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Mark 9:14 - 29 in Mexican Sign Language
Following is the translation of Mark 9:14-29 into Mexican Sign Language with back-translations into Spanish and English underneath:
© La Biblia en LSM / La Palabra de Dios
Retrotraducciones en español (haga clic o pulse aquí)
Jesús les advirtió: “En el futuro cercano, los ancianos judíos, los líderes de los sacerdotes y los maestros de la Ley, que no creen en el Hijo del Hombre, lo rechazarán.
Los tres discípulos acordaron a guardar el secreto y Jesús bajó y los discípulos también bajaron. Dijeron uno al otro: “¿Qué significaría resucitar?” “No entiendo.” “Yo tampoco.”
Mientras caminaban pensaron de algo y dijeron: “Jesús, te preguntamos ¿porqué nos dicen los maestros de la Ley que primero vendrá Elías y después el Cristo?”
Jesús (respondió): “Esto es verdad, primero viene Elías para preparar las cosas para que estén listos cuando después viene el Cristo.
Pero ya ha venido Elúas y las personas eran en contra de él, y Elías ha sufrido exactamente como está escrito en el rollo.
En la misma manera el Hijo de Hombre sufrirá y las personas lo rechazarán.”
Jesús y los tres discípulos llegaron caminando y vieron un grupo de maestros de la Ley alrededor de los discípulos, y estaban discutiendo con ellos.
Muchas personas etsaban viendo y se volvieron a ver con sorpresa que Jesús había venido y todos fueron a él y lo saludaron, y Jesús los saludó (preguntando): “¿Qué pasó que están discutiendo?”
Un hombre vino diciendo: “Mi hijo no puede hablar porque tiene un demonio adentro de él. Muchas veces he visto que se cae en el suelo convulsionando, crujiendo sus dientes, con saliva en su cara.”
Ahorita traje my hijo buscando a Jesús, pero no estabas y ya dije a tus discípulos que expulsaran el demonio, pero no lo podían.
Un grupo de los maestros de la Ley vino y están discutiendolo, por eso.”
Jesús (dijo): “Ay, todas estas personas no creen nada. ¿Cómo voy a seguir más estar junto con ellos?, estoy cansado.
Que venga tu hijo.” Las personas ayudaron a recoger al joven.
El demonio adentro vio a Jesús “caray” y estaba revolcando en el suelo convulsionando con saliva en su cara.
Jesús miró hacia abajo y dijo: ¿Cuánto tiempo lo ha tenido?” (El hombre respondió): “Creciendo tenía lo mismo, antes mi hijo ha caído revolcando en el fuego y también ha caído en el agua y casi se hundió.
Yo lo veía muchas veces y descubrí que mi hijo tiene un demonio adentro, que quiere maltratarlo para que muere. Nosotros dos estamos sufriendo, por favor ten compasión, quizá puedes ayudarnos, por favor.”
Jesús (dijo): “¿Quizá puedo? No, tú cree que sí y se puede todo.”
(El hombre respondió): “Sí creo, pero aún tengo dudas en mi mente, ayudame a quitar las dudas.”
Jesús miró alrededor y vio una multitud de gente viniendo, miró al hombre revolcando en el suelo y regañó el demonio: “tú, que cierras su oído de modo que no puede hablar, ahorita te expulso, no lo entres otra vez, jamás.”
Dentro del joven que estaba revolcando en el suelo el domonio gritó y salió, y quedó acostado con sus ojos cerrados.
Las personas que lo vieren (dijeron): “El está muerto.” Pero Jesús lo tomó de la mano y se paró.
Después Jesús y los discípulos fueron a la casa y los discípulos preguntaron: “¿Porqué nosotros no podíamos expulsar el demonio, cómo es?”
Jesús (dijo): “Este demonio es muy fuerte, uds necesitan orar para poder expulsar un demonio, a uds les falta que no hacen oración, es por eso.”
Jesus and the three disciples walked on and arrived and saw a group of teachers of the Law standing around the disciples and they were arguing with them.
Many people were watching and they turned around and were surprised to see that Jesus had come, and they all went to him and greeted him and Jesus greeted them (asking): “What has happened that they are arguing?”
A man came up saying: “My son cannot speak because he has a demon inside him. Many times I have seen him fall in the floor, convulsing, gnashing his teeth with salive running down his face.”
“Just now I brought my son searching for Jesus but you were not there and I told your disciples to drive out the demon but they could not.
