gentiles / nations

The Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Latin that is often translated as “gentiles” (or “nations”) in English is often translated as a “local equivalent of ‘foreigners,'” such as “the people of other lands” (Guerrero Amuzgo), “people of other towns” (Tzeltal), “people of other languages” (San Miguel El Grande Mixtec), “strange peoples” (Navajo (Dinė) (this and above, see Bratcher / Nida), “outsiders” (Ekari), “people of foreign lands” (Kannada), “non-Jews” (North Alaskan Inupiatun), “people being-in-darkness” (a figurative expression for people lacking cultural or religious insight) (Toraja-Sa’dan) (source for this and three above Reiling / Swellengrebel), “from different places all people” (Martu Wangka) (source: Carl Gross).

Tzeltal translates it as “people in all different towns,” Chicahuaxtla Triqui as “the people who live all over the world,” Highland Totonac as “all the outsider people,” Sayula Popoluca as “(people) in every land” (source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.), Chichimeca-Jonaz as “foreign people who are not Jews,” Sierra de Juárez Zapotec as “people of other nations” (source of this and one above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.), Highland Totonac as “outsider people” (source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.), Uma as “people who are not the descendants of Israel” (source: Uma Back Translation), “other ethnic groups” (source: Newari Back Translation), and Yakan as “the other tribes” (source: Yakan Back Translation).

In Chichewa, it is translated with mitundu or “races.” (Source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)

See also nations.

complete verse (Deuteronomy 28:50)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Deuteronomy 28:50:

  • Kupsabiny: “Those foreigners will be looking fierce. Those foreigners have no pity on old people/elders and have no mercy on young people.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Their faces look dreadful. They have no respect for old men and old women, and no compassion on children.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They are fierce and without mercy/pity to the old ones and children.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “They will be fierce looking. They will not act mercifully toward anyone, not even young children and old people.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on Deuteronomy 28:50

A nation of stern countenance: these foreigners are fierce-looking (New Revised Standard Version “grim-faced,” New Jerusalem Bible “grim of face”). In other words “They are merciless,” “ruthless” (Good News Translation), or “won’t show mercy” (Contemporary English Version).

Not regard the person of the old or show favor to the young: they show no respect for anyone; they have pity on no one.

Quoted with permission from Bratcher, Robert G. and Hatton, Howard A. A Handbook on Deuteronomy. (UBS Helps for Translators). New York: UBS, 2000. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .