the whole message about this life

The Greek in Acts 5:20 that is translated as “the whole message about this life” or similar in English is translated in the German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999) with die lebendige Botschaft ohne Abstriche or “the living message without compromises.”

synagogue, temple (inner), temple (outer)

In many English translations the Greek terms “hieron” (the whole “temple” in Jerusalem or specifically the outer courts open to worshippers) and “naos” (the inner “shrine” or “sanctuary”) are translated with only one word: “temple” (see also for instance “Tempel” in German [for exception see below] and “tempel” in Dutch, Danish, or Afrikaans).

Other languages make a distinction: (Click or tap here to see more)

  • Navajo (Dinė): “house in which worship is carried out” (for naos)
  • Balinese: “inner part of the Great Temple” (“the term ‘inner part’ denoting the hindmost and holiest of the two or three courts that temples on Bali usually possess”) vs. “Great Temple”
  • Telugu: “womb (i.e. interior)-of-the-abode” vs. “abode”
  • Thai: a term denoting the main audience hall of a Buddhist temple compound vs. “environs-of-the-main-audience-hall”
  • Kituba: “place of holiness of house-God Lord” vs. “house-God Lord”
  • Shipibo-Conibo: “deep in God’s house” vs. “God’s house” (source: Reiling / Swellengrebel)
  • German das Buch translation by Roland Werner (publ. 2009-2022): “inner court of the temple” (Tempelinnenhof) vs. “temple”

Languages that, like English, German, Dutch, Danish, or Afrikaans, don’t make that distinction include:

  • Mandarin Chinese: “聖殿 Shèng diàn” (“holy palace”)
  • Loma: “the holy place”
  • Pular: “the sacred house” (source for this and the one above: Bratcher / Nida)
  • Zarma: “God’s compound”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “big church of the Jews”
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “big house on top (i.e. most important)”
  • Toraja-Sa’dan: “house that is looked upon as holy, that is sacred, that is taboo and where one may not set foot” (lit. “house where-the-belly-gets-swollen” — because taboo is violated — using a term that is also applied to a Muslim mosque) (source for this and the three above: Reiling / Swellengrebel)
  • Mairasi: Janav Enggwarjer Weso: “Great Above One’s (God’s) House” (source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Noongar: Maya-maya-Kooranyi: “Sacred House” (source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Huehuetla Tepehua: “the big church of the Israelites”
  • Aguaruna: “the house for talking to God” (source for this and above: M. Larson / B. Moore in Notes on Translation February 1970, p. 1-125.)
  • Guhu-Samane: “festival longhouse of God” (“The biiri, ‘festival longhouse’, being the religious and social center of the community, is a possible term for ‘temple’. It is not the ‘poro house’ as such. That would be too closely identified with the cult of poro. The physical features of the building, huge and sub-divided, lend it further favor for this consideration. By qualifying it as ‘God’s biiri’ the term has become meaningful and appropriate in the context of the Scriptures.”) (Source: Ernest Richert in The Bible Translator, 1965, p. 81ff. )
  • Enga: “God’s restricted access house” (source: Adam Boyd on his blog )

Another distinction that tends to be overlooked in translations is that between hieron (“temple” in English) and sunagógé (“synagogue” in English). Euan Fry (in The Bible Translator 1987, p. 213ff. ) reports on this:

“Many older translations have simply used transliterations of ‘temple’ and ‘synagogue’ rather than trying to find equivalent terms or meaningful expressions in their own languages. This approach does keep the two terms separate; but it makes the readers depend on explanations given by pastors or teachers for their understanding of the text.

“Translators who have tried to find meaningful equivalents, for the two terms ‘temple’ and ‘synagogue’ have usually made a distinction between them in one of two ways (which focus on the contrasting components of meaning). One way takes the size and importance of the Temple to make a contrast, so that expressions such as ‘sacred meeting/ worship house of the Jews’ and ‘big sacred meeting/worship house of the Jews’ are used. The other way focuses on the different nature of the religious activity at each of the places, so that expressions such as ‘meeting/worship house of the Jews’ and ‘sacrifice/ceremony place of the Jews’ are used.

“It is not my purpose in this article to discuss how to arrive at the most precise equivalent to cover all the components of meaning of ‘temple’. That is something that each translator really has to work through for himself in the light of the present usage and possibilities in his own language. My chief concern here is that the basic term or terms chosen for ‘temple’ should give the reader of a translation a clear and correct picture of the location referred to in each passage. And I am afraid that in many cases where an equivalent like ‘house of God’ or ‘worship house’ has been chosen, the readers have quite the wrong picture of what going to the Temple or being in the Temple means. (This may be the case for the word ‘temple’ in English too, for many readers.)”

Here are some examples:

  • Bambara: “house of God” (or: “big house of worship”) vs. “worship house” (or: “small houses of worship”)
  • Toraja-Sa’dan: “house where-the-belly-gets-swollen” (see above) vs. “meeting house for discussing matters concerning religious customs” (and “church” is “house where one meets on Sunday”)
  • Navajo (Dinė): “house in which worship is carried out” vs. “house of gathering” (source for all above: Bratcher / Nida)

    • Bangandu: “the great house of God” vs. “house of prayer” (Source: Ervais Fotso Noumsi in Le Sycomore, 16/1, 2022 )

Click or tap here to see a short video clip about Herod’s temple (source: Bible Lands 2012)

Click or tap here to see a short video clip showing synagogues in New Testament times (source: Bible Lands 2012)

See also this devotion on YouVersion .

complete verse (Acts 5:20)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 5:20:

  • Uma: “‘Go stand in the House of God, announce to the masses all those words that give new life.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘Go stand in the temple (lit. big prayer-house) and tell the people that are there about what they should do (lit. as to how) so that they will have everlasting life.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “and he said to them, ‘Go to the House of God and there teach the people about this new life.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘Go to the Temple to thoroughly tell to the many-people concerning the new life that God is giving.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And then he said to them, ‘Go again to the Templo, and teach the crowd again concerning this life which is without ending.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

Translation commentary on Acts 5:20

The term stand is not primarily a reference to a particular body position, but where the apostles are to be. In some languages this is equivalent to “go into the temple.”

Tell the people all about this new life (see also Jerusalem Bible, An American Translation*, Phillips) literally translates “tell the people all the words (or things) of this life.”

The reference to the people must be made somewhat more specific in some languages as “the people there.”

In the context the meaning of this … life is the Christian life, therefore the basis for translating the phrase new life. The phrase this new life is difficult to translate in many languages since “life” is not a noun but a verb. Therefore, the phrase may be rendered as “this new way” or “this new way of living.” In some languages new is equivalent to “different,” for example, “this different kind of way to live.”

Quoted with permission from Newman, Barclay M. and Nida, Eugene A. A Handbook on The Acts of the Apostles. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1972. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .

SIL Translator’s Notes on Acts 5:20

5:20a–b

Go, stand in the temple courts and tell: The Greek is more literally “go and, having stood, speak in the temple.” It refers to the apostles walking into the temple courts. Then they are to stand in preparation to speaking to the people. For example:

Go to the temple courts, and after standing, tell

But in many languages it is more natural to translate “having stood” as a regular verb, as the Berean Standard Bible models. For example:

Go and stand in the temple courts (NET Bible)
-or-
Go into the temple courts and stand ⌊there⌋

5:20a

the temple courts: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as temple courts is literally “temple.” But the Greek word refers to the temple building and the various courtyards and walls that surrounded it. Only the priests were allowed into the temple itself. People met in the courtyards to worship. Therefore the Berean Standard Bible translates the Greek word as temple courts here. See how you translated this phrase in 2:46 or 3:8.

5:20b

tell: The Greek verb is in the present tense. It indicates that they are to be telling the full message. They are not to stop after they told it once. For example:

be telling

the full message: The Greek is more literally “all the words.” The apostles were to tell the whole message. Here are some other ways to translate this:

all the words (Revised Standard Version)
-or-
the whole message (New Revised Standard Version)

this new life: This phrase refers to the new life that the gospel of Jesus tells us about. It implies that the apostles should tell the rest of the gospel too.

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