“A group of teachers of the Law came and they are arguing about it, that’s why.”
Jesus (said): “Oh no, all these people have no faith at all. How am I going to continue being with them? I am tired.
“Let your son come.” The people helped to bring the young man.
The demon inside saw Jesus “Oh no” and he lay writhing on the ground, convulsing and with saliva running down his face.
Jesus looked down and said: “How much time has he been like this?” (The man answered): “He has had this growing up, before now my son has fallen in the fire convulsing, and he also has fallen in water and almost drowned.
“I have watched him time and again and realized that my son has a demon inside him who wants to mistreat him so that he dies. Both of us are suffering, please take pity on us, maybe you can help us, please.”
Jesus (said): “Maybe I can? No, you need to believe and then everything is possible.”
(The man answered): “Yes I believe, but I still have doubts in my mind, help me and take away the doubts.”
Jesus looked around and saw a great multitude of people coming, he looked at the man writhing on the ground and told off the demon: “You who close his ears so that he cannot speak, I throw you out right now, and do not enter him ever again.”
From inside the young man who was writhing on the ground the demon screamed and went out of him and he lay on the ground with his eyes closed.
The people who saw it (said): “He is dead.” But Jesus took him by the hand and he got up.
Afterwards Jesus and the disciples went home and the disciples asked: “Why could we not throw out the demon, how is that?”
Jesus (said): “This demon is very strong, you need to pray in order to be able to throw out a demon, what’s lacking is that you don’t pray at all, that’s why.”
Source: La Biblia en LSM / La Palabra de Dios
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Mark 9:30-32 in Mexican Sign Language >>
Mark 9:14-29 in Russian Sign Language
Following is the translation of Mark 9:14-29 into Russian Sign Language with a back-translation underneath:
Source: Russian Bible Society / Российское Библейское Общество
After the transfiguration Jesus and the three disciples were walking back. There were other disciples waiting for them down below, and there was a large crowd of people, with the teachers of the law standing in the crowd. Jesus’ disciples and the teachers of the law were arguing with each other about something. When the crowd noticed Jesus, the people got excited and ran to meet him. Jesus asked:
— What are you arguing about?
One man stood up from the crowd and said:
— Teacher! A demon has possessed my son. The demon is shaking my son, and my son cannot hear or speak. The spirit is tormenting him, rolling him on the ground, my son’s mouth is foaming, he is gnashing his teeth, his whole body is shaken and frozen. Nothing helps. I asked your disciples to cast out the demon, but they could not.
Jesus looked at them and said:
— O people who have little faith! What shall I do with you? Bring me this boy.
The sick boy was brought to Jesus. When the demon saw Jesus, he shook the boy violently and threw him to the ground, foaming from his mouth.
Jesus asked the boy’s father:
— When did the demon take possession of him?
The father answered:
— A long time ago, since he was a child. The demon has been attacking my son and trying to kill him. Once he threw him into the fire. I barely had time to save him. Once he threw him into the water, I barely saved my son. If you can, please help me! Have mercy.
Jesus said:
— What do you mean “if you can”…? If one has faith, anything is possible.
The boy’s father cried out:
— I have faith! I have faith! If I don’t have enough faith, please help me!
Jesus said to the demon:
— Come out of him! And I forbid you to go back into him!
The demon screamed terribly and came out of the boy, and the boy remained motionless, as if dead. The people around him thought he was dead. But Jesus took the boy by the hand and lifted him up.
Afterward Jesus went into a house. Jesus’ disciples followed him. They began to ask Jesus:
— Teacher! How did you manage to cast out the demon? We tried, but it didn’t work.
Jesus replied:
— The only way to cast out this demon is through prayer!
Original Russian back-translation (click or tap here):
После преображения Иисус и три ученика возвращались обратно. Внизу их ждали другие ученики, а вокруг была большая толпа народа; в толпе стояли учителя закона. Ученики Иисуса и учителя закона о чем-то спорили друг с другом. Когда толпа заметила Иисуса, люди обрадовались, побежали к нему навстречу. Иисус спросил:
— О чем у вас спор?
Из народа встал один человек и сказал:
— Учитель! В моего сына вселился бес. Бес сотрясает моего сына, а мой сын не слышит и не может говорить. Дух мучает его, катает его по земле, изо рта у моего сына идет пена, он скрежещет зубами, все тело его сотрясается и цепенеет. Ничто не помогает. Я просил твоих учеников изгнать беса, но они не смогли.
