The Hebrew that is translated as “hair” in English (relating to body hair is translated in Kwere as upipi — a word indicating small hairs. In Makonde, there is also a differentiation between body and head hair with the former being the same than animal hair. (source for both: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
(Pioneer Bible Translators and The Word for the World use the following introduction in many of their translation projects around the world.)
The book of Job is about a righteous man named Job who suffered greatly, and yet he did not sin by blaming God (Job 1:22). No one knows who wrote the book of Job or when it was written, but it’s possible that Job lived around the time of the patriarchs like Abraham, because he lived to the age of 140 years. Scholars do not think that Job wrote the book himself. Another unknown author thought that it would be good to share Job’s story and wrote it down.
The book of Job is about suffering. Satan was allowed to make Job suffer because he thought that this would cause Job to stop worshiping God (Job 1:11). Most of the book of Job tells the conversation that Job had with his friends about why he was suffering. Job’s friends believed that he was suffering because of some sin that he had committed, but Job believed that he was innocent. After this, God speaks to Job, but never tells him why he had to suffer so badly. After Job recognized that God can do everything he wants and that a human being cannot understand the wonderful deeds of God, he is blessed by God again with many possessions and children.
Outline of Job:
1. Chapters 1 and 2 describe the events that led to Job’s suffering that was caused by Satan.
2. Chapters 3 through 37 tell the conversation that Job had with his friends about his suffering.
3. In chapters 38 through 42:6 God speaks to Job and Job answers.
4. Chapter 42:7-17 tells about the rest of Job’s life and how much God blessed him in the end.
Le livre de Job traite d’un homme droit, du nom de Job, qui a beaucoup souffert mais qui n’a pas péché contre Dieu en l’accusant. Personne ne sait qui a écrit le livre de Job ni quand il a été écrit mais il est possible que Job vivait à la même époque que les patriarches comme Abraham puisqu’il a vécu jusqu’à l’âge de 140 ans. Les experts doutent que Job ait écrit le livre lui-même. Ils pensent plutôt qu’un autre auteur inconnu aurait décidé qu’il serait bien de partager l’histoire de Job et que c’est ce dernier qui l’aurait écrite.
Le livre de Job traite de la souffrance. Satan a été autorisé à faire souffrir Job parce qu’il pensait que cela amènerait Job à cesser de louer Dieu. (Job 1.11). La plus grande partie du livre de Job raconte la conversation entre Job et ses amis sur les causes de sa souffrance. Les amis de Job croyaient qu’il souffrait à cause d’un péché qu’il aurait commis, mais Job était convaincu qu’il était innocent. Par la suite Dieu a parlé à Job mais il ne lui a jamais expliqué pourquoi celui-ci a dû tellement souffrir. Une fois que Job a reconnu que Dieu peut faire tout ce qu’il veut et qu’un être humain ne peut comprendre les actes merveilleux de Dieu, il a de nouveau reçu la bénédiction de Dieu avec plein de possessions et d’enfants.
Résumé de Job
1. Les chapitres 1 et 2 décrivent les évènements qui ont amené à la souffrance de Job provoquée par Satan.
2. Les chapitres 3 à 37 racontent la conversation entre Job et ses amis à propos de sa souffrance.
3. Du chapitre 38 jusqu’au chapitre 42.6 Dieu parle à Job et Job lui répond.
4. Le chapitre 42.7-17 raconte la suite de la vie de Job et jusqu’à quel point Dieu l’a finalement béni.
Translation: Swahili
Utangulizi wa Ayubu
Kitabu cha Ayubu kinasimulia habari za mtu aliyekuwa mcha Mungu na mtu mwenye haki aliyepata mateso makubwa; lakini mtu huyo hakumtenda Mungu dhambi kwa kumlaumu (1:22). Hakuna yeyote ajuaye ni nani hasa aliyekiandika kitabu cha Ayubu, au ni wakati gani hasa kilipoandikwa. Hata hivyo inawezekana kwamba Ayubu aliishi katika kipindi cha waasisi wa taifa la Israeli, kwa mfano Abrahamu, kwa kuwa umri wa Ayubu ulifikia miaka 140. Wanazuoni au wasomi wa mambo ya kibiblia hawafikiri kwamba Ayubu ndiye aliyekiandika kitabu hicho. Yaelekea kwamba mtu mwingine asiyejulikana aliona vyema kuwashirikisha wengine simulizi hiyo, na kwa sababu hiyo akaiandika.
Kitabu cha Ayubu kinahusu mateso. Shetani aliruhusiwa ampe Ayubu mateso kwa kuwa yeye alidhani kwamba hilo litamfanya Ayubu aache kumwabudu Mungu (1:11). Sehemu kubwa ya kitabu cha Ayubu imesheheni majibizano kati ya Ayubu na rafiki zake walioshindana kwa hoja zilizolenga kuibua kiini cha Ayubu kuteseka hivyo. Marafiki wa Ayubu waliamini kwamba Ayubu alikuwa mtu asiye na hatia. Baada ya mabishano hayo Mungu anazungumza na Ayubu, lakini Mungu mwenyewe kamwe hamwambii Ayubu ni kwa nini ameteseka vibaya, na kwa kiasi hicho. Baada ya Ayubu kutambua kwamba Mungu aweza kutenda kila apendalo, na kwamba mwanadamu hawezi kuyaelewa matendo ya Mungu yashangazayo, anabarikiwa na Mungu kwa kupewa mali nyingi, na uzao wa watoto.
Muhtasari wa Yaliyomo:
1. Sura ya 1 na 2 zinaelezea matukio yaliyompelekea Ayubu kupata mateso makubwa yaliyosababishwa na Shetani.
2. Sura ya 3 hadi ya 37 zinasimulia mazungumzo yaliyoendelea kati ya Ayubu na rafiki zake kuhusiana na mateso yake.
3. Katika sura ya 38 hadi 42:6 Mungu anazungumza na Ayubu, na Ayubu anamjibu Mungu.
4. Katika sura 42:7-17 tunapewa yale yaliyosalia katika simulizi hii, na jinsi Mungu alivyombariki Ayubu mwishowe.
(Pioneer Bible Translators and The Word for the World use the following introduction in many of their translation projects around the world.)
The letter to the Ephesians was written around the same time as the letter to the Colossians 60 years after the birth of Christ. The writer identifies himself as the Apostle Paul (1:1). Most scholars agree that Paul wrote Ephesians even though it lacks the kinds of personal greetings found in Colossians. For this reason it may have been intended to be circulated among several churches in the province. Paul also mentions that he was in prison when he wrote the letter (3:1, 4:1, and 6:20). Paul sent the letter with Tychicus on his journey to visit the church in Ephesus (6:21–22).
Ephesus was a very large city and the Roman capital for the province of Asia Minor. Ephesus was famous for its temple dedicated to the Greek goddess Artemis (Acts 19:23–31). The church of Ephesus had a strong start but later became complacent (Rev 2:1–7).
Paul explains in the first half of this letter how God has chosen His people and saved them from their sins through Jesus Christ. He compares the church to a body with Christ as the head and as a building with Christ as the chief cornerstone. In the second half of the book Paul gives instructions for Christian living.
Outline
1. In chapter 1:1-2 Paul introduces himself and greets the Ephesians.
2. Then he explains the church’s relationship with Christ (1:3-3:21).
3. Then Paul writes the way Christians should live (4:1-6:20).
4. Finally Paul gives some closing comments (6:21-24).
La lettre aux Ephésiens a été écrite à peu près en même temps que la lettre aux Colossiens 60 ans après la naissance de Christ. L’auteur s’identifie comme l’apôtre Paul (1 : 1). La plupart des experts sont d’accord que Paul a écrit Ephésiens bien qu’il manque le genre de salutations personnelles qu’on trouve dans Colossiens. Pour cette raison il se peut qu’elle ait été destinée à être diffusée parmi plusieurs églises dans la province. Paul mentionne aussi qu’il était en prison quand il a écrit la lettre (3 : 1, 4 : 1, et 6 : 20). Paul a envoyé la lettre par Tychique lors de la visite de celui-ci à l’église d’Ephèse (6 : 21,22).
Ephèse était une ville très grande et la capitale romaine de la province d’Asie Mineure. Ephèse était célèbre pour son temple dédié à la déesse grecque Artémis (Actes 19 : 23-31). L’église d’Ephèse a eu un bon départ mais plus tard elle est devenue complaisante (Apocalypse 2 : 1 – 7).
Paul explique dans la première partie de cette lettre comment Dieu a choisi son peuple et les a sauvés de leurs péchés par Jésus-Christ. Il compare l’église à un corps avec Christ comme chef et à un édifice qui a Christ comme pierre angulaire. Dans la deuxième partie de la lettre, Paul donne des instructions pour la vie chrétienne.
