kiss

The Hebrew and the Greek that is usually directly translated as “kiss” in English is translated more indirectly in other languages because kissing is deemed as inappropriate, is not a custom at all, or is not customary in the particular context (see the English translation of J.B. Phillips [publ. 1960] in Romans 16:16: “Give each other a hearty handshake”). Here are some examples:

  • Pökoot: “greet warmly” (“kissing in public, certainly between men, is absolutely unacceptable in Pökoot.”) (Source: Gerrit van Steenbergen)
  • Southern Birifor: puor or “greet” (source: Andy Warren-Rothlin)
  • Chamula Tzotzil, Ixcatlán Mazatec, Tojolabal: “greet each other warmly” or “hug with feeling” (source: Robert Bascom)
  • Afar: gaba tittal ucuya — “give hands to each other” (Afar kiss each other’s hands in greeting) (source: Loren Bliese)
  • Roviana: “welcome one another joyfully”
  • Cheke Holo: “love each other in the way-joined-together that is holy” (esp. in Romans 16:16) or “greet with love” (esp. 1 Thessalonians 5:26 and 1 Peter 5:14)
  • Pitjantjatjara: “when you meet/join up with others of Jesus’ relatives hug and kiss them [footnote], for you are each a relative of the other through Jesus.” Footnote: “This was their custom in that place to hug and kiss one another in happiness. Maybe when we see another relative of Jesus we shake hands and rejoice.” (esp. Rom. 16:16) (source for this and two above: Carl Gross)
  • Kamba: “greet with the greeting of love” (source: Andy Warren-Rothlin)
  • Balanta-Kentohe and Mandinka: “touch cheek” or “cheek-touching” (“sumbu” in Malinka)
  • Mende: “embrace” (“greet one another with the kiss of love”: “greet one another and embrace one another to show that you love one another”) (source for this and two above: Rob Koops)
  • Gen: “embrace affectionately” (source: John Ellington)
  • Kachin: “holy and pure customary greetings” (source: Gam Seng Shae)
  • Kahua: “smell” (source: David Clark) (also in Ekari and Kekchí, source: Reiling / Swellengrebel)
  • San Blas Kuna: “smell the face” (source: Claudio and Marvel Iglesias in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 85ff. )
  • Chichewa: “suck” (“habit and term a novelty amongst the young and more or less westernized people, the traditional term for greeting a friend after a long absence being, ‘clap in the hands and laugh happily'”)
  • Medumba: “suck the cheek” (“a novelty, the traditional term being ‘to embrace.'”)
  • Shona (version of 1966) / Vidunda: “hug”
  • Elhomwe: “show respect by hugging” (source: project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
  • Balinese: “caress” (source for this and three above: Reiling / Swellengrebel; Vidunda: project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
  • Tsafiki: earlier version: “greet in a friendly way,” later revision: “kiss on the face” (Bruce Moore [in: Notes on Translation 1/1992, p. 1ff.] explains: “Formerly, kissing had presented a problem. Because of the Tsáchilas’ [speakers of Tsafiki] limited exposure to Hispanic culture they understood the kiss only in the eros context. Accordingly, the original translation had rendered ‘kiss’ in a greeting sense as ‘greet in a friendly way’. The actual word ‘kiss’ was not used. Today ‘kiss’ is still an awkward term, but the team’s judgment was that it could be used as long as long as it was qualified. So ‘kiss’ (in greeting) is now ‘kiss on the face’ (that is, not on the lips).)
  • Kwere / Kutu: “show true friendship” (source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)

In the German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999) it is translated as heiliger Kuss or “holy kiss” in the epistles. The translators note (p. 62): “It is possible that this is an early practice in which Christians communicate the Holy Spirit to one another or rekindle it.”

See also The kiss of Christian love (image), Let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth and kissed (his feet).

Translation commentary on Proverbs 7:13

In verses 13-18 the woman invites the young man to share her sacrificial meal and describes the perfumed bed they will enjoy.

“She seizes him and kisses him”: The woman grabs hold of the youth. In this combination of verbs it may be more natural to follow those translations that say, “She puts her arm[s] around him. . ..” “Kiss” in the Old Testament normally refers to the gesture of greeting or taking leave of close relatives. The “kiss” that has sexual significance is mentioned only here and in Song 1.2 and 8.1. In some languages the equivalent of “kiss” is hug, embrace, press the body against, or push the lips together.

“With impudent face”: This expression is literally “she hardens her face” and probably means to put on a bold front (see 21.29) or to do something without showing shame or regret. A number of translations have “She looked him straight in the eye and said. . ..”

Quoted with permission from Reyburn, William D. and Fry, Euan McG. A Handbook on Proverbs. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2000. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .

complete verse (Proverbs 7:13)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Proverbs 7:13:

  • Kupsabiny: “Then that woman embraced that man and kissed/sucked (on him). She told that man without fear/shame/hesitation that,” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “She caught that man and kissed him.
    and shamelessly she said” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “When- she -saw the man, she embraced him and kissed (him). And she said without being-ashamed,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “She-suddenly-hugged and suddenly-kissed that-aforementioned young-man and she was not embarrassed to say,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)

SIL Translator’s Notes on Proverbs 7:13

Paragraph 7:13–20

This paragraph tells how the woman seduced the young man. After first kissing him (7:13), she then used words in order to seduce him. She told about the favorable circumstances (7:14), used flattery (7:15), appealed to his anticipation of physical pleasure (7:16–18), and reassured him of her husband’s absence (7:19–20).

7:13a

She seizes him and kisses him: This verse continues the story from 7:10. This story was interrupted by the general description of the adulterous woman (or women) in 7:11–12. If your language has a way to show that this verse is resuming the story, you should use it here.

The verb seizes means here that she abruptly hugged him. Another way to translate this meaning is:

She threw her arms around the young man

7:13b

she brazenly: The expression that the Berean Standard Bible translates here as she brazenly is literally “she makes bold/strong her face.” It means that the woman had a brazen or impudent look on her face as she spoke to the young man. The Good News Translation expresses this as:

She…looked him straight in the eye (Good News Translation)

It may also mean that she spoke to him without a proper sense of shame. For example:

Without shame (New Century Version)

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