they know not what they do

The now commonly-used English idiom “they know not what they do” (meaning not to be be angry at others for doing something bad if they are ignorant) was first coined in 1560 in the Geneva Bible. (Source: Crystal 2010, p. 277)

In Russian, this phrase (ибо не знают, что делают — ibo ne znayut, chto delayut) is also widely used as an idiom. The wording of the quote originated in the Russian Synodal Bible (publ. 1876). (Source: Reznikov 2020, p. 70)

For other idioms in English that were coined by Bible translation, see here.

copper coins / mites

The now commonly-used German idiom sein Scherflein beitragen (literally “to contribute ones part of a mite”), which today is used with the meaning “to contribute ones share,” originates in the 1522 German New Testament translation by Martin Luther. A Scherflein was the smallest possible coin value which n medieval Germany was created by physically cutting the smallest coin into pieces. (Source: Günther 2017, p. 107)

Likewise in Russian, the phrase внести свою лепту (vnesti svoyu leptu) or “contribute one’s mite” is widely used as an idiom, despite the archaic word for “mite. The wording of the quote originated in the Russian Synodal Bible (publ. 1876). (Source: Reznikov 2020, p. 106ff.)

For other idioms or terms in German that were coined by Bible translation, see here.

for whatsoever a man soweth𖺗 that shall he also reap

In Russian, the phrase Что посеет человек, то и пожнет (Chto poseyet chelovek, to i pozhnet) or “whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap” is widely used as an idiom in every-day life. The wording of the quote originated in the Russian Synodal Bible (publ. 1876). (Source: Reznikov 2020, p. 93)

sheep's clothing

The now commonly-used English idiom “sheep’s clothing” (meaning a person pretending to be harmless) was made popular in 1526 in the English New Testament translation of William Tyndale. (Source: Crystal 2010, p. 280)

In Russian, this phrase (Если слепой ведет слепого — Yesli slepoy vedet slepogo) is also widely used as an idiom. The wording of the quote originated in the Russian Synodal Bible (publ. 1876). (Source: Reznikov 2020, p. 12)

In Latvian, the phrase vilks avju drēbēs or “wolf in sheep’s clothing” has become part of the standard lexicon, going back to the 1682 New Testament translation by Ernst Glück (source: Pēteris Vanags in Glück’s landmark translation of the Bible into Latvian ).

thirty pieces of silver

In Russian, the phrase тридцать сребренников (tridtsat’ srebrennikov) or “thirty pierces of silver” is widely used as an idiom for abandoning a principle is exchange for cash in every-day life. The wording of the quote originated in the Russian Synodal Bible (publ. 1876). (Source: Reznikov 2020, p. 99)

led as a sheep to the slaughter

The now commonly-used English idiom “led as a sheep (or: lamb) to the slaughter” (meaning doing something without knowing that something bad is going to happen and therefore act calmly) was first coined in 1560 in the Geneva Bible. (Source: Crystal 2010, p. 282)

In Russian, this phrase (овца на заклание — ovtsa na zaklaniye) is also widely used as an idiom in every-day life. The wording of the quote originated in the Russian Synodal Bible (publ. 1876). (Source: Reznikov 2020, p. 97)

For other idioms in English that were coined by Bible translation, see here.

complete verse (Matt. 7:3 / Luke 6:41)

The Greek that is translated in English as “Why do you see the speck in your neighbor’s eye, but do not notice the log in your own eye?” or similar is translated in Uma with an existing figure of speech: “Why do we stare at the sleep in another’s eye, yet the piece of wood that is in our own eye we don’t know it’s there!” (Source: Kroneman 2004, p. 501)

In Una, it had to be translated with a more explicit translation because “a more literal and shorter version of this verse had led to major misunderstanding or zero understanding.” It’s back-translation says: “You (pl.) are doing very evil things, but you think, ‘We do not do evil things’. But, regarding other people who do not do very evil things, you think, ‘They are doing evil things, for shame’. As for the very big thorn that broke off and entered your eyes, you think, ‘There is no big thorn that entered my eye’, but with regard to the very small piece of wood dust that might have entered someone else’s eye, why would you say, ‘A piece of wood dust has entered his eye?’ That is not appropriate.” (Source: Dick Kronemann)

In Uripiv it is translated as “How is it you see the fowl dropping stuck on the bottom of your brother’s foot, but you can’t see the cow-pat you have stood on? … You could stand on his foot by mistake and make it dirtier!” (Ross McKerras remarked about this translation: “Our village father laughed when he heard this, which was the right reaction.”)

In Dan, “in one’s eye” can be very offensive in some dialects, so it was changed to “speck on your brother’s face” and “log on your own face.” (Source: Don Slager)

In Russian, this verse is also widely-used as an idiom in the wording of the Russian Synodal Bible (publ. 1876). (Source: Reznikov 2020, p. 46)

Other back-translations include:

  • Noongar: “Why do you see the speck in your brother’s eye, but you do not see the log in your own eye?” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Yakan: “You who puts down his companion,’ said Isa, ‘why do you notice a speck (lit. of sawdust) in the eye of your companion but you, the tree trunk in your own eye you don’t notice.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And again Jesus spoke, ‘You who are always rebuking your companions, why do you rebuke the sin of your companion which is just like a speck that got into his eye. But you — you have a sin which is as big as a log, which has blinded your eye, and you pay no attention to it.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘Why do you (sing.) notice the small bit-of-eye-discharge (as when waking up) in the eye of your (sing.) fellow, and you (sing.) don’t notice the large bit-of-eye-discharge in your (sing.) eye?” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “I don’t know why, when someone else has a foreign-body-in-the-eye which is only dust, that is what you (sing.) keep looking for. But when your own foreign-body-in-the-eye is wedged across your eye (implies too big to go in), you just leave it alone.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

crumbs from the table

In Russian, the phrase крохи co стола (krokhi co stola) or “crumbs from the table” is widely used as an idiom for receiving only left-overs or very little. The wording of the quote originated in the Russian Synodal Bible (publ. 1876). (Source: Reznikov 2020, p. 103f.)