Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Revelation 22:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 22:4:

  • Uma: “and see his appearance with their own eyes. The name of God was written on their foreheads.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They will see God’s face and God’s name will be written on their foreheads.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They shall see His face, and upon their foreheads will be written His name.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They will see his face, and his name, it will be written on their foreheads.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “They will see his face and his name will be written on their foreheads.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “These people will see the face of God. And the name of God is written on the foreheads of the people.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 22:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 22:5:

  • Uma: “There was no longer night, and the contents of that village did not need lamps or the shining of the sun, because God himself shone-on them. They ruled as kings forever.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “There will be no night and they no longer need a lamp or the light of the sun because God, the Lord, is their light. And they will reign forever.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “There is no night there, and there is no longer any need for a lamp or the light of the sun, for their lamp is the Lord God of all, and they will rule forever.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “It will not again become-night, and they won’t need lights and the sun, because the Lord God will be illuminating them. And they will rule-with him forever.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “There really is no more night there, therefore they have no more need of lamps. They also no longer need the light of the sun for God is the one who will light them. And they will now reign with a kingship which has no ending.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “There in the city there is no night. The people who live there have no need for lamps to light their way. Neither do they need the sun to give light. Because God is the one who gives light for the people. And these people who live there will rule forever.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 22:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 22:6:

  • Uma: “After that, and the angel said to me: ‘All those words earlier are true and will certainly happen / come-to-pass. The Lord God who gave his Spirit to all the prophets, he is the one who ordered his angel(s) to come here to show to his servants/slaves what must quickly happen.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then the angel said to me, ‘These messages/words are true and can be trusted. God the Lord who gave his Spirit to the prophets, he commanded his angel to tell to his servants about what should happen in the future. It is not long now and it will happen.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then the angel said to me, he said, ‘These words which you have heard are true and will surely come to pass. Our God the Lord of all has given the Holy Spirit to His prophets, and He has sent His angel to show His servants what must soon come to pass.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then the angel said to me, ‘All these-things that have been told you (sing.) are true and totally believable. Because the Lord God who gave his Spirit to direct the minds of the prophets, he also is the one who sent me who am his angel to make-known to you (pl.) who serve him what must soon happen.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “That angel next said to me, ‘These words which you heard are really true, they won’t be changed. For God who causes the Espiritu Santo to enter-and-indwell his prophets, he indeed is the one who sent his angel to make known to his servants the things which he has determined to happen in a short time.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The angel said to me: ‘Concerning the words here, all are true. You can believe all these words. In past days God put in the minds of his spokesmen the word they were to speak. But now at this time he has sent his own angel to have the workers of God told these words about what must soon happen.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 22:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 22:7:

  • Uma: “The Lord Yesus said: ‘I am about to arrive-e’! [particle connoting: ‘watch out, listen up!’] Blessed/Fortunate are the people who follow the advice written in this letter of foretelling.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘Listen,’ says Isa. ‘My coming is near. Happy are the people who believe-obey what is foretold in this book.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus says, ‘I am coming soon! All who obey My words which have been revealed to you in this book will greatly rejoice.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus says, ‘Listen to this. My coming will-be soon. Fortunate is the person who is following what has been prophesied in this book.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘You (pl.) must listen,’ is what Jesus said. ‘It is really certain that I will come before long.’ Therefore he can be happy who really obeys all this which has now been caused to be comprehended, which is contained here in this writing.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Then Jesus said: ‘It will be soon when I come,’ he said. The good fortune will be met by the people who believe the word here and will do the words which this book says.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 22:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 22:8:

  • Uma: “I Yohanes, I heard and I saw all that the angel pointed-out to me. After I heard and saw [it], I bowed down on my face in front of him intending to worship him.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “I am Yahiya. I have heard and seen all that is written in this book. When I had heard and seen all this, I prostrated at the feet of the angel who had shown me all this, that is (I was) about to praise him.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “I am John, the one who saw and heard all these things that I have written here. When I finished seeing and hearing all of these things, I fell down before the angel who showed me all this for I wanted to worship him.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “I am Juan who has heard and seen these-things that have been written here. Upon my hearing and seeing-it, I knelt face-down before the angel who showed it to me in order to worship him koma.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “I who am Juan am the one who heard and saw all of this. And then after I had seen, I bowed down in front of that angel who showed these things to me for I was going to worship him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “I, John, heard the words here. That which I saw is what is written here. Upon hearing and seeing what I was to see, I knelt, wanting to worship the angel who showed me what I had seen.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 22:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 22:9:

  • Uma: “But he forbade me, he said: ‘Don’t! Don’t worship me. Worship God. Because I am just a servant of God, the same as you (sing.) and the same as your (sing.) fellow prophets and all the people who follow the words which are written in this letter.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But he said to me, ‘Don’t prostrate before me, because we (dual) are equally servants of God, like also your brothers, the prophets, and all who believe-obey the words in this book. God is the only one you shall praise.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “But he shouted to me, he said, ‘Don’t you worship me, because I and you and your fellow prophets of God and all who obey the words in this book, we are all just the same, servants of God. Only worship God,’ he said.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But he said to me, ‘Don’t! God alone is the one whom you (sing.) are to worship! Because I also am one who serves God just as you (sing.) and your (sing.) companions who are prophets and all who obey what has been written in this book.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But what he said to me was, ‘Don’t! Don’t you do like that. He only, God, is the one you are to worship. For as for me, I am also his servant like you, like your siblings in believing who are prophets and all who really obey the things said which are written here in this writing.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But the angel said to me: ‘No, do not worship me. Because I also am just a worker for God like you are a worker for God. Just like your brothers who speak God’s word and like the people who believe this word and are pleased to do whatever word is written in this book, all are workers for God. As for you, worship God,’ he said to me.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Kituba: “. . .:’No, don’t worship me! (But) worship God! We (you and I) all and you (singular) and brothers of you that are prophets of God, and people those all who obey the words that are in this book, we all serve one Lord.’” (Source: Donald Deer in The Bible Translator 1973, p. 207ff. )

complete verse (Revelation 22:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 22:10:

  • Uma: “And he said further to me: ‘Don’t hide the foretelling words in this letter, because their happening/fulfillment has almost come.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “And he said to me, ‘Do not hide what is foretold in this book because the time is close when all this will happen.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And he said again, ‘Don’t keep secret these words which have been revealed to you in this book for all of this will soon come to pass.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then he went-on to say, ‘Don’t be-quiet-about what has been prophesied which has been written in this book, because its fulfillment will-be soon.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And then what he further said to me was, ‘Don’t hide but rather make known these things shown to you which you have written in this writing. Because it won’t be long until these are fulfilled.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But again he said to me: ‘Do not cover up the words written in this book. Because more nearer is coming the day when it will happen, these words written here.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 22:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 22:11:

  • Uma: “People who are evil, let them do evil. People who sin, let them sin. People who are upright, let them do upright [deeds]. People who are holy, let them to do holy [deeds].'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Whoever does bad and defiling things, let them continue/increase their bad and defiling doings. Likewise also whoever does good and holy things, let them continue/increase their good and holy doings.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “At that time,’ he said, ‘he whose actions are still bad, let him continue doing bad, and he whose actions are still filthy, let him continue doing filthy things, and he whose actions are good at that time, let him continue doing good, and he who obeys what God wants, let him continue obeying what God wants.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “And when that time arrives, those who do what is evil and filthy, they must continue doing what is evil and filthy. Those however who do what is good and those whose way-of-life is holy, they must continue doing what is good and following a holy way-of-life.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore since that’s how it is, those doing evil will just continue to cause evil, because that’s what they like doing. Like that too are those whose nature/ways are disgusting, they will just continue to make them disgusting. But the people of God who do good, they must just continue these good works of theirs and be careful to be far from all sin.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “As for the person who continues on as an evil person, then he can just go on doing evil.’ he said. ‘As for the person who likes to do evil, then he can just go on doing evil. But as for the person who likes to do good, he should go on doing good. The person who has given his heart over to God, let him continue only following God, let him not separate.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)