Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Luke 19:38)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:38:

  • Noongar: “God, he blesses the King. The King comes in the name of the Lord. Let peace be in Heaven! There, God sits, high and powerful!'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “They said in their praise: ‘The Lord God blesses the King who comes bringing his name!’ ‘Praise the Lord God who is in heaven, because he has given us goodness.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They said, ‘We (incl.) praise this King, the one sent by God! There is peace in heaven and God is really praised!'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when they praised they said, ‘Praise the king who is sent by the Lord! Our relationship to God is now peaceful! Praise God in heaven!'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They said, ‘May this king whom God has sent as his representative (lit. bodyness) be praised! Peace in heaven and may God be praised!'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “What they were calling out was, ‘Praiseworthy is this King who was sent by God! We(incl.) have been reconciled again with God in heaven! Praise God in the high-part of the sky/heaven!'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And they said, | ‘Chief God empowers this great chief who comes in his name!’ | ‘God has a smooth interior toward us(incl)! Let’s lift up God’s name who is living very high up!’” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “They kept shouting saying, | Blessed is the Ruler who comes | in the name of God. | Peace comes from heaven. | Oh! How great God is.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “They themselves hooted and said: ‘We will see good! We magnify Your Name You Ratu [King] Who come with Above-One’s Name! There will be peace over there in Surga [Heaven]! And we will honor Great Above One magnifying His glory!’” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Hiligaynon: “They said, ‘The Lord is-blessing the King that he has sent! Our(incl) relationship with God is now good. Let us praise God!’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)

complete verse (Ephesians 1:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of Ephesians 1:7:

  • Uma: “From the blood of the death of Yesus and from our connection with him, God redeemed us, he forgave our sins from his grace that is very big.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Because of the death of Almasi we (incl.) are set free, that means God has forgiven our (incl.) sins. Really very great is God’s love and mercy towards us (incl.).” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For because of the fact that His kindness to us is very great, He set us free from punishment by means of the shedding of blood when Christ allowed Himself to be killed. And He forgave our (incl.) sins.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because through the blood of that Child of his, we are set-free, it wants to say (henceforth meaning to say), our sins are forgiven. We enjoy/gain all these-things because of God’s exceeding mercy/grace” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For because of the blood which this Jesus shed (lit.caused-to-drip), we are free now from the punishment by God because of our sins. They have now all been forgiven to us. There is really no comparison to this grace/mercy of his” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Because of the grace of God, the Son of God died in order to save us and he forgave our sins.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “In our (incl.) joining together with him, he unbound us in order that we leave our bad life. And this action comes to us by his blood which spilled in the day that he died. And so he wiped away our bad deeds. And this action follows [from] his action of kindness which is extremely full (lit. greatly full and very greatly) and existing.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “The Saviour redeemed/freed us with his blood which he poured and then/there/at that time he forgave us from our sins. How great his love is towards us!” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “His good intestine [goodness/mercy/grace/generosity] is so great that He even gave us His riches/inheritance. That inheritance is like this: The first person was Great Above One’s very own possession. But he did wrong until finally we people became slaves of the malevolent Spirit [Satan]. Then Great Above One Himself bought us back [redeemed us], He bought us back, taking us into the palm of Yesus’ hands [in Yesus] with His blood, paying our price to become His children. That’s not all. He truly already completely wiped out/dismantled our wrongs [He forgave our wrongs].” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • German Gute Nachricht 2018: “Through his blood we are redeemed: all our sins are forgiven. This is how God showed us the riches of his grace.”

complete verse (Luke 4:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 4:4:

  • Noongar: “But Jesus said, ‘The Bible says, ‘People don’t live only on bread’.'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Yesus answered: ‘In the Holy Book it is written like this: ‘Man does not live from just food.’ ‘” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa answered him, he said, ‘It is written in the holy-book it says, ‘It is not just food which causes mankind to live.’ ‘” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus answered, ‘There is a written word of God which says, ‘Food is not the only thing that men live by, or stay alive with.’ ‘” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But Jesus answered (him) saying, ‘The written word of God says, ‘It’s not only food that is a means-of-life for people.’ ‘” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But Jesus answered him, saying, ‘Isn’t it so that what God said is written, which says, ‘It isn’t just only food which makes people live.”” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And then Iesus answered his talk like this, ‘The talk of God’s book says, ‘A man isn’t able to receive good living by eating bread alone.’ ‘” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “Jesus replied, ‘But the writings of God say, ‘(A) person does not live by food alone.’ ‘” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “In Above-One’s Holy Book it is written: ‘People’s living will not be from only tubers’ it says.'” (Source Enggavoter 2004)

For the Old Testament quote, see Deuteronomy 8:3.

complete verse (John 1:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 1:10:

  • Uma: “He is the one who was-used-as-a-hand by God to create this world. But when he arrived in the world, the people in the world did not know him.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But even though the Word is already here in the world and the world hep was created by him, the Word was not known/recognized by the people in the world.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Now Christ arrived on the earth. By means of him the earth was created; but mankind did not recognize who he was.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But even though he was in this world and God created all that is here through him, people nevertheless didn’t recognize him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well he truly came, and he lived here on earth. But well, even though he was the one who created people, yet they didn’t recognize/acknowledge him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “This one, the Son of God, lived here on the earth. Even though he made the earth, the people didn’t know who he was.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Aguaruna: “He made the world. Having done that, he lived here in this world, but the ones from this world didn’t recognize him as Christ.”
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “The person who is the Word was present in the world; and even though he made the world, the people in the world didn’t realize who he was.”
  • Lalana Chinantec: “He was living in the world but the people of the world never came to know who he was, even though he is the one who made the world.” (Source for this and two above: M. Larson / B. Moore in Notes on Translation February 1970, p. 1-125.)
  • Hiligaynon: “He arrived here in the world. And even-though the world was made through him, the people of the world did- not -know/recognize him.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “He Himself lived in this world, and He Himself made this world by Himself, but this world did not recognize Him.” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Bariai: “He was living on earth. By him, God made everything on earth. Yet the people of the earth didn’t know him.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “That Word came to the world that was created through him, but the world didn’t know who he was.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 19:28)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:28:

  • Noongar: “After Jesus said this, he went to Jerusalem ahead of them.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “When Yesus finished saying all that, he walked ahead of his companions going to Yerusalem.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When Isa had finished saying this he went ahead of them to Awrusalam.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when Jesus finished telling that parable, they continued walking on their way to Jerusalem.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When Jesus had finished parabling that to them, he went on going-uphill to Jerusalem going-ahead of them.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus and company set out again to continue on to Jerusalem. Jesus was going in front of his companions.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “Iesus made this talk and it was done and then he walked and went ahead and went to Ierusalem.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “The following day, Jesus continued with his journey. Jesus was at the front throughout the journey towards Jerusalem.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “Yesus had already said all that then He Himself went in front of them to Yerusalem.” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Hiligaynon: “After he said that, Jesus and company continued to travel going to Jerusalem.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 2:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 2:2:

  • Uma: “Suddenly they heard something making noise from the sky, like the blowing of a big wind. That noise was audible all over in their meeting house.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Suddenly there was a sound from the sky like the sound of a strong wind. And that sound entered the house where they were sitting.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And taking them by surprise was a very loud noise which they heard coming from heaven that was like the roaring of a very strong wind. This noise reverberated there inside the house where they were gathered.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When that was so, they suddenly-heard a loud-noise from heaven like a rushing wind, and it filled the entire house where-they -were-gathered.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Suddenly/unexpectedly there was a sound they heard coming from heaven/sky, like the sound of a strong wind, and the house where they were gathered was enveloped in that sound.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Isthmus Mixe : “Then the air suddenly made a loud noise in the house where they were sitting. It started making the noise from the sky.”
  • Chuj: “Just then, something sounded from heaven, like a wind very angrily it sounds. Very angrily (loudly) it sounded entering into the house where they were sitting.” (Source for this and one above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)
  • Hiligaynon: “While they are-gathering together, suddenly there was a roar which came from heaven the-same as a strong wind, and now only roaring-noise was what they heard inside the house where they are-gathering.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “Right while they were sitting there they heard a roar like that of a strong wind coming down from the sky. The house in which they sat pressed down on them with the roar.” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Bariai: “Suddenly, they heard something like a very great wind roaring from heaven and coming, and then its sound filled the house in which they were sitting.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “Before long, some noise came from above like a whistling whirlwind and that noise covered all the house.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 4:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 4:9:

  • Uma: “He said to Yesus: ‘All that I will give to you (sing.), if you (sing.) bow down to worship me.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The leader of demons said to Isa, ‘All this will I give to you if/when you prostrate and worship me.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Satan said to him, ‘All you can see is yours, because I will give it to you if you will kneel to me and worship me.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The Diablo said, ‘I will give all these to you (sing.) if you (sing.) will kneel to worship me.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Satanas said next, ‘I really will give all this to you, provided you bow down and worship me.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “He said to him: ‘Concerning all that you are looking upon, all I will give you if you bow down to worship me’ he said.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And then he said to him, ‘If you kneel down and lift up my name, I will give all these things to be yours.'” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “He told him that, ‘I will give you all that wealth if you kneel before me.'” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: And then the malevolent spirit said to Yesus: ‘All these things which You have seen I will give You to be Yours, if you simply bow down [and] worship me’ said he.” (Source Enggavoter 2004)

complete verse (Luke 19:39)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 19:39:

  • Noongar: “Among the crowd, some Pharisees said to Jesus, ‘Lord, tell your disciples to be quiet!'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “From there, several Parisi people who were in the midst of the many people said to Yesus: ‘Teacher, forbid your disciples so that they do not say like that!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “There were Pariseo in the crowd of people. They said to Isa, ‘Sir, forbid your disciples. Tell them to stop praising you.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And among the many people who are gathered there, there were some Pharisees. And they said to Jesus, ‘You tell those disciples of yours to stop because they are transgressing God by praising you.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Whereupon some of the Pharisees who were among the many-people said to Jesus, ‘Sir teacher, you (sing.) ought to cause-to-be-quiet those disciples of yours (sing.).'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But some of the Pariseo who were going along with that mass going to Jerusalem said to Jesus, ‘Teacher, tell those disciples of yours to stop!'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “But some of the Parisis in the midst of the crowd spoke to him like this, ‘Man of teaching, rebuke your disciples!’” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: ” But some Pharisees who were present there said to Jesus, ‘Teacher, rebuke your people that they stop saying this words.’” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “Then also a few of the Farisi people, those who know the prohibitions from among the many people said to Yesus: ‘You Throated One, command your disciples who follow you to be quiet’ they say. ” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Hiligaynon: “In the crowd there were Pariseo who said to Jesus, ‘Teacher, cause- your followers -to-be-quiet.’” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)