Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Matthew 4:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 4:3:

  • Uma: “The King Tempter came saying to him: ‘If you (sing.) are really the Child of God, well then, order those rocks to become food!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then the leader of demons arrived and said to Isa, ‘If you are truly the Son of God, tell these stones to become food.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then Satan came near to him and tempted him saying, ‘If you truly are the Son of God, command (magically) that these stones turn into food.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon the one-who-tempts went to where he was and said, ‘If it’s true that you (sing.) are the Child of God, command these stones so that they will become food.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “What-else-but the causer-to-fall (into sin, fig.) arrived who is Satanas. He said, ‘Since you are the Son of God, just speak and cause these rocks to become food.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The devil came to where Jesus was standing. He searched for a way to cause him him to sin and said to him: ‘If you are the Son of God, cause those stones to become bread,’ he said.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And the bad man of testing went to him and then said, ‘If you are God’s Son, speak to these stones in order that they become your bread.'” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “The Tempter came to him and told him that, ‘If you are the Child of God, turn these stones into food.'” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “Then the headman of malevolent spirits came to test/tempt Him, said to Him: “If You truly are Great Above One’s own Child, then command these rocks to become bread tubers [food].” (Source Enggavoter 2004)

complete verse (Luke 4:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 4:10:

  • Noongar: “because the Bible says, ‘God will send his angels and they will save you’.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Nothing will happen to you (sing.), because it is written in the Holy Book: ‘The Lord God orders his angels to protect you (sing.), so that you (sing.) do not come-to-harm/disaster.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “for it is written in the holy-book it says, ‘He has commanded his angels to watch over/care for you so that nothing bad will happen to you.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Because there is a written word of God which says, ‘God will cause His angels to help you,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “because the written word of God says, ‘God will command his angels to take-care-of you (sing.).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For isn’t is so that it is written as-you-know, saying, ‘God will order his angels to take care of you,” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “For Deo’s book has talk like this, | ‘‘He will talk strongly to his anggelo | in order that they be looking after you (sing.).’” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “it is written, ‘God will send his angels to support you’ ‘” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “Because in the Holy Book it is written like this: ‘Great Above One will soon command His sent-ones [and] they will come guard you very well’ it said.'” (Source Enggavoter 2004)
  • Kinaray-A: “Did not the Scripture say that ‘God will order his angels to watch over you’?” (Source: Balbina Abadiano in Notes on Translation 1988, p. 40ff.)

For the Old Testament quote, see Psalm 91:11.

complete verse (John 1:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 1:9:

  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “The light of God has arrived in this world, to enter into the hearts of mankind; and it shines for all of them.”
  • Huehuetla Tepehua: “The one who is the true one, who can give understanding, came here to this earth. He gives understanding to the minds of all men.”
  • Alekano: “The father of light, who enlightens the people all over, appeared and remained on earth.”
  • Lalana Chinantec: “The rays of the real Light were beginning to shine, causing the path on which all men walk to become lit.” (Source for this and above: M. Larson / B. Moore in Notes on Translation February 1970, p. 1-125.)
  • Uma: “That Word, He was the true light that shone on the hearts of all people, He arrived in the world.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “This true light, that means the Word, has come here already to the world giving light to the thoughts/minds of all mankind.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “At that time Christ arrived here on the earth, that true light. He is the one who illumines the minds of all mankind.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The proper/real light, it was the one who came to the earth to go illuminate (the particle ‘go’ is commonly used with verbs of motion such as ‘come’) the minds of all people.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “That one who really is this light, who gives light to all people, he was now arriving here under the heavens/sky.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “That one who came to the earth is truly the one who opens the hearts of the people.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Jesus-Christ is the one who is the true light that arrived here in the world and lightens/enlightens the mind/thinking of all the people.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “That is the true Light which already arrived in this world to brighten people.” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Bariai: “And the true light which gives light to all people, that’s just was descended and came to the earth.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “That light of truth came to the world so that it could bring light to every person.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)

complete verse (1 Thessalonians 5:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Thessalonians 5:11:

  • Uma: “So, relatives, fire-up one another and strengthen each other’s hearts, like you are doing now.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Therefore encourage each other and help each other as you already do.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And since you know this, encourage each other and strengthen the faith of each one of you just like you are now doing.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Therefore continue the way you’ve been comforting-each-other and helping-each-other which continually-strengthens your faith.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore continue that which you are doing now, which is making happy the mind/inner-being of one another and mutually-helping by strengthening the believing/obeying of one another also.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Let your hearts be encouraged, and strengthen one another, just like you do now.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “Therefore each of you (pl.) must make good talk to your companions in order to encourage them (lit. strengthen their interiors), similarly as you are doing.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “Therefore make each other’s livers good [encourage] then/also strengthen each other. That is what you already regularly do.” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)

complete verse (Matthew 18:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 18:10:

  • Mairasi: “‘Watch out! Do not think lowly of any of these little people! Because you must place in your liver’s crack [remember], Great Above One’s sent ones [angels], those who specifically guard them, stay over there constantly in front of My Father Who is Great Above One in Surga [Heaven].” (source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Uma: “‘So, be very careful, don’t disregard little children like this child, [not] even one. Because truly-truly I say to you: the angels who watch-over them stay continually in front of my Father in heaven.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘Be careful,’ said Isa, ‘do not put-down/despise even one of these little children because I tell you, the angels who watch over them are always there in the presence of my Father in heaven.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And people who are like these children, don’t you treat disdainfully even one of them because true is what I tell you, that the angels of God who help them are never away from the presence of my Father God who is in heaven.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘See that you do not look-down-on even one of these who are of no account. Because I tell you that their angels are constantly with (lit. at the place of) my Father in heaven.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus said next, ‘Be careful that you (pl.) don’t insult/belittle even one of these humble ones who are like this child having belief in me. For this which I will say to you really is true, that they are cared for by angels who can always come into the presence of my Father there in heaven.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Do not think that the children are of no value. I tell you that there in heaven where my Father is, the angels who stay there where he is are the ones who care for the children.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 19:28)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:28:

  • Noongar: “After Jesus said this, he went to Jerusalem ahead of them.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “When Yesus finished saying all that, he walked ahead of his companions going to Yerusalem.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When Isa had finished saying this he went ahead of them to Awrusalam.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when Jesus finished telling that parable, they continued walking on their way to Jerusalem.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When Jesus had finished parabling that to them, he went on going-uphill to Jerusalem going-ahead of them.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus and company set out again to continue on to Jerusalem. Jesus was going in front of his companions.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “Iesus made this talk and it was done and then he walked and went ahead and went to Ierusalem.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “The following day, Jesus continued with his journey. Jesus was at the front throughout the journey towards Jerusalem.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “Yesus had already said all that then He Himself went in front of them to Yerusalem.” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Hiligaynon: “After he said that, Jesus and company continued to travel going to Jerusalem.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)

complete verse (John 13:34)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 13:34:

  • Uma: “‘I give you a new command: Love one another. Like I love you, so also you must love one another.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “There is a new command I leave with you. You shall love each other. Love as I loved you.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “A new commandment I give to you. It is that it is necessary that each one of you should be big in the breath of his companion. Just like you are big in my breath, you must be big in the breath of each one of you.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Here is a new (command) that I will command you. You must love-one-another. The way you love-one-another ought to be like the love I have shown to you.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “This is the new command which I will give you. It’s necessary that you value one another. How my valuing is of you, that’s how your valuing always is to be of one another.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “I command you a new thing — that you love each other. Just like I love you, you love each other.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “I am commanding you a new message: Desire each other’s faces. In the same way in which I myself desire face you guys, you guys must desire each other’s faces.” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)

complete verse (Luke 19:39)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:39:

  • Noongar: “Among the crowd, some Pharisees said to Jesus, ‘Lord, tell your disciples to be quiet!'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “From there, several Parisi people who were in the midst of the many people said to Yesus: ‘Teacher, forbid your disciples so that they do not say like that!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “There were Pariseo in the crowd of people. They said to Isa, ‘Sir, forbid your disciples. Tell them to stop praising you.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And among the many people who are gathered there, there were some Pharisees. And they said to Jesus, ‘You tell those disciples of yours to stop because they are transgressing God by praising you.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon some of the Pharisees who were among the many-people said to Jesus, ‘Sir teacher, you (sing.) ought to cause-to-be-quiet those disciples of yours (sing.).'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But some of the Pariseo who were going along with that mass going to Jerusalem said to Jesus, ‘Teacher, tell those disciples of yours to stop!'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “But some of the Parisis in the midst of the crowd spoke to him like this, ‘Man of teaching, rebuke your disciples!’” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: ” But some Pharisees who were present there said to Jesus, ‘Teacher, rebuke your people that they stop saying this words.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “Then also a few of the Farisi people, those who know the prohibitions from among the many people said to Yesus: ‘You Throated One, command your disciples who follow you to be quiet’ they say. ” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Hiligaynon: “In the crowd there were Pariseo who said to Jesus, ‘Teacher, cause- your followers -to-be-quiet.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)