Language-specific Insights

receive the gift of the Holy Spirit

The Greek in Acts 2:38 that is translated “receive the gift of the Holy Spirit” or similar in English is translated as

  • “receive the gift of God which is the Holy Spirit” in Eastern Highland Otomi
  • “God will give his Spirit to you” in Chuj
  • “God will cause his Holy Spirit to possess you” in Teutila Cuicatec
  • “the Holy Spirit will come into your souls with his power” in Desano
  • “you will receive the Holy Spirit, Father God will give you that” in San Mateo del Mar Huave
  • “God will send the Holy Spirit to live with you” Mezquital Otomi (source for this and above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)
  • “you guys will receive Great Above Ones Spirit as a gift from right where Great Above One lives” in Mairasi (source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • “you will receive the Straight Spirit as a gift to you” in Bariai (source: Bariai Back Translation)

See also Receive the Holy Spirit.

lame

The Greek that is translated as “lame” in English is translated in various ways:

until the time of universal restoration

The Greek in Acts 3:21 that is translated as “until the time of universal restoration (or: restoration of all things”)” or similar in English is translated in various wayz

  • “until then when everything will be renewed” in Isthmus Mixe
  • “the day is coming that God will fix this earth” in Highland Popoluca
  • “he will come to make good again everything one time more” in Chuj
  • “he will lay out new all things” in Metlatónoc Mixtec
  • “when God will make everything good like it was in the beginning” in San Mateo Del Mar Huave
  • “until he comes to straighten things out” in Rincón Zapotec (source for this and above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

vain things

The Greek in Acts 4:25 that is translated as “vain things” or similar in English is translated in the following ways:

  • “as vain things plan together but in vain” (Chuj)
  • “imagining many things which they were not able to do” (Morelos Nahuatl)
  • “think up things that are not at all important” (Central Pame)
  • “tried to do God bad but in vain” (Highland Popoluca)
  • “that evil they think to do will never be carried out” (Mezquital Otomi)
  • “think a lot about big things but can’t do them” (Tataltepec Chatino (Source for this and above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

room upstairs

The Greek that is translated as “room upstairs” of “upper room” in English is translated in a 1922 translation into Chagatai, a precursor language of both Uzbek and Uighur, with bala-xāna, “small room” of “children’s room.” “It is safe to say that the cultural structure of the Uighurs influenced the choice of this word for the translation. At the time of the translation, the attic room commonly used by the Uighurs living in East Turkistan was known as “bala-khana”, due to its smaller size compared to other rooms. Therefore, it is understood that the translators translated the source text by considering word choices such as this that would help society understand the text better. This choice of the translators can again be explained by the concept of cultural equivalents.” (Source: F. Erbay and F.N. Küçükballı in Acta Theologica 2025 45/2, p. 133ff. )

Other translations include:

  • Teutila Cuicatec: “upper room on the second floor”
  • Chuj: “one room which was above”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “a room upstairs”
  • Morelos Nahuatl: “a room on top of the house”
  • Isthmus Mixe: “the top floor of a more than one story house” (Source for this and above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

Theudas rose up

The Greek that is translated as “Theudas rose up” or similar in English is translated in Chuj as “Theudas made himself big among the people.” If translated literally it would have meant only that Theudas got up from a sitting or lying position. (Source: Kenneth L. Williams in Notes on Translation, December 1963, p. 1-4)

He himself died there as well as our ancestors

The Greek that is translated as “He himself died there as well as our ancestors” or similar in English is translated in Chuj as “there one by one Jacob and our other ancestors died.” If translated literally it would have meant that they all died as soon as they got there. (Source: Kenneth L. Williams in Notes on Translation, December 1963, p. 1-4)