desert / wilderness

The Greek, Hebrew, Ge’ez, and Latin that is translated as “desert” or “wilderness” in English is translated in a number of ways:

  • Mairasi: “a place where noisiness is cut off (or: stops)” (source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Muna: pandaso bhalano pr “big barren-field” (source: René van den Berg)
  • Wantoat: “cold windy place where no one lives” (source: John Beekman in Notes on Translation, March 1965, p. 2-20)
  • Balinese: “barren field” (source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
  • Wantoat: “uninhabited place” (source: Holzhausen 1991, p. 38)
  • Umiray Dumaget Agta: “where no people dwell” (source: Larson 1998, p. 98)
  • Shipibo-Conibo: “where no house is” (source: James Lauriault in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 32ff. )
  • Amri Karbi: “waterless region/place” (source: Philippova 2021, p. 368)
  • Ocotlán Zapotec: “large empty place” (source: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)
  • Pa’o Karen: “jungle” (denoting a place without any towns, villages and tilled fields) (source: Gordon Luce in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 153f. )
  • Low German translation by Johannes Jessen, publ. 1933, republ. 2006: “steppe”
  • Yakan: “the lonely place” (source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “a land where no people lived” (source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “the place with no inhabitants” (source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Cherokee: inage or “far away downstream” (source: Bender / Belt 2025, p. 16)
  • Matumbi uses various term: lubele (desert, sandy place without water) — used in John 11:54, lupu’ngu’ti (a place where no people live, can be a scrub land, a forest, or a savanna) — used in Mark 1:3 et al.), and mwitu (a forest, a place where wild animals live) — used in Mark 1:13 et al.) (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific notes in Paratext)
  • Chichewa Contemporary translation (2002/2016): chipululu: a place uninhabited by people with thick forest and bush (source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)
  • Adioukrou: loj or “savannah” — “land that is not village, nor forest, nor field (source: Hill 2006)
  • Morelos Nahuatl: “where nobody lives”
  • Isthmus Mixe: “dry country” (source for this and one above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

Note that in Luke 15:4, usually a term is used that denotes pastoral land, such as “eating/grazing-place,” in Tagbanwa (source: Tagbanwa Back Translation).

See also wilderness and desolate wilderness.

complete verse (Joshua 15:61)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Joshua 15:61:

  • Kupsabiny: “And those that were in the wilderness were Beth-arabah, Middin, Sekakah,” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “These were the cities of the wilderness —
    Beth-Arabah, Middin, Secacah,” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “The towns/cities in the desert: Bet Araba, Midin, Secaca,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The tribe of Judah was also allotted these towns in the desert near the Dead Sea: Beth-Arabah, Middin, Secacah,” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on Joshua 15:61 - 15:62

ELEVENTH (TWELFTH) DISTRICT: cities in the arid region of the eastern slopes, which reached down to the Jordan Valley. Engedi was about halfway down the length of the Dead Sea, on its west bank.

Quoted with permission from Bratcher, Robert G. and Newman, Barclay M. A Handbook on Joshua. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 1983. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .

SIL Translator’s Notes on Joshua 15:61

Paragraph: 15:61-62

This paragraph is a list of towns in the wilderness that were given to the tribe of Judah.

15:61

These were in the wilderness: Beth-arabah, Middin, Secacah: The phrase the wilderness refers to the area near the Dead Sea, on its west side. This was a desert area.

Here are some other ways to translate this part of the verse:

The towns in the wilderness were Beth-arabah, Middin, Secacah,
-or-
The people of Judah also received towns in the wilderness ⌊near the Dead Sea⌋ . These were Beth-arabah, Middin, Secacah,

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