Résumé
1. Au chapitre 1 : 1-2 Paul se présente et salue les Ephésiens.
2. Ensuite il explique la relation de l’église avec Christ (1 : 3 – 3 : 21).
3. Puis Paul écrit sur la façon dont les chrétiens devraient vivre (4 : 1 – 6 : 20).
4. Enfin, Paul conclut par quelques commentaires finaux (6 : 21 – 14).
Translation: Swahili
Utangulizi wa kitabu cha Waefeso
Barua kwaWaefeso iliandikwa katika kipindi kimoja na barua kwa Wakolosai katika mwaka wa 60 baada ya kuzaliwa Yesu Kristo. Mwandishi alijitambulisha mwenyewe kama Mtume Paulo (1:1). Wasomi wengi wanakubali kwamba Paulo aliandika barua ya Waefeso, japokuwa barua hiyo haina salamu zake binafsi kama ilivyo kwa barua kwa Wakolosai. Kwa sababu hii, inawezekana ilikusudiwa izunguke kati ya makanisa kadhaa yaliyokuwamo jimboni humo. Pia, Paulo aneleza kwamba alikuwa gerezani wakati alipoiandika barua hiyo (3:1, 4:1, na 6:20). Paulo aliituma barua hiyo kwa mkono wa Tikiko alipolitembelea kanisa la Efeso (6:21-22).
Efeso ulikuwa ni mji mkubwa na makao makuu ya dola ya Kirumi katika Asia Ndogo. Efeso ulikuwa maarufu kwa hekalu lililokuwa humo na ambalo lilikuwa limewekwa wakfu kwa muungu mke wa Kiyunani ulioitwa Artemi (Matendo 19:23-31). Kanisa la Efeso lilikuwa na mwanzo wenye nguvu lakini baadaye likajisahau (Ufunuo 2:1-7).
Paulo anaelezea katika nusu ya kwanza ya barua hii jinsi Mungu alivyowachagua watu na kuwaokoa kutoka katika dhambi zao kwa njia ya Yesu Kristo. Analifananisha kanisa na mwili, na Kristo kama kichwa chake, pia analifananisha kanisa na jengo, na Kristo kama jiwe la msingi au jiwe la pembeni la jengo hilo. Katika nusu ya pili ya kitabu hiki, Paulo anatoa maelekezo akionyesha jinsi ya kuishi maisha ya Kikristo.
Muhtasari
1. Katika sura 1:1-2 Paulo anajitambulisha na kuwasalimu Waefeso.
2. Kisha anaelezea uhusiano wa kanisa na Kristo (1:3-3:21).
3. Kisha Paulo anaandika akionyesha namna iwapasavyo Wakristo kuishi (4:1-6:20).
4. Hatimaye Paulo anatoa matamshi ya kumalizia (6:21-24).
“tell as serious truth” (Central Pame (source for this and one above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)
In Bauzi “swear” can be translated in various ways. In Hebrews 6:13, for instance, it is translated with “bones break apart and decisively speak.” (“No bones are literally broken but by saying ‘break bones’ it is like people swear by someone else in this case it is in relation to a rotting corpse’ bones falling apart. If you ‘break bones’ so to speak when you make an utterance, it is a true utterance.”) In other passages, such as in Matthew 26:72, it’s translated with an expression that implies taking ashes (“if a person wants everyone to know that he is telling the truth about a matter, he reaches down into the fireplace, scoops up some ashes and throws them while saying ‘I was not the one who did that.'”). So in Matthew 26:72 the Bauzi text is: “. . . Peter took ashes and defended himself saying, ‘I don’t know that Nazareth person.'” (Source: David Briley)
The Hebrew in Proverbs 2:16 that is translated as “smooth words” or similar in English is translated in Vidunda as “deceptive words.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
Following is a back-translations of Psalm 141:5 in Kutu:
“It is better a righteous man to rebuke me with punishment,
that matter is a kindness,
let him he rebuke me,
that matter is oil on my head,
my head will not reject it.
But my prayer always is against the evil deeds of evil people.”
(Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
The Hebrew in Genesis 3:24 that is translated as “flaming” or similar in English is translated in Zaramo as dimeluka or “twinkling twirl” or “flashing.” (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
The Hebrew that is translated in English as “zealous” or “jealous” referring to God as the one who has the emotion has to be translated in Kwere with a different term, a Swahili loan word (wivu) than the one that is used for human jealousy or zeal (migongo). (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)