desert / wilderness

The Greek, Hebrew, Ge’ez, and Latin that is translated as “desert” or “wilderness” in English is translated in a number of ways:

  • Mairasi: “a place where noisiness is cut off (or: stops)” (source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Muna: pandaso bhalano pr “big barren-field” (source: René van den Berg)
  • Wantoat: “cold windy place where no one lives” (source: John Beekman in Notes on Translation, March 1965, p. 2-20)
  • Balinese: “barren field” (source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
  • Wantoat: “uninhabited place” (source: Holzhausen 1991, p. 38)
  • Umiray Dumaget Agta: “where no people dwell” (source: Larson 1998, p. 98)
  • Shipibo-Conibo: “where no house is” (source: James Lauriault in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 32ff. )
  • Amri Karbi: “waterless region/place” (source: Philippova 2021, p. 368)
  • Ocotlán Zapotec: “large empty place” (source: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)
  • Pa’o Karen: “jungle” (denoting a place without any towns, villages and tilled fields) (source: Gordon Luce in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 153f. )
  • Low German translation by Johannes Jessen, publ. 1933, republ. 2006: “steppe”
  • Yakan: “the lonely place” (source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “a land where no people lived” (source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “the place with no inhabitants” (source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Cherokee: inage or “far away downstream” (source: Bender / Belt 2025, p. 16)
  • Matumbi uses various term: lubele (desert, sandy place without water) — used in John 11:54, lupu’ngu’ti (a place where no people live, can be a scrub land, a forest, or a savanna) — used in Mark 1:3 et al.), and mwitu (a forest, a place where wild animals live) — used in Mark 1:13 et al.) (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific notes in Paratext)
  • Chichewa Contemporary translation (2002/2016): chipululu: a place uninhabited by people with thick forest and bush (source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)
  • Adioukrou: loj or “savannah” — “land that is not village, nor forest, nor field (source: Hill 2006)

Note that in Luke 15:4, usually a term is used that denotes pastoral land, such as “eating/grazing-place,” in Tagbanwa (source: Tagbanwa Back Translation).

See also wilderness and desolate wilderness.

Joshua

The name that is transliterated as “Joshua” in English means “YHWH is salvation.” (Source: Cornwall / Smith 1997 )

It is translated in Swiss-German Sign Language with a sign that depicts a trumpet of rams’ horn, referring to Joshua 6:4 and following.


“Joshua” in Swiss-German Sign Language, source: DSGS-Lexikon biblischer Begriffe , © CGG Schweiz

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .

Learn more on Bible Odyssey: Joshua .

complete verse (Joshua 8:15)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Joshua 8:15:

  • Kupsabiny: “And when those people fought with Joshua and the people of Israel, Joshua and company fled towards a desert pretending that they had been defeated.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Joshua and all the Israelites went running toward the wilderness as if they were escaping before them.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Josue and his men pretended that they were-defeated and as-if-pretended-to-flee going-toward the desolate-place.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Joshua and the Israeli soldiers who were with him allowed the army of Ai to push them back. They ran toward the desert.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on Joshua 8:15

Joshua and his men pretended that they were retreating is literally “Joshua and all Israel were beaten (defeated) before them”; in the context it means that “they pretended they were beaten” (see Revised Standard Version).

The barren country is the land between Ai and the Jordan Valley. One may translate “in the direction of the Jordan Valley.”

Quoted with permission from Bratcher, Robert G. and Newman, Barclay M. A Handbook on Joshua. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1983. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .

SIL Translator’s Notes on Joshua 8:15

8:15a

The Hebrew connector that the Berean Standard Bible leaves untranslated but many English versions translate as “And” indicates the next event in the story.

Joshua and all Israel let themselves be beaten back before them: Joshua and the Israelite soldiers pretended that the soldiers of Ai were winning the battle by running away from them.

all Israel: The phrase all Israel refers to the Israelite soldiers.

8:15b

and they fled toward the wilderness: The word fled means “ran away.” The Israelite soldiers ran away towards the wilderness.

the wilderness: The wilderness refers to the uninhabited land east of Ai, between Ai and the Jordan River valley. Only a little vegetation grows in this area. Although some English versions use the word “desert,” this area is not sand. It is a rocky area that leads down to the Jordan River valley.

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