The phrases that are translated as “clean animals” and “unclean animals” in English: The first draft into Maan had “animals not cursed” and “cursed animals,” which did not express correctly the idea of ritually pure and impure animals. So it was changed to “animals accepted by God for sacrifices” and “animals not accepted by God for sacrifices.”
In Kwere it is translated as animals “which are eaten” vs. “which are not eaten.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
In Makonde is is translated as halali and halamu, derived from the Arabic halal (حلال) and haram (حرام), used for permitted and and forbidden animals in Islam. The Makonde speakers are 90% Muslim and this was chosen because these are widely understood terms and because many of the permitted (clean) foods of Judaism and Islam match. (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
The Hebrew in Psalm 38:3 that is translated as “there is no health in my bones” or similar in English is translated in Kwere with the idiom “my bones are bursting.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
The Hebrew and Greek that is often translated as “your blood be on your own heads” or similar in English is translated as
- “you have the guilt if you don’t receive eternal life” in Highland Popoluca
- “you are to blame if you lose your own souls” in Coatlán Mixe
- “you will be to blame yourselves when you do not go to a good place” in Isthmus Mixe
- “you will be lost but you are at fault yourselves” in Morelos Nahuatl
- “you are the ones who are guilty that you will be lost” in Lalana Chinantec (source for this and above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)
- “if you die in your bad deeds, it’s your own bad fault” in Bariai (source: Bariai Back Translation)
- “let your own blood alone eat you” in Kupsabiny (source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
- “You have killed yourselves with your own heart” in Chichewa (source: Wendland 1987, p. 28)
- “your blood will be to you” (existing idiom) in Kwere (source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
The Hebrew, Greek and Latin that is translated as “(was or became) angry” in English is translated in Kwere as “saw anger.” In Kwere, emotions are always paired with sensory verbs (seeing or smelling or hearing). (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
In Bariai it is “to have grumbling interiors” (source: Bariai Back Translation).
See also anger and feel (terror, pain, suffering, anxiety).
The Hebrew that is translated as “discharge” or similar in English is translated in Kalanga with tjigwele, a term that refers to sexually transmitted diseases. (Source: project-specific notes in Paratext)
In Kwere, the term ufila is used which implies pus (source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext) and in Newari it is translated as “disease of the semen.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
The Hebrew in Judges 9:4 that is translated as “reckless fellows” or similar in English is translated in Kwere as “people who aren’t afraid of anything.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
The Hebrew in Psalm 33:10 that is translated as “he frustrates the plans” or similar in English is translated in Kwere as “he makes the plans useless.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
The Hebrew in Leviticus 8:25 that is translated as “took (the fat . . .)” in English is translated in Kwere as “gathered (the fat . . .)” to make it a more complete sentence. (Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
