The Hebrew, Greek, and Latin that is translated as “pride” in English is translated as “continually boasting” (Amganad Ifugao), “lifting oneself up” (Tzeltal), “answering haughtily” (Yucateco) (source: Bratcher / Nida), “unbent neck” (like llamas) (Kaqchikel) (source: Nida 1952, p. 151), or “praising oneself, saying: I am better” (Shipibo-Conibo) (source: Nida 1964, p. 237).
In the Hausa Common Language Bible it is idiomatically translated as girman kai or “bigness of head.” (Source: Andy Warren-Rothlin)
Many languages distinguish between inclusive and exclusive first-person plural pronouns (“we”). (Click or tap here to see more details)
The inclusive “we” specifically includes the addressee (“you and I and possibly others”), while the exclusive “we” specifically excludes the addressee (“he/she/they and I, but not you”). This grammatical distinction is called “clusivity.” While Semitic languages such as Hebrew or most Indo-European languages such as Greek or English do not make that distinction, translators of languages with that distinction have to make a choice every time they encounter “we” or a form thereof (in English: “we,” “our,” or “us”).
For this verse, translators typically select the inclusive form (including the writer and the readers of this letter).
Source: Velma Pickett and Florence Cowan in Notes on Translation January 1962, p. 1ff.
Following are a number of back-translations of Galatians 5:26:
- Uma: “Let us not be proud [make our hearts high], let us not anger/upset each other [lit., make-hurt each other’s heart] or be envious of one another.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “We (incl.) ought not to be proud/conceited. Let’s not cause our (incl.) companion to be angry and let’s not be jealous of our (incl.) companion.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “We must not be puffed up; we must not fight with other people; we must not be jealous of our companions.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “We shouldn’t be proud (lit. cause-to-be-high our bodies), and neither should we challenge-one-another and envy-one another.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tagbanwa: “We must no longer be conceited, provocative, and envious of one another.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “We can’t be arrogant now. We can’t be arguing. We can’t be envious of each other.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
Leave a Reply
You must be logged in to post a comment.