Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Revelation 11:15)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 11:15:

  • Uma: “The seventh angel blew his trumpet. The speakers in heaven shouted together. The sound of their mouths was very big, they said: ‘Now, all the kingdoms of the world become the Kingdom of our Lord, and the Kingdom of the Redeemer King whom he has chosen. He will rule forever.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then the seventh angel blew (the thing) like a tabuli’ that he was holding. When he blew it, immediately I heard strong voices from heaven. They spoke in unison, they said, ‘There is no-one else in the world now who rules. Only our (incl.) Lord, God and his chosen one, Almasi. And he will rule forever and ever.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then the seventh angel blew his trumpet, and in heaven was heard some loud voices which said, ‘The rule over mankind is there now with our Lord and with the king He chose, and this king, He will rule forever.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “After-that the seventh angel blew-his-horn, and there was a loud (lit. strong) voice in heaven which said, ‘Starting-from now, none other will rule in the world except only (lit. if not only) our Lord and the Messiah whom he sent, and he will rule forever.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “That seventh angel then blew his horn. And then I heard some speaking loudly in heaven, saying, ‘All people who are under the authority of the one who made them his subjects there under the heavens, now they are subjects of our God and Jesu-Cristo whom he has sent/entrusted. He really will reign without ending.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The seventh angel blew the trumpet. There spoke in heaven some who loudly said: ‘And now God along with Christ will show their power rule all the earth. He will rule forever.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Chichewa (interconfessional translation, 1999): “After this the seventh angel sounded his trumpet. When he did so, in heaven there were heard loud voices/words. The voices said, ‘Now the power of ruling the world it is in the hands of our Lord and in [those of] that Anointed One of his, and so he shall rule forever.'” (Source: Wendland 1998, p. 165f.)

complete verse (Romans 9:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 9:9:

  • Uma: “The child of Abraham named Ishak was born according to the promise of God to Abraham. God said to Abraham like this: ‘I will come here next year, and Sara your (sing.) wife will give birth to a male child.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “This hep is what God promised to Ibrahim, he said, ‘Next year I will come back and your (sing.) wife Sara will give birth to a male.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For God said to Abraham, ‘A year from now I will return to you and at that time Sarah will give birth to a male child.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because this is what God promised Abraham concerning Isaac: ‘When the right time arrives, I will show you (pl.) my power, and that’s when Sara will give birth to your child who will be a male.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Because this is the word which God told Abraham. He said: ‘There will come the day in which I will show you my power. Your wife Sarah will give birth to a son’ he said.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

For the Old Testament quote, see Romans 18:10 and Romans 18:14.

complete verse (Luke 11:35)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 11:35:

  • Noongar: “Jesus told them this parable: ‘One blind man can’t go in front of another person. If he does this, both people will fall into a hole.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “So also with our hearts. We must be very careful: if the Lord shines-on our hearts, let us not make-them-dark again.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Therefore be careful so that your thinking is not at fault. Perhaps you think that it is light in your body, and-what-would-you-know, it is dark, surprise.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “It’s just the same way with a lamp of the mind of a person, which is to say, his understanding what’s right. It is necessary that this is not overcome by evil.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Be careful then lest you (sing.) think your (sing.) mind is lighted-up but sure-enough it’s dark.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore it’s necessary that you be careful, for maybe as for that light which you are sure of, maybe it’s still darkness, for maybe your mind/thinking hasn’t yet been enlightened concerning the will of God.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 13:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 13:10:

  • Uma: “People who must be taken captive, they will definitely be taken captive. People who must be killed with a sword, they will definitely be killed with a sword. That is why the followers of the God must endure in trouble and not retreat from their faith.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “If God has fated you to be caught, you will be caught. If God has fated you to die being slashed (by sword) you will die being slashed. Therefore you, the ones belonging to God, you should simply endure and you should strengthen your faith.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “People who are fated to be imprisoned, they will certainly be imprisoned. Those people who use weapons to kill, weapons also will be used to kill them. Therefore, we who are believers in the Lord, let’s trust Him and endure hardship.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Those who are destined/designated to be imprisoned, they will indeed be imprisoned, and those who are destined/designated that they (other people) kill with a sword, they will indeed kill with a sword. Therefore God’s people must endure the hardship that they experience and persevere in believing.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “As many as have been destined/planned to be imprisoned, it’s certain that they will indeed be imprisoned. And as many as have been destined/planned to be killed with the sharp edge of a bladed-weapon, well like that indeed, they will be killed. That’s why as for the people of God, they must make-sturdy their belief and trust in him so that they will be able to hold fast no matter how much they are persecuted.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Those who take their fellow men and imprison them will also themselves be imprisoned. The people who killed their fellowmen with the sword will also themselves be killed with the sword. Therefore the people who are in the hand of God must endure whatever suffering must go through and must believe well that there will happen the word which God said will happen.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 10:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 10:8:

  • Uma: “Musa also says like this: ‘The News of the Lord is just close-by, it is on our lips and it is in our heart.’ This [cataphoric] is the news that we announce to all people, the news of faith:” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Because it is said in the holy-book, ‘God’s message is there with you already. You are able to/can speak it and put it away/store it in your livers.’ That means the message we (excl.) proclaimed to you about how God forgives and considers straight the ones who trust Isa Almasi.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For there is another written word of God which tells us that it is very easy for us to believe in the word of God, as for the word of God, it is already here with us, and it’s possible for us to tell it to other people. And as for this word of God about believing in Christ, this is also what we preached.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because God’s word is near you. It is in your minds and you can tell-about it.’ This word of God is what we (excl.) are preaching concerning faith saying:” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now it isn’t necessary that you search about this word concerning how people’s sins are cleared. Because the word is written which says: ‘This word now, is not far from you. You are now speaking this word. It is in your hearts now’ it says. This word it is speaking of is the word I tell you to believe in.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Highland Totonac: “But what does it say? It says that God’s word, it is already close by, even so that you can say it and you can store it in your heart. It is this same word that we preach to you about faith.”
  • Huehuetla Tepehua: “Well, what does the word of God say about the straight life? This is what it says: The word about the straight life isn’t hard to find. Just say it with your mouth and believe it with your heart. That word that I told you when I said that it is necessary for you to have confidence in Christ.” (Source for this and above: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (Luke 12:13)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 12:13:

  • Noongar: “Among the crowd, one man said to Jesus, ‘Boss, tell my brother to share everything our father gave us after he died.'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “There was a person from the midst of the people who said to Yesus: ‘Teacher, tell my relative to please give me my share of the inheritance [from] our (excl.) parents.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then there was one from the crowds who spoke. He said to Isa, ‘O Sir, tell my older sibling that he should share the inheritance from our father with me.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then there was a man of those people gathered there, and he said, ‘Chief, you’re the one who knows how to handle my older brother, so that he will share with me the possessions that were left to us by our father who has now died.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then a man who was gathered-with the many-people said, ‘Sir teacher, please tell my sibling to share with me our (excl.) inheritance.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “There was a person there in that crowd who asked Jesus for help. ‘Teacher,’ he said, ‘instruct my brother to give (me) my share of our (excl.) inheritance.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 15:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 15:4:

  • Uma: “Who does not submit to you (sing.) Lord! Who does not admit/confess the bigness of your (sing.) life [i.e.,your glory]! Because only you (sing.) are holy. All people definitely must come to worship you (sing.), Because they know that your (sing.) decisions inall things/cases are straight/just.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Who does not fear you, God? Who does not honor you? You are the only holy one. All tribes will gather praising you because your straight/righteous deeds are clear to all people.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “You are respected by all people, and they honor Your name, Lord, for You alone are the holy God. All people of every kingdom come to You, and they worship You because Your righteous works are well known.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “There is absolutely no one who doesn’t acknowledge you (sing.) as Lord. There is no one who doesn’t praise your (sing.) name. Because you (sing.) alone are totally holy. People from all towns/countries will gather before you (sing.) in order to worship/praise you (sing.), because they have seen all the righteous-things that you (sing.) have done.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Who wouldn’t fear you, God? Who would not testify to your praiseworthiness/glory? For you alone are far from sin. Really as for all the nations, they will be assembled and will worship you. Because all can see the righteous things you determined.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Who can arise to say that he will not reverence you, Lord? Who can arise who can say that he will not praise you? Because you only do what all is good. Now all the people all over the world will come to worship you. For the people have seen what you do, all is right in what you do,’ they said.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 11:19)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 11:19:

  • Uma: “And don’t say/think in your hearts: ‘ It’s us (excl.) [emphatic] that God likes, because he discarded some of the Jews so that we (excl.) could take their place.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Perhaps you (pl.) say, ‘That is true, but they have been cut off by God and we (excl.), the not Yahudi, were joined to substitute for them.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And it’s possible that someone will say, ‘As for us who are not Jews, we are greater because God has put us in place of the Jews.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Now there may perhaps be someone among you who will answer-back saying, ‘Yes, OK, but some of the branches were cut-off so that we (excl.) could take-their-place.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Do you suppose that you are better than the Jews? Do you suppose the branches of the good tree were broken off so that you could be joined to the good tree? No, not that.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)