North Alaskan Inupiatun

eternal life

The Greek that is translated in English as “eternal life” is translated in various ways:

Berik: “good living forever” (source: Kroneman 2004, p. 536)
Asháninka: “keep on living”
Aguaruna: “will always live”
Yanesha’: “immortal state forever”
North Alaskan Inupiatun: “endless life”
Tsafiki: “live forever with God”
Lalana Chinantec: “heart will be alive forever” (source for this and five above: M. Larson / B. Moore in Notes on Translation February 1970, p. 1-125)
Tagalog: buhay na walang hanggan: “life which has no boundary”
Iloko: biagna nga agnanayon: “continuing life” (source for this and one above: G. Henry Waterman in The Bible Translator 1960, p. 24ff. )
Huehuetla Tepehua: “life forever up in heaven” (source: Larson 1998, p. 279)
Kele: loiko: “survival: enduring through crisis, catastrophe and death” (source: William Ford in The Bible Translator 1957, p. 203ff. ).
Highland Totonac: “have life, the kind that is for always”
Central Mazahua: “live continually” (source for this and above: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Samoan: ola e fa‘avavau or “life until the end of time” (source: John Bradshaw in The Bible Translator 1967, p. 75ff. )
Mairasi: “life fruit” (source: Enggavoter 2004).

Lloyd Peckham explains the Mairasi translation: “In secret stories, not knowable to women nor children, there was a magical fruit of life. If referred to vaguely, without specifying the specific ‘fruit,’ it can be an expression for eternity.”

See also eternity / forever and salvation.

conversion, convert, turn back

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The Greek that is often rendered in English as “to be converted” or “to turn around” is (back-) translated in a number of ways:

North Alaskan Inupiatun: “change completely”
Purepecha: “turn around”
Highland Totonac: “have one’s life changed”
Huautla Mazatec: “make pass over bounds within”
San Blas Kuna: “turn the heart toward God”
Chol: “the heart turns itself back”
Highland Puebla Nahuatl: “self-heart change”
Pamona: “turn away from, unlearn something”
Tepeuxila Cuicatec: “turn around from the breast”
Luvale: “return”
Balinese: “put on a new behavior” (compare “repentance“: “to put on a new mind”)
Tzeltal: “cause one’s heart to return to God” (compare “repentance”: “to cause one’s heart to return because of one’s sin”)
Pedi: “retrace one’s step” (compare “repentance”: “to become untwisted”)
Uab Meto: “return” (compare “repentance”: “to turn the heart upside down”)
Northwestern Dinka: “turn oneself” (compare “repentance”: “to turn the heart”) (source for this and all above: Bratcher / Nida)
Central Mazahua: “change the heart” (compare “repentance”: “turn back the heart”) (source: Nida 1952, p. 40)
Western Kanjobal: “molt” (like a butterfly) (source: Nida 1952, p. 136)
Latvian: atgriezties (verb) / atgriešanās (noun) (“turn around / return”) which is also the same term being used for “repentance” (source: Katie Roth)
Isthmus Mixe: “look away from the teaching of one’s ancestors and follow the teachings of God”
Highland Popoluca: “leave one’s old beliefs to believe in Jesus” (source for thsi and above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

hanged

The Hebrew that is translated in English as “(let the 10 sons) . . . be hanged” is translated in North Alaskan Inupiatun in such a manner that it’s clear that the bodies which will be hanged, as the men are already dead (see Esther 9:10 and 12).

cock, rooster

The Greek that is translated in English as “rooster crowed” or “cock crowed” is translated in North Alaskan Inupiatun as “the bird called.” (Source: M. Larson / B. Moore in Notes on Translation February 1970, p. 1-125.)

deny oneself

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The Greek that is translated with “deny himself” or “deny oneself” is according to Bratcher / Nida “without doubt one of the most difficult expressions in all of Mark to translate adequately.” These are many of the (back-) translations:

Tetelcingo Nahuatl: “not accept self”
Amganad Ifugao and South Bolivian Quechua: “forget self”
North Alaskan Inupiatun: “have no regard for oneself”
Toraja-Sa’dan: “not bother oneself about oneself”
Huautla Mazatec: “cover up oneself”
San Miguel El Grande Mixtec: “not worship oneself”
Tzeltal: “stop doing what one’s own heart wants”
Yaka: “let go that which he wants to do oneself”
Cashibo-Cacataibo: “say, I will not do just what I want to do”
Tzotzil: “say, I do not serve for anything” (in the sense of having no personal value)
Sapo: “not do what is passing through one’s mind”
Central Mazahua: “not take constant thought for oneself”
Tabasco Chontal: “quit what one wants”
Highland Totonac: “undo one’s own way of thinking”
Dan: “put one’s own things down”
Kekchí: “despise oneself”
Kituba: “refuse oneself”
Javanese: “turn one’s back on oneself”
Southern Bobo Madaré: “disobey oneself” (in the sense of denying one’s own wishes)
Huastec: “leave oneself at the side”
Chicahuaxtla Triqui: “leave one’s own way”
Loma: “take one’s mind out of oneself completely”
Panao Huánuco Quechua: “say, I do not live for myself”
Mitla Zapotec: “say No to oneself” (source for this and all above: Bratcher / Nida)
Copainalá Zoque: “forgetting self”
Huallaga Huánuco Quechua: “declare, I do not live for myself” (source: Nida 1952, p. 154)
Galela: “put self down” (source: Howard Shelden in Kroneman 2004, p. 501)
Mairasi: “shuffle out of one’s vision (=forget) everything which is one’s own” (source: Enggavoter 2004)
Q’anjob’al: “do not belong to oneself any longer” (source: Newberry and Kittie Cox in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 91ff. )
Achi: “don’t do only what one wants to do”
Chipaya: “leave one’s own way of living” (source for this and above: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)

enemy

The Hebrew that is translated as “enemies” in English is translated into North Alaskan Inupiatun with a term that implies that it’s not just someone who hates you, but one who wants to do you harm.

crown of thorns

The Greek that is translated as “crown of thorns” in English is translated in Navajo as “a hat of a plant that had sharp thorns,” in North Alaskan Inupiatun as “a head-gear of prickly branches,” in Aguaruna as “a thing to crown him with out of thorns,” and in Chol as “woven thorns.”

holy ones (Psalm 34:9)

The Hebrew that is often translated as “holy ones” is translated in North Alaskan Inupiatun as “special, chosen (ones).”