Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 5:38:
Uma: “‘You know the command long ago that says: ‘If there are people fighting, and one pries/gouges out the eye of the other or pulls out the teeth of the other, pry/gouge his eye out too, and pull out his teeth too.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “‘You have heard this teaching, it says, ‘If a person destroys the eye of his companion, his eye shall also be destroyed, and if a person knocks out a tooth of his companion, his tooth shall also be knocked out.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “You know also that which was taught long ago that if there is a person who inadvertently destroyed the eye of his companion, it can be that his eye also is destroyed. And if there is a person who inadvertently destroyed the tooth of his companion, it can be that his tooth will also be destroyed.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “‘You have also heard what was commanded back-then saying, ‘An eye is the payment of an eye, a tooth for a tooth.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “‘You (pl.) have also heard this which was said in the law, ‘It is necessary to pass sentence which makes the same. If you (sing.) damaged your companion’s eye, that indeed is to be done to you. If you broke/knocked-out the tooth of someone else, your tooth is to be broken/knocked-out.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Tenango Otomi: “You have heard the word taught to the people in past days, that they were told: ‘Concerning the person who puts out the eye of his fellowman, he also must have his eye put out. Concerning the person who knocks out the teeth of his fellowman, he also must have his teeth knocked out.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999): “‘It has been said: Restrict revenge, for example, for a gouged-out eye (take) only one eye of the perpetrator, for a knocked-out tooth (take) only one tooth of the perpetrator.'”
Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Corinthians 6:8:
Uma: “Whether we (excl.) are disparaged or praised, whether we (excl.) are criticized or honored, it is clear that we (excl.) are indeed God’s workers. Some say that we (excl.) are deceivers, but our (excl.) words are true.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “Sometimes also we (excl.) are honored but sometimes also we (excl.) are put down/humbled. Sometimes we (excl.) are praised but sometimes also we (excl.) are spoken-bad-about/to/slandered (bissãhan la’at). They say we (excl.) lie but really all we (excl.) say is true.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “There are those who respect us and there are also people who do not respect us. There are those who praise us and there are those who gossip about us. Some say we are liars but what we say is not a lie.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “In our (excl.) serving God, there are those who esteem and those who despise us (excl.), there are those who praise-us and those who speak-evil-of us (excl.). There are those who say we (excl.) are liars, but what we (excl.) say is certainly true.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “We (excl.) really have experienced being highly spoken of and having destructive lies spoken against us (excl.), slandered and praised, we (excl.) have been said to be liars, even though the truth is what we (excl.) are telling.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Tenango Otomi: “Now, there are people who look respectfully on me and there are also people who do not look respectfully on me. There are people who speak well of me, and there are also people who speak bad of me. There are people who say I deceive, but I always speak what is the true word.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999): “Sometimes I feel honored, other times disregarded; some people mock me, others praise me, still others consider me a false teacher, even though I speak the truth.”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 1:5:
Uma: “Many people went to the wilderness [empty field] wanting to hear Yohaness words. There were those from Yerusalem-town and from all the towns Yudea-land. They went to confess their sins, and he baptized them in the Jordan river, a sign of their having repented from their sins.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “So-then many people from the many-places there in Yahudiya and from Awrusalam went to him. They confessed their sins and were baptized by Yahiya in the river/water Jordan.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The many people went after John. They came from the towns in all the province of Judea, and there were even people who came from the city of Jerusalem. And those people confessed their sins and were baptized by John in the river Jordan.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “The inhabitants of Jerusalem and those-who-resided in all the towns in Judea were going to him. They were confessing their sins and then Juan would baptize them in the Jordan river.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “The people really-all went to him from the towns in the district of Judea, including the taga Jerusalem. They were repenting of their sins and having themselves baptized by Juan in the river Jordan, testifying that they would now drop/give-up sin.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Shipibo-Conibo: “Then all those of Judea land, all the Jerusalem people, they used to go to John. Then he washed them [‘wash’ does not eliminate immersion], at the Jordan stream, when they said: It is true. We have sinned.” (Source: James Lauriault in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 32ff. )
Balinese: “There the whole country of Judea and all the inhabitants of the city of Jerusalem came out to meet Jokanan, and then they were baptized in the river Jarden, while they confessed their sins.” (Source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999): “And all the inhabitants of Judah and Jerusalem streamed out to John into the wilderness. They were baptized by him in the Jordan, and because this would have cleansed them, they were able to confess their sins and ask for forgiveness.”
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “And so the whole district of Judea, and residents of Jerusalem from every walk of life, came out to him. And they were baptized by him in the Jordan river as they confessed their sins.”
Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 24:49:
Noongar: “And truly, I myself will send to you everything, all the things my Father has said. But you must wait in Jerusalem until the day when great power from above will come down on you.'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
Uma: “‘Listen well: I will send the Holy Spirit here to you, like my Father promised. But you must wait first in this town, until power from God come down here to make you strong.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “‘And I will send to you,’ he said, ‘what my Father God has promised. Therefore do not go away from this town Awrusalam as long as you have not been entered by the power from God.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And I will send here to you the Holy Spirit which was promised by my Father God, but you just stay here in the town of Jerusalem until the power which comes from Heaven has come upon you.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “Later I just the same will send what/the-one my Father promised so that he will descend to you. Wait then in Jerusalem until you receive this power from heaven.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “And I really will send the Espiritu Santo to come here who was promised by my Father. But you wait for him here in Jerusalem. Don’t leave here until you have been indwelled, that you have now received the far from ordinary means/ability which will come from God in heaven.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999): “I am sending down to you what my Father has promised you. Wait in the city until you can put on God’s power like armor, like a new shining garment.”
Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 6:22:
Uma: “‘Our (incl.) eye can be compared to a torch. If our (incl.) eye is good, our (incl.) sight/vision is clear.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “Our (dual) eyes are figuratively the lamp of our (dual) body. If our (dual) seeing is clear, that means, if our (dual) works are straight/righteous, our (dual) whole body is like light.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Our (dual) eye, it’s like a lamp here in our body, because if our seeing is bright, which is to say, if our activity is righteous, it is as if our whole body is illuminated.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “‘The eye is like the light of people. Therefore if your (sing.) sight/viewpoint is good, it is as if your (sing.) mind is thoroughly lighted.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “I’ll also add something else, that what is like a lamp for the body is the eye. If it has no defect, of course your (sing.) whole sight is clear.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Tenango Otomi: “When you open your eyes good, then you see the light. In like manner, if you open your understanding well, then you will know what is the good by which you must live.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
Amele: “Jisas told them another talk, ‘The light of your body (is) your eye. If your eye lies good then all your body lies with light.'” (Source: John Roberts in this article )
Martu Wangka: “If you think to sit true to the Father, as a result of that, you will sit happy.” (Source: Carl Gross)
German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999) verses 22 and 23: “The eye is light for the whole body. When the eye is clear, the whole body is brightly illuminated; when it is dim, the body is dark. If your own light does not dispel the darkness within you, how great is the darkness outside!”
Following are a number of back-translations of Philippians 4:4:
Uma: “Relatives, you must always be glad because you are connected with the Lord. Once more I say: continually make-glad your hearts.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “You should be always glad because you belong to Isa Almasi. I repeat what I said there. You should be glad.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “I say to you that you should continue rejoicing because of your being made one with the Lord, because it is good if your joy is always great.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “You ought to always be happy because of your being joined to the Lord. I again repeat to say that you should be happy.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “And well, that again, I keep repeating that you are always to be happy. Really be happy in your being united/tied-together with the Lord.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Tenango Otomi: “Always rejoice in that you walk with the Lord Jesus. Again I tell you, rejoice.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
Bariai: “You (pl.) must be happy always in your joining together with the Chief. I speak again like this: Be happy!” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
Mairasi: “Your liver must turn good [rejoice], because Above-One has united your liver with his. And again I will say: ‘You should/will be good livered [happy]!’” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)
German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999): “Be joyful at all times that you are connected with God and through him to each other. Let me repeat it: Be joyful!”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 9:49:
Uma: “According to the Law of Musa long ago, all food that is offered to God must be salted. So all every person must be made holy with suffering.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “Isa said yet, ‘All people have to pass through fire, that means through difficulties, in order that their trust becomes strong.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Every disciple of mine shall be prepared by means of salt and fire, which is to say, by means of hardship, so that his faith might be strenghtened.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “‘All people, they must experience difficulties so-that their behavior becomes-good, like the food that must be salted so-that it is delicious.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “It’s true, there are hardships which will be experienced by all, which cause improvement of their ways/nature. For like the action of salt and fire, these hardships remove whatever is not good or is worthless.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Shuar: “If a person wants to give a meat killed gift to God, he is to salt it that it be good. So also people will taste/experience suffering like fire so that their heart may be good.”
Mezquital Otomi: “The animals long ago, those that were burned as gifts for God, it was necessary that salt be put on them as God had commanded. Also, you all are like those animals which are burned, because it is necessary that you pass through bad happenings.”
Tlahuitoltepec Mixe: “All of God’s people are going to suffer here on earth and when they thus do they will result much better. Thus we will imagine it like an animal sacrifice comes out much better when it is sacrificed with salt.”
Usila Chinantec: “Everyone will be made good through suffering, which feels like fire. All offerings to God are acceptable to him when they are salted.”
Mopán Maya: “Thus it was. They put salt on the animals they burn before God. It is the same with someone who is believing/obeying me. He will have tribulation [meet pain] so that that man will become good before God,”
Totontepec Mixe: “Everyone will have hearts like good salt when they have suffered here. This suffering is like fire. . .”
Sierra de Juárez Zapotec: “Everyone is going to be tried with suffering in this world.” (Source for this and six above: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)
German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999): “This fire is as imperishable as salt. Everyone comes into contact with it. If it is not consumed, it is preserved.”
Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 9:31:
Uma: “So at that time, there was no-longer any fear/uneasiness of all the believers in the Lord Yesus in the land of Yudea, Galilea and Samaria. More-and-more people believed in Yesus and their faith grew stronger-and-stronger. Because they indeed submitted to the Lord God, and the Holy Spirit himself strengthened their hearts.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “So-then it was peaceful now for all the ones trusting in Isa throughout the land of Yahudiya and in Jalil and for those in the land of Samariya. They were helped by the Holy Spirit therefore the trust/faith of all of them became stronger and they also increased in number. They really reverenced God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then the situation of all the believers there in the province of Judea, Samaria, and Galilee became peaceful. Their faith was drawn tight. And since they always put first their respect for the Lord and because of the help which the Holy Spirit gave them they continued growing in number.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “That then being the case, the persecuting of believers in Jesus in the many-towns in Judea, Galilea and Samaria stopped. And they increased-in-number while-simultaneously their faith became-stronger-and-stronger on-account-of their esteeming/respecting the Lord and the help of the Holy Spirit.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “Well, at that time, there was no more trouble for the believers in all the places belonging to Judea, Galilea and Samaria. They were always being helped by the Espiritu Santo, that’s why their believing/obeying became sturdy, and in/through their lives they were honoring the Lord with fear. And through the help of the Espiritu Santo, their number increased and increased.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999): “A peaceful time was now beginning for the church throughout Judea, Galilee and Samaria. The fear of God determined the spiritual foundation and their entire behavior. The Holy Spirit assisted the church and it grew.”
