circumcise, circumcision

The Hebrew and Greek terms that are translated as «circumcise» or «circumcision» in English (originally meaning of English term: «to cut around») are (back-) translated in various ways:

  • Chimborazo Highland Quichua: «cut the flesh»
  • San Miguel El Grande Mixtec, Navajo (Dinė): «cut around»
  • Javanese: «clip-away»
  • Uab Meto: «pinch and cut» (usually shortened to «cut»)
  • North Alaskan Inupiatun, Western Highland Purepecha: «put the mark»
  • Tetelcingo Nahuatl: «put the mark in the body showing that they belong to God» (or: «that they have a covenant with God»)
  • Indonesian: disunat — «undergo sunat» (sunat is derived from Arabic «sunnah (سنة)» — «(religious) way (of life)»)
  • Ekari: «cut the end of the member for which one fears shame» (in Gen. 17:10) (but typically: «the cutting custom») (source for this and above: Reiling / Swellengrebel)
  • Cheke Holo: «peel for the purpose of making a sign» (source: Freddy Boswell in The Bible Translator 2009, p. 132ff. )
  • Hiri Motu: «cut the skin» (source: Deibler / Taylor 1977, p. 1079)
  • Garifuna: «cut off part of that which covers where one urinates»
  • Bribri: «cut the soft» (source for this and the one above: Ronald Ross)
  • Amele: deweg cagu qoc — «cut the body» (source: John Roberts)
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: «cut the flesh of the sons like Moses taught» (source: Ronald D. Olson in Notes on Translation January, 1968, p. 15ff.)
  • Totontepec Mixe: «cut so that a sign remains in one’s body» (source: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)
  • Newari: «put the sign in one’s body» (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Central Mazahua: «sign in his flesh»
  • Hopi: «being cut in a circle in his body» (source for this and above: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
  • Mandarin Chinese: gēlǐ (割礼 / 割禮) or «rite of cutting» (Protestant); gēsǔn (割损 / 割損) or «cut + loss» (Catholic) (Source: Zetzsche)
  • Tibetan: mdun lpags gcod (མདུན་​ལྤགས་​གཅོད།), lit. «fore + skin + cut» (source: gSungrab website )
  • Kutu: «enter the cloth (=undergarments)» (source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
  • Cherokee: «de-head» (source: Bender / Belt 2025, p. 33)

Learn more on Bible Odyssey: Circumcision .

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