Иисус посмотрел на них и сказал:
— О люди, у которых мало веры! Что же мне делать с вами? Принесите мне этого мальчика.
К Иисусу привели больного мальчика. Когда бес увидел Иисуса, он сильно затряс мальчика, повалил его на землю, изо рта его шла пена.
Иисус спросил отца мальчика:
— Когда бес вселился в него?
Отец ответил:
— Давно, с самого его детства. Бес нападает на моего сына и пытается его погубить. Однажды бросил его в огонь. Я едва успел его спасти. Однажды бросил его в воду, я едва успел спасти сына. Если ты только можешь, прошу, помоги! Смилуйся.
Иисус сказал:
— Что значите «если можешь»?… Если у человека есть вера, то возможно все.
Отец мальчика закричал:
— Я верую! верую! Если мало у меня веры, прошу, помоги!
Иисус сказал бесу:
— Выйди из него! И запрещаю тебе возвращаться в него обратно!
Бес страшно закричал и вышел из мальчика, а мальчик остался лежать неподвижно, словно мертвый. Люди вокруг решили, что он умер. Но Иисус взял мальчика за руку и поднял его.
После этого Иисус вошел в один дом. Ученики Иисуса последовали за ним. Они стали спрашивать Иисуса:
— Учитель! Как тебе удалось изгнать беса? Мы пытались, но у нас ничего не получилось.
Иисус ответил:
— Этого беса можно изгнать только одним — молитвой!
Back-translation by Luka Manevich
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Mark 9:30-32 in Russian Sign Language >>
complete verse (Mark 9:15)
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 9:15:
- Uma: “The many people saw, there was Yesus coming. As soon as they saw him, they were amazed / startled. Off they ran to meet him.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “So-then when the crowds saw Isa, they were-astonished/wondered because they had not expected that Isa would go there. They ran to greet him.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “When the people saw that Jesus had come, they were very much amazed because not expecting Jesus and they quickly went up to meet him.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “When the many-people saw Jesus, they were very surprised, and they ran to where he was and greeted him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tagbanwa: “It’s like the people were startled when they saw Jesus. They ran to meet him and give-greeting.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
pronoun for "God"
God transcends gender, but most languages are limited to grammatical gender expressed in pronouns. In the case of English, this is traditionally confined to “he” (or in the forms “his,” “him,” and “himself”), “she” (and “her,” “hers,” and “herself”), and “it” (and “its” and “itself”).
Modern Mandarin Chinese, however, offers another possibility. Here, the third-person singular pronoun is always pronounced the same (tā), but it is written differently according to its gender (他 is “he,” 她 is “she,” and 它/牠 is “it” and their respective derivative forms). In each of these characters, the first (or upper) part defines the gender (man, woman, or thing/animal), while the second element gives the clue to its pronunciation.
In 1930, after a full century with dozens of Chinese translations, Bible translator Wang Yuande (王元德) coined a new “godly” pronoun: 祂. Chinese readers immediately knew how to pronounce it: tā. But they also recognized that the first part of that character, signifying something spiritual, clarified that each person of the Trinity has no gender aside from being God.
While the most important Protestant and Catholic Chinese versions respectively have opted not to use 祂, some Bible translations do and it is widely used in hymnals and other Christian materials. Among the translations that use 祂 to refer to “God” were early versions of Lü Zhenzhong’s (呂振中) version (New Testament: 1946, complete Bible: 1970). R.P. Kramers (in The Bible Translator 1956, p. 152ff. ) explains why later versions of Lü’s translation did not continue with this practice: “This new way of writing ‘He,’ however, has created a minor problem of its own: must this polite form be used whenever Jesus is referred to? Lü follows the rule that, wherever Jesus is referred to as a human being, the normal ta (他) is written; where he is referred to as divine, especially after the ascension, the reverential ta (祂) is used.”
In Kouya, Godié, Northern Grebo, Eastern Krahn, Western Krahn, and Guiberoua Béte, all languages of the Kru family in Western Africa, a different kind of systems of pronouns is used (click or tap here to read more):
In that system one kind of pronoun is used for humans (male and female alike) and one for natural elements, non-liquid masses, and some spiritual entities (one other is used for large animals and another one for miscellaneous items). While in these languages the pronoun for spiritual entities used to be employed when referring to God, this has changed into the use of the human pronoun.
Lynell Zogbo (in The Bible Translator 1989, p. 401ff. ) explains in the following way: “From informal discussions with young Christians especially, it would appear that, at least for some people, the experience and/or concepts of Christianity are affecting the choice of pronoun for God. Some people explain that God is no longer ‘far away,’ but is somehow tangible and personal. For these speakers God has shifted over into the human category.”
In Kouya, God (the Father) and Jesus are referred to with the human pronoun ɔ, whereas the Holy Spirit is referred to with a non-human pronoun. (Northern Grebo and Western Krahn make a similar distinction.)
Eddie Arthur, a former Kouya Bible translation consultant, says the following: “We tried to insist that this shouldn’t happen, but the Kouya team members were insistent that the human pronoun for the Spirit would not work.”
In Burmese, the pronoun ko taw (ကိုယ်တော်) is used either as 2nd person (you) or 3rd person (he, him, his) reference. “This term clearly has its root in the religious language in Burmese. No ordinary persons are addressed or known by this pronoun because it is reserved for Buddhist monks, famous religious teachers, and in the case of Christianity, the Trinity.” (Source: Gam Seng Shae in <em>The Bible Translator 2002, p. 202ff. )
In Thai, the pronoun phra`ong (พระองค์) is used, a gender-neutral pronoun which must refer to a previously introduced royal or divine being. Similarly, in Northern Khmer, which is spoken in Thailand, “an honorific divine pronoun” is used for the pronoun referring to the persons of the Trinity (source: David Thomas in The Bible Translator 1993, p. 445 ). In Urak Lawoi’, another language spoken in Thailand, the translation often uses tuhat (ตูฮัด) — “God” — ”as a divine pronoun where Thai has phra’ong even though it’s actually a noun.” (Source for Thai and Urak Lawoi’: Stephen Pattemore)
The English “Contemporary Torah” addresses the question of God and gendered pronouns by mostly avoiding pronouns in the first five books of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament (unless God is referred to as “lord,” “father,” “king,” or “warrior”). It does that by either using passive constructs (“He gave us” vs. “we were given”), by using the adjective “divine” or by using “God” rather than a pronoun.
Some Protestant English Bibles use a referential capitalized spelling when referring to the persons of the Trinity with “He,” “His,” “Him,” or “Himself.” This includes for instance the New American Standard Bible, but most translations, especially those published in the 21st century, do not. Two other languages where this is also done (in most Bible translations) are the closely related Indonesian and Malay. In both languages this follows the language usage according to the Qur’an, which in turn predicts that usage (see Soesilo in The Bible Translator 1991, p. 442ff. and The Bible Translator 1997, p. 433ff. ).
See also first person pronoun referring to God.
Learn more on Bible Odyssey: Gender of God .
Translation: Chinese
在现代汉语中，第三人称单数代词的读音都是一样的（tā），但是写法并不一样，取决于性别以及是否有生命，即男性为“他”，女性为“她”，动物、植物和无生命事物为“它”（在香港和台湾的汉语使用，动物则为“牠”）。这些字的部首偏旁表明了性别（男人、女人、动物、无生命事物），而另一偏旁通常旁提示发音。
到1930年为止，基督教新教《圣经》经过整整一百年的翻译已经拥有了十几个译本，当时的一位圣经翻译者王元德新造了一个“神圣的”代词“祂”，偏旁“礻”表示神明。一般汉语读者会立即知道这字的发音是tā，而这个偏旁表示属灵的事物，因此他们明白这个字指出，三位一体的所有位格都没有性别之分，而单单是上帝。
然而，最重要的新教圣经译本（1919年的《和合本》）和天主教圣经译本（1968年的《思高圣经》）都没有采用“祂”；虽然如此，许多其他的圣经译本采用了这个字，另外还广泛出现在赞美诗和其他基督信仰的书刊中。（资料来源：Zetzsche）
《吕振中译本》的几个早期版本也使用“祂”来指称“上帝”；这个译本的《新约》于1946年译成，整部《圣经》于1970年完成。克拉默斯（Kramers）指出：“‘他’的这种新写法（即‘祂’）产生了一个小问题，就是在指称耶稣的时候，是否一律使用这个敬语代词？《吕振中译本》遵循的原则是，在称呼耶稣这个人的时候，用一般的‘他’，而在称呼耶稣神性的时候，特别是升天之后的耶稣，则用尊称‘祂’。”
Translator: Simon Wong
Translation commentary on Mark 9:15
Exegesis:
exethambēthēsan (14.33; 16.5, 6) ‘they were amazed’: there are differences of opinion on what is the exact significance of the word here. Arndt & Gingrich take it to mean ‘they were alarmed’; Lagrange ‘very surprised’; Gould ‘joyous surprise.’ It would appear that the context indicates surprise at the unexpected appearance of Jesus: the idea of fear would not fit in very well with their immediate reaction in running up to him and greeting him.
