The Greek that is translated with the capitalized “Father” in English when referring to God is translated in Highland Totonac with the regular word for (biological) father to which a suffix is added to indicate respect. The same also is used for “Lord” when referring to Jesus. (Source: Hermann Aschmann in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 171ff. )
Like a number of other East Asian languages, Japanese uses a complex system of honorifics, i.e. a system where a number of different levels of politeness are expressed in language via words, word forms or grammatical constructs. These can range from addressing someone or referring to someone with contempt (very informal) to expressing the highest level of reference (as used in addressing or referring to God) or any number of levels in-between.
In the widely-used Japanese Shinkaiyaku (新改訳) Bible of 2017, God the Father is addressed with mi-chichi (御父). This form has the “divine” honorific prefix mi– preceding the archaic honorific form chichi for “father.”
If, however, Jesus addresses his Father, he is using chichi-o (父を) which is also highly respectful but does not have the “divine” honorific.
The Greek terms krino and katakrino/katadikazo that are translated as “judge” and “condemn” respectively in English are translