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Language: Mandarin Chinese
Mandarin Chinese (cmn) is a(n) Sino-Tibetan language of China, Korea, Democratic People's Republic of, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Mongolia, Russian Federation, Taiwan, Province of China, Viet Nam, marked as not endangered
The Greek in Luke 10:13 that is translated as “they would have repented” or similar in English is translated in the German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999) with hätten sich selbst diese hartgesottenen Sünder bekehrt or “even these hard-core sinners would have repented.”
In the Catholic Mandarin ChineseSigao version it is translated with a historical Chinese idiom: yìlùn fēnfēn (改過自新 / 改过自新), lit. “make amends and start afresh.” (Source: Toshikazu S. Foley in Hong Kong Journal of Catholic Studies, 2011, p. 45ff.)
The Greek that is translated as “double-minded” in English is translated in Owa as “double-hearted” (doubt; first one thought, then the opposite) (source: Carl Gross) and in the German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999) with zwei gegensätzliche Seelen in der Brust haben or “having two opposed souls in one’s chest” (in James 1:8).
In the Catholic Mandarin ChineseSigao version and the Protestant Union Version it is translated with two forms of one historical Chinese idiom: sānxīn liǎngyì (三心兩意 / 三心两意) and sānxīn èryì (三心二意), both: “three hearts, two minds.” (Source: Toshikazu S. Foley in Hong Kong Journal of Catholic Studies, 2011, p. 45ff.)
The now commonly-used English idiom “eye for an eye” (meaning revenge or retribution) was first coined in 1526 in the English New Testament translation of William Tyndale. (Source: Crystal 2010, p. 285)
Likewise in Mandarin Chinese, the phrasing that was coined to translate “an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth” — yǐyǎn huányǎn, yǐyá huányá (以眼还眼，以牙还牙 / 以眼還眼，以牙還牙) — has also become a Chinese proverb (see here ).
Other languages that have idioms based on the Hebrew that is translated “an eye for an eye” in English include:
In Alekano it is translated as “if someone gouges out your eye, gouge out his eye,” since in that language body parts need to have an obligatory possessive designator attached. (Source: Larson 1998, p. 42)
The Greek that is typically translated as “boldness” in English is often translated in the Protestant Mandarin ChineseUnion Version with an existing Chinese proverb: tǎnrán wújù (坦然无惧) or “calm and fearless.” (Source: Zetzsche)
In Makonde it is translated as “being strong in heart.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific notes in Paratext)
The Greek that is translated as “has seen and heard” in English is translated in the Catholic Mandarin ChineseSigao version with a historical Chinese idiom: suǒjiàn suǒwén (所見所聞 / 所见所闻) or “what I saw and heard (lit. “all seen, all heard”).”
Note that the Protestant Union Version also uses it in John 3:32. (Source: Toshikazu S. Foley in Hong Kong Journal of Catholic Studies, 2011, p. 45ff.)
The Greek that is translated as “had to bear” or similar in English is translated in the Catholic Mandarin ChineseSigao version with a historical Chinese idiom: bùkān fùhè (不堪負荷 / 不堪负荷), lit. “unbearable load.” (Source: Toshikazu S. Foley in Hong Kong Journal of Catholic Studies, 2011, p. 45ff.)
The Greek that is translated as “was lost and found again” or similar in English is translated in these verses in the Catholic Mandarin ChineseSigao version and the Protestant Union Version with a historical Chinese idiom: shī ér fùdé (失而復得 / 失而复得) or “lost and regained again.” (Source: Toshikazu S. Foley in Hong Kong Journal of Catholic Studies, 2011, p. 45ff.)
The Greek that is translated into English as “gnashed their teeth” or “ground their teeth” is translated in Pwo Karen as “their eyes were green/blue with anger” (source: David Clark), in Yao as “they had itchy teeth” (“meaning they very anxious to destroy him”) (source: Nida / Reyburn, p. 56), in Estado de México Otomi as “gnashed their teeth at him to show anger” (to specify their emotion) (source: John Beekman in Notes on Translation, March 1965, p. 2ff.), in Coatlán Mixe as “ground their teeth in anger like wild hogs,” in Rincón Zapotec as “showed their teeth (like a dog) because of their anger” (source for this and before: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.), and in Gullah as suck dey teet or “suck their teeth” (source: David Frank).
In the Protestant Mandarin ChineseUnion Version and the Catholic Sigao version it is translated with a historical Chinese idiom: yǎoyá qièchǐ (咬牙切齿 / 咬牙切齒) or “gnash teeth, grind teeth.” (Source: Zetzsche)
