Mark 10:23 - 31 in Mexican Sign Language

Following is the translation of Mark 10:23-31 into Mexican Sign Language with back-translations into Spanish and English underneath:


© La Biblia en LSM / La Palabra de Dios

Retrotraducciones en español (haga clic o pulse aquí)

Jesús miró a los discípulos que vinieron y dijo: “Huy, qué difícil es que personas ricas se junten al reino de Dios.”

Los discípulos estaban sorprendidos y Jesús (dijo): Sí es difícil ir al reino de Dios. Por ejemplo: si tienes una aguja, ¿puedes empujar un camello a través el ollo del aguja? No, es difícil.

En la misma manera es muy difícil que personas ricas se junten al reino de Dios.” Los discípulos lo miraron con sorpresa y dijeron: “¿Cómo puede ser salavdo una persona?”

Jesús los miró y dijo: “Mira, una persona no puede salvar a una persona, es imposible, pero Dios puede todo.”

Los discípulos lo miraron y Pedro dijo: “Nosotros hemos dejado todas las cosas y ahora estamos juntos contigo.”

Jesús dijo: “Les digo la verdad, si algunas personas dejan a sus padres o a hermanos o a hijos, o dejan su casa o la tierra que es su propiedad y se van a predicar y ser testigos de mi, les advierto que seguro en el futuro Dios les dará cien veces más: propiedades de tierra, casas, hermanos, madres, y hijos pero ni modo que las personas estarán en contra de uds y los maltratarán y uds sufrirán y morirán pero después Dios les dará la vida eterna.

Ahora hay personas distinguidos que en el futuro fracasarán y estarán vulgares, y otras personas humildes y vulgares que en el futuro superarán y estarán distinguidos.


Jesus looked at the disciples who came to him and said: “Wow, how difficult it is for rich people to join the Kingdom of God.”

The disciples were surprised and Jesus (said): “Yes, it is difficult to go and join the kingdom of God. For example, if you have a needle, can you push a camel through the eye of the needle? No, it’s difficult.

“In the same way it is very difficult for rich people to join the kingdom of God.” The disciples looked at him with surprise and said: “How can a person be saved?”

Jesus looked at them and said: “Look, a person cannot save a person, it is impossible, but God can do everything.”

The disciples watched him and Peter said: “We have left all things and now we are with you.”

Jesus said: “I tell you the truth, if some people leave their parents or siblings or children, or they leave their houses or the land that they own and they go off to preach and witness of me, I tell you that surely in the future God will give them a hundred times more: lands to own, houses, siblings, mothers and children but never mind that the people will be against you and will mistreat you and you will suffer and die, but afterwards God will give you eternal life.

“There are people who are now distinguished and who in the future will fail and become lowly, and other people who are humble and lowly and who in the future will surpass and become distinguished.”

Source: La Biblia en LSM / La Palabra de Dios

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Mark 10:32-34 in Mexican Sign Language >>

Mark 10:17-31 in Russian Sign Language

Following is the translation of Mark 10:17-31 into Russian Sign Language with a back-translation underneath:


Source: Russian Bible Society / Российское Библейское Общество

A man ran up to Jesus, knelt down before him and said:

— You are a good teacher! I want to have eternal life! What do I have to do to get it?

Jesus:

— Why do you call me “good teacher”? In the whole world, God alone is good. You know God’s commandments, don’t you? Don’t murder. Don’t violate marital fidelity. Don’t steal. Don’t cheat other people. Respect your father and mother.

That man said:

— Master! I have been practicing all these commandments since my childhood. I obey all the commandments.

Jesus looked at him. He liked the man. Jesus said:

— One thing is lacking in you. Go and sell everything you have. Give all the money you have to the poor. Your wealth will be in heaven. And when you have distributed everything, come and follow me.

The man was very sad and went away sad. This man had many houses, much land, much livestock. He had a great deal of wealth.

Jesus said to the disciples:

— It’s very hard and difficult for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God.

The disciples were confused.

Jesus said:

— My children, it is very hard and difficult for such a man to enter the kingdom of God. You know that it takes effort to thread the eye of a needle. Imagine that you have to thread a camel with its two big humps into the eye of a needle. It is very hard and difficult to do such a thing. And it is even more difficult for a rich man to enter the Kingdom of God.

