gentiles / nations

The Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Latin that is often translated as “gentiles” (or “nations”) in English is often translated as a “local equivalent of ‘foreigners,'” such as “the people of other lands” (Guerrero Amuzgo), “people of other towns” (Tzeltal), “people of other languages” (San Miguel El Grande Mixtec), “strange peoples” (Navajo (Dinė)) (this and above, see Bratcher / Nida), “outsiders” (Ekari), “people of foreign lands” (Kannada), “non-Jews” (North Alaskan Inupiatun), “people being-in-darkness” (a figurative expression for people lacking cultural or religious insight) (Toraja-Sa’dan) (source for this and three above Reiling / Swellengrebel), “from different places all people” (Martu Wangka) (source: Carl Gross).

Tzeltal translates it as “people in all different towns,” Chicahuaxtla Triqui as “the people who live all over the world,” Highland Totonac as “all the outsider people,” Sayula Popoluca as “(people) in every land” (source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.), Chichimeca-Jonaz as “foreign people who are not Jews,” Sierra de Juárez Zapotec as “people of other nations” (source of this and one above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.), Highland Totonac as “outsider people” (source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.), Uma as “people who are not the descendants of Israel” (source: Uma Back Translation), “other ethnic groups” (source: Newari Back Translation), and Yakan as “the other tribes” (source: Yakan Back Translation).

In Chichewa, it is translated with mitundu or “races.” (Source: Mawu a Mulungu mu Chichewa Chalero Back Translation)

See also nations.

complete verse (Ezekiel 34:28)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Ezekiel 34:28:

  • Kupsabiny: “Other nations shall no longer plunder them for their things and the wild animals shall not eat/disturb them. (They) shall live in peace so that no one shall again threaten (them).” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “They will- no-longer be-abused by the other nations and they no-longer will-be-eaten by the wild animals. They will-live safe from disaster and no one will-cause- them -to-be-afraid.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Soldiers from other nations will no longer take away their valuable possessions, and wild animals will no longer attack them. They will live safely, and no one will cause them to be afraid.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

Translation commentary on Ezekiel 34:28

Here God continues to describe the implications of the coming peace for his people.

They shall no more be a prey to the nations means they will never be plundered and exiled by other nations, such as the Babylonians who had done so. For prey see Ezek 34.8. Contemporary English Version renders this clause as “Foreign nations will never again rob them,” and New Century Version has “They will not be led captive by the nations again.”

Nor shall the beasts of the land devour them: For the beasts of the land, see verse 25. Devour means to “kill and eat” (Good News Translation, Contemporary English Version). This clause brings back the picture of the sheep instead of the people, but it is not necessary to make it explicit.

They shall dwell securely: See verse 25. Good News Translation and New Living Translation say “They will live in safety.”

And none shall make them afraid: The people will feel so safe and secure that they will not be afraid of anyone or anything.

A model for this verse is:

• They will no longer be people that foreign nations will hunt [or, Foreign nations will no longer look for them to plunder them], and wild animals will not kill and eat them. They will live in safety. No one will make them afraid.

Quoted with permission from Gross, Carl & Stine, Philip C. A Handbook on Ezekiel. (UBS Helps for Translators). Miami: UBS, 2016. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .