Language-specific Insights

eternal life

The Greek and Ge’ez that is translated in English as “eternal life” is translated in various ways:

Lloyd Peckham explains the Mairasi translation: “In secret stories, not knowable to women nor children, there was a magical fruit of life. If referred to vaguely, without specifying the specific ‘fruit,’ it can be an expression for eternity.”

See also eternity / forever and salvation.

Learn more on Bible Odyssey: Eternal Life in John .

idle tale

The Greek in Luke 24:11 that is translated into English as “nonsense” or “idle tale” is translated as

  • “empty talk” (Uab Meto)
  • “wind talk” (Indonesian)
  • “carried-around story” (Ekari)
  • “purposeless talking” (Kele)
  • “words that-frighten without-reason” (Toraja-Sa’dan)
  • “talk without foundation” (Pohnpeian, Chuukese) (source for all above: Reiling / Swellengrebel)
  • “telling a fairy tale” (Mairasi) (source: Enggavoter 2004).
  • “women’s gossip” (Weibergeschwätz) (German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord, publ. 1999)
  • “weird talking” (dwatsche Snack) (Low German translation by Johannes Jessen, publ. 1933, republ. 2006)
  • “what-they-had-made-up” (Tagbanwa) (source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • “silly talking” (Noongar) (source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • “baseless talk” (wújīzhī tán / 無稽之談  / 无稽之谈) (traditional idiom in the Mandarin Chinese Catholic Sigao version)

See also idle talkers.

grieving

The Greek that is translated as “grieving” or “sorrowful” in English is often translated metaphorically:

  • “his stomach died” (Mezquital Otomi)
  • “he was heavy in his stomach” (Uduk)
  • “his heart was pained” (Kpelle)
  • “he was sick in his mind” (Amganad Ifugao)
  • “his heart hung” (Loma)
  • “his heart was spoiled” (Mossi) (source for this and all above: Bratcher / Nida 1961)
  • “his interior was crying” (Bariai) (source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • “heart got shocked” (Kupsabiny) (source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • “insides/heart-became-bad” (Mairasi ) (source: Enggavoter 2004)

See also sorrow and Seat of the Mind for traditional views of “ways of knowing, thinking, and feeling.”

endurance

The Greek that is translated in English as “endurance” (or “patience”or “perseverance”) is translated in Tzotzil as “(good) strength of heart(s)” (source: Ellis Deibler in Notes on Translation July, 1967, p. 5ff.), in Isthmus Zapotec as “learning not to lose patience” (source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.), and in Tabasco Chontal as “they shouldn’t get upset over things” (source: John Beekman & Harwood Hess in Notes on Translation, March 1963, p. 1ff.).

In Mairasi it is translated idiomatically as “having well-split bones” (source: Enggavoter 2004).

after my heart

The Greek and Hebrew that is translated as “(man) after my (or: his) heart” in English is translated in a number of ways:

  • Teutila Cuicatec. “(a man who) respects what I want”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “whom I look well on”
  • Chichimeca-Jonaz: “who pleases my heart”
  • Xicotepec De Juárez Totonac: “thinks like I do”
  • Tzotzil: “with his heart the same as mine (we think the same way)”
  • Isthmus Mixe: “his heart and mine meet together”
  • Morelos Nahuatl: “a good man whom I like”
  • Shipibo-Conibo: “does what I desire in my heart” (source: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)
  • Kupsabiny: “a person my stomach loves” (source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “a man who follows my mind (lit. interior)” (source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “one who has My throat and makes My liver good” (source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “I am very pleased with his customs” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “his ways/nature really please me for they are really in harmony with my ways” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

slow of heart

The Greek in Luke 24:25 that is often translated as “slow of heart” in English is translated as

  • “the heart is hard” in Zarma
  • “very heavy in heart” in Uab Meto
  • “blocked-hearted” in Indonesian
  • “lazy to think” in Tae’
  • “having a heart that delays” in Shona (translation of 1963)
  • “failing-heart-people” in Adamawa Fulfulde (source for this and above: Reiling / Swellengrebel)
  • “hard-headed” in Kupsabiny (source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • “You guys tuberfully-dug are beeswax” in Mairasi (source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • “dull heart” in Low German (source: translation by Johannes Jessen, publ. 1933, republ. 2006)