The disciples were confused and began to say:

– Who then can be saved?

Jesus said to them:

The disciples were confused and began to say:

— Who then can be saved?

Jesus said to them:

— If you try to enter the kingdom of God by yourselves, it is impossible. God alone can provide the way there.

Peter said:

— We have left everything and are ready to follow you.

Jesus said:

— I tell you precisely that the person who will leave his brothers, his sisters, mother and father, children, and fields and will be ready to follow me, who is ready to testify about Jesus in front of everyone, such a person even in his lifetime will receive a hundred times more houses, brothers, sisters, more fields, mothers, children, but will also receive many sufferings, but such a person will have eternal life.

And Jesus also said:

— He who now holds a high position, will therefore be humbled. And he who is now humbled will be exalted!

Original Russian back-translation (click or tap here):

Один человек подбежал к Иисусу, пал перед ним на колени и сказал:

— Ты — добрый учитель! Я хочу получить жизнь вечную! Что нужно сделать для этого?

Иисус:

— Зачем ты называешь меня «добрый учитель»? Во всем мире один только Бог добрый. Ты ведь знаешь заповеди Бога? Не убивай. Не нарушай супружескую верность. Не воруй. Не обманывай других людей. Уважай отца и мать.

Тот человек сказал:

— Учитель! Я исполняю все эти заповеди с детства. Я повинуюсь всем заповедям.

Иисус посмотрел на него. Этот человек ему понравился. Иисус сказал:

— Одной вещи недостает тебе. Иди и все, что у тебя есть, продай. Все полученные деньги раздай бедным. Твое богатство будет на небе. И когда ты все раздашь, приходи и следуй за мной.

Этот человек сильно огорчился и грустный ушел. У этого человек было много домов, много земли, много домашнего скота. У него было очень много богатства.

Иисус сказал ученикам:

— Богатому человеку войти в Царство Божье очень тяжело и трудно.

Ученики смутились.

Иисус сказал:

— Дети мои! Такому человеку войти в Царствие Бога очень тяжело и трудно. Вы знаете, что нужно постараться, чтобы вдеть нитку в ушко иголки. Представьте, что вы должны вдеть верблюда с его двумя большими горбами в такое ушко иголки. Очень тяжело и трудно сделать такое. А богатому человеку войти в Царство Бога еще труднее.

Ученики смутились и стали говорить:

— Кто же тогда может спастись?

Иисус им сказал:

— Если вы сами стараетесь войти в Царство Бога, это невозможно. Только Бог один может дать путь туда.

Пётр сказал:

— Мы оставили все и готовы следовать за тобой.

Иисус сказал:

— Точно говорю вам, что человек, который оставит братьев своих, оставит сестер своих, мать и отца, детей, поле и будет готов следовать за мной, кто готов свидетельствовать об Иисусе перед всеми, такой человек еще при своей жизни получит в сто раз больше домов, братьев, сестер, больше полей, матерей, детей, но также получит множество страданий, но будет у такого человека жизнь вечная.

И еще Иисус сказал:

— Кто сейчас занимает высокое положение, потому будет унижен. А кто сейчас унижен, будет превознесен!

Back-translation by Luka Manevich

<< Mark 10:13-16 in Russian Sign Language
Mark 10:32-34 in Russian Sign Language >>

Peter

Following is a Armenian Orthodox icon of Peter (found in the Ghazanchetsots Cathedral in Shusha, Azerbaijan).

Orthodox Icons are not drawings or creations of imagination. They are in fact writings of things not of this world. Icons can represent our Lord Jesus Christ, the Virgin Mary, and the Saints. They can also represent the Holy Trinity, Angels, the Heavenly hosts, and even events. Orthodox icons, unlike Western pictures, change the perspective and form of the image so that it is not naturalistic. This is done so that we can look beyond appearances of the world, and instead look to the spiritual truth of the holy person or event. (Source )

Following is a hand colored stencil print on momigami of Peter by Sadao Watanabe (1970):

Image taken with permission from the SadaoHanga Catalogue where you can find many more images and information about Sadao Watanabe. For other images of Sadao Watanabe art works in TIPs, see here.

