Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 3:15:
- Uma: “‘They are always ready-to-fight, wanting to kill others.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “They easily hurt and kill.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And that’s not all, for they can easily murder.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “It is easy for them to murder,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “Only killing do they want.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Yatzachi Zapotec: “They kill people at slight provocation.” (Source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
For the Old Testament quote, see Isaiah 59:7.
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 10:3:
- Uma: “They close their eyes to the way that God prepared. They refuse to submit to Kristus in order to become straight in God’s sight, they prefer to follow their own way, wanting to make themselves straight in their following of the Lord’s Law.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “They do not understand as to how people can be forgiven and considered straight by God. They think-mistakenly that they will be forgiven because-of their following the law. And they are not willing to follow what God said as to how he forgives them and considers them straight.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For they would not accept God’s way for people to become righteous. Rather what they used was their own way which was their obedience to the Law; and they did not follow the way of God, for Him to consider people righteous.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “Because they have been ignoring God’s plan to count people as righteous and simultaneously they have been trying to-be-made-righteous through the good that they have been doing, so they have not humbled (lit. lowered) themselves to receive the righteousness that comes from God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “Because they do not know how God determined to clear people. They think they will seek on their own how to bring about their getting right with God. Therefore they do not want to believe the way God clears people.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Mezquital Otomi: “Because they do not know for themselves the road that God has appointed so that one may live well with him, and they are putting forth every effort to walk well by themselves (contrary to the right road) in the sight of God. For that reason they have not wanted to believe God and so he was not able to say they were righteous.”
- Chicahuaxtla Triqui: “They do not know how it is that God can say that our hearts are straight, and they wish to bring about themselves that their hearts will be straight, and so they do not obey the word which God has said.” (Source for this and above: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 1:1:
- Uma: “This letter is from me, Paulus, the slave of Yesus Kristus. He chose me and sent/apostled me to take the Good News that is from God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “This letter is from Paul being-sent there to you (pl.) in the place/country Roma. I am a servant of Isa Almasi. I was chosen by God (Tuhan) and commissioned by him to proclaim his good news from him.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “I am Paul, the one writing this. I’m a slave of Jesus Christ and he has made me also to be an apostle. God promised long ago by means of what he caused the prophets to write, that there would be a time when there would be Good News which would be made known to us (incl.) The reason he chose me to be an apostle was so that I might tell repeatedly this Good News.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “I am Pablo who wrote this. I am one who is serving Cristo Jesus. God chose me to be-an-apostle and he also appointed me to go preach the good news that is from him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “I am Paul, the worker for Jesus Christ. God appointed me to be Jesus Christ’s representative. He chose me to speak God’s good news.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Highland Totonac: “I write to you. I who am Paul, Jesus Christ’s worker. I have been chosen to be his messenger and I have been appointed (placed) to preach (act as chief speaker) God’s good announcement.” (Source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 4:22:
- Uma: “Because of that faith of his, there is written in the Holy Book long ago that says: ‘God said Abraham was straight in his sight.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “Therefore because Ibrahim really believed God’s promise to him, ‘he was considered straight by God’ as is written in the holy-book.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And because of that faith of Abraham, it was written long ago that God considered him to be righteous.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “And this faith of his was the reason that God counted him as righteous.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “Concerning the faith Abraham had, this is why God cleared his sins.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Tabasco Chontal: “That’s why God told Abraham that he would accept him, because of that which he believed.”
- Chicahuaxtla Triqui: “Therefore on account of his believing in God, God reckoned up that his heart was straight.” (Source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 11:10:
- Uma: “Darken their thinking so they will not know the true way. Make-it-difficult for them, so they will be bent-over carrying their difficulties.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “May it be that their eyes are blinded so that they do not see. May it be that they are caused to suffer/be in difficulty without end like a person bent over by a load on his back.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “May it be that their eyes may be blinded so that they will stumble; and may it be also that they will be burdened down by their troubles forever.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “May their minds also become dark so they will not understand the truth and may they also be burdened and hardshipped continually.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “The people will not understand about what they see. Therefore they will live in misery forever.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
Yatzachi Zapotec: “As for their head-hearts, they will understand nothing; and what they will suffer forever may be compared to that which a person feels when hunched under a heavy load.” (Source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 1:26:
- Uma: “So, because they refused to worship him, that’s why he just allowed them to follow the shameful desires of their heart. Even women no longer behaved like the behavior of ordinary mankind. The women wived [i.e., married or had intercourse with, normally used of men to women] other fellow women.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “Therefore God abandoned them to do shameful things indulging/giving-into the desire of their bodies. Even the women do not like/want a man. That is what they want their fellow female and/so-that they do evil/bad. But this is not right/proper.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And since people pay no attention to God, He also pays no attention to them so that they might carry out their very ugly desires. Even the women, it’s no longer men that they sleep with, but they become sexually aroused by other women.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “That’s the reason God has let-them-alone so that they do the shameful-things their bodies desire. Even the women, they have changed what their bodies properly desire so that it’s their fellow women whom they sleep-with, not men.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “Therefore God gives the road to the people to do the shameful things they walk by. The women do not want to marry and live with husbands, rather with their fellow women they do shameful things.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
Chicahuaxtla Triqui: “Therefore God abandoned them that they should do ugly things like their hearts wanted them to do. The women left off talking with the men [polite term for intercourse] and they talked among themselves in a very dirty way.” (Source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 14:7:
- Uma: “For there is not one of us who lives following our own desires. Nor is there one of us who dies following our own desires.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “All of us (incl.) belong to Isa Almasi, our (incl.) Leader. That’s why in our (incl.) life and in our (incl.) death we (incl.) ought to please him not ourselves (incl.).” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For there isn’t any one of us believers that doesn’t belong to God while he’s still on the earth or whether he is already dead. For while we are still alive we are subjects of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “Because all of us who believe, it is not our being-honored/praised that we are searching for in our living and even in our dying,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “No one can decide on his own how he will live, because all of us are in the hand of our Lord Jesus Christ. While we are living we are in his hand. When we have died we are in his hand.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Mezquital Otomi: “Because not one of us lives to do what we want to do ourselves, and not one of us dies according to our own will.”
- Highland Totonac: “Because no one of us is our own boss in our living, and neither is any of us our own boss when we die.”
- Sayula Popoluca: “We don’t live just for ourselves, nor will we die because we want to.” (Source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 3:16:
- Uma: “Wherever they go they bring evil and suffering.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “Wherever they go many are destroyed by them, and they carry sadness/troubles to people.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Wherever they go they destroy and they bring hardship.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “and no matter where (lit. even wherever) they go, there are those whom they ruin and cause-to-be-piteous.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “There where they go, always they ruin the people.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Isthmus Zapotec: “Wherever they pass by they destroy and in that place will remain pain for others.” (Source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
For the Old Testament quote, see Isaiah 59:7 and Isaiah 59:8.