prostrechontes (10.17; cf. suntrechō 6.33; trechō 5.6) ‘running to.’
ēspazonto (15.18) ‘they greeted,’ ‘they welcomed’: the imperfect tense aptly indicates the action of the people as they came to Jesus and greeted him in turn.
Translation:
One should not attempt to reproduce the rather awkward syntax of the English construction immediately all the crowd, when they saw him, were greatly amazed. A much more usual expression would be ‘right then when the crowd saw him, they were amazed and ran….’
Words which designate greeting are quite varied, depending upon local usage. For example, among some of the Nilotic people of the Sudan the regular expression is ‘to meet snapping fingers’; among the Ekari of New Guinea one says ‘they grasped fingers.’ Among the San Blas Kuna ‘they shook hands.’ One may legitimately ask if this would be the way a crowd would behave. Actually, that is not the right question to ask, for the actual behavior of a crowd is not the point; what matters is how the people describe the action of a crowd which greets a visitor. Whether or not each member of the crowd personally salutes (i.e. snaps fingers, shakes hands, grasps fingers, or rubs noses with the guest) is not what counts. What is important is how such people regularly speak of the behavior of such a crowd. Even though the people may not actually shake his hand, nevertheless the standard idiom for greeting may be ‘they shook his hand.’ In Tzotzil, for example, one must translate as ‘they spoke to him,’ for this is the way to formalize greetings, which are of two types: (1) ‘Are you still alive?,’ a question invariably asked if a person has been gone for more than two weeks, and (2) ‘Are you really there?’ the normal greeting to anyone who has made a shorter trip. The problem then is not what the people actually do or are likely to do in such circumstances, but the ways in which people speak about such actions.
Quoted with permission from Bratcher, Robert G. and Nida, Eugene A. A Handbook on the Gospel of Mark. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1961. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .
SIL Translator's Notes on Mark 9:15
9:15a–c
As soon as all the people saw Jesus, they were filled with awe: Verse 9:15a–c indicates that the people were very surprised when they saw Jesus.
Here are some other ways to translate this:
When the whole crowd saw him, they were immediately overcome with awe (New Revised Standard Version)
-or-
The whole crowd saw Jesus, and they were immediately amazed.
As soon as: The Greek word that the Berean Standard Bible translates as As soon as indicates that the reaction of the crowd was the next event that happened. In some languages the meaning of “as soon as” or “immediately” may be left implied. For example, the God’s Word says:
All the people were very surprised to see Jesus
Translate this idea in a way that is natural in your language.
they were filled with awe: The Greek verb that the Berean Standard Bible translates as they were filled with awe indicates a strong reaction. The reaction can be positive or negative. It depends on the context. (Elsewhere in Mark this Greek verb is used to refer to sorrow (14:34a) and alarm/fear (16:5d). A different form of the same verb is used in 1:27a to refer to shock or amazement.)
In this context, this verb probably refers to great surprise or amazement. The people were surprised or amazed because they did not expect to see Jesus right then. This verb may also refer to a feeling of amazement. The people were perhaps amazed because Jesus’ face or clothes were still shining faintly. Mark did not say why the people were surprised or awed. So you should not make explicit the reason for their reaction.
Here are some other ways to translate this verb:
were greatly surprised (Good News Bible)
-or-
were overcome with awe (Revised English Bible)
-or-
were struck with amazement (New Jerusalem Bible)
-or-
were filled/overcome with surprise and awe
In some languages it may be natural to use a metaphor or idiom to express great surprise or awe.
ran to greet Him: The people ran to Jesus in order to greet him. They wanted to greet him by speaking words of welcome. In some languages it may not be natural to say that a crowd of people ran. If that is true in your language, you may use a more general word. For example, the Contemporary English Version says:
everyone hurried over to greet him
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