In Finnish Sign Language it is translated with the sign signifying “key” (referring to Matthew 16:19). (Source: Tarja Sandholm)


“Peter” or “Cephas” in Finnish Sign Language (source )

In Swiss-German Sign Language it is translated with the sign for “rock,” referring to the meaning of the Greek word for “Peter.”


“Peter” in Swiss-German Sign Language, source: DSGS-Lexikon biblischer Begriffe , © CGG Schweiz

For more information on translations of proper names with sign language see Sign Language Bible Translations Have Something to Say to Hearing Christians .

See also Peter – rock.

Learn more on Bible Odyssey: Peter .

inclusive vs. exclusive pronoun (Mark 10:28)

Many languages distinguish between inclusive and exclusive first-person plural pronouns (“we”). (Click or tap here to see more details)

The inclusive “we” specifically includes the addressee (“you and I and possibly others”), while the exclusive “we” specifically excludes the addressee (“he/she/they and I, but not you”). This grammatical distinction is called “clusivity.” While Semitic languages such as Hebrew or most Indo-European languages such as Greek or English do not make that distinction, translators of languages with that distinction have to make a choice every time they encounter “we” or a form thereof (in English: “we,” “our,” or “us”).

For this verse, translators typically select the exclusive form (excluding Jesus).

Source: Velma Pickett and Florence Cowan in Notes on Translation January 1962, p. 1ff.

formal pronoun: disciples addressing Jesus

Like many languages (but unlike Greek or Hebrew or English), Tuvan uses a formal vs. informal 2nd person pronoun (a familiar vs. a respectful “you”). Unlike other languages that have this feature, however, the translators of the Tuvan Bible have attempted to be very consistent in using the different forms of address in every case a 2nd person pronoun has to be used in the translation of the biblical text.

As Voinov shows in Pronominal Theology in Translating the Gospels (in: The Bible Translator 2002, p. 210ff. ), the choice to use either of the pronouns many times involved theological judgment. While the formal pronoun can signal personal distance or a social/power distance between the speaker and addressee, the informal pronoun can indicate familiarity or social/power equality between speaker and addressee.

Here, individual or several disciples address Jesus with the formal pronoun, expressing respect. Compare this to how that address changes after the resurrection.

In most Dutch as well as in Western Frisian, Gronings, and Afrikaans translations, the disciples address Jesus before and after the resurrection with the formal pronoun.

See also this devotion on YouVersion .

complete verse (Mark 10:28)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 10:28:

  • Uma: “After that, Petrus said to Yesus: ‘Yet we (excl.), we (excl.) [emphatic] have left everything in order to follow you.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then Petros spoke. ‘Look at us (excl.),’ he said. ‘We (excl.) have already left everything and we (excl.) are already following you.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then Peter said, he said, ‘Just look, we have left all of our possessions so that we might follow you.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Pedro said, ‘And how-about us (excl.)? Because we (excl.) have left everything so-that we (excl.) would become your (sing.) disciples.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Pedro spoke saying, ‘Well as for us (excl.), Master, isn’t it so that we have left/deserted everything now to go-around with you?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

Japanese benefactives (goran)

Click or tap here to see the rest of this insight.

Like a number of other East Asian languages, Japanese uses a complex system of honorifics, i.e. a system where a number of different levels of politeness are expressed in language via words, word forms or grammatical constructs. These can range from addressing someone or referring to someone with contempt (very informal) to expressing the highest level of reference (as used in addressing or referring to God) or any number of levels in-between.

One way Japanese shows different degree of politeness is through the choice of a benefactive construction as shown here in the widely-used Japanese Shinkaiyaku (新改訳) Bible of 2017. Here, goran (ご覧) or “see/behold/look” (itself a combination of “behold/see” [ran] and the honorific prefix go- — see behold / look / see (Japanese honorifics)) is used in combination with kudasaru (くださる), a respectful form of the benefactive kureru (くれる). A benefactive reflects the good will of the giver or the gratitude of a recipient of the favor. To convey this connotation, English translation needs to employ a phrase such as “for me (my sake)” or “for you (your sake).”

(Source: S. E. Doi, see also S. E. Doi in Journal of Translation, 18/2022, p. 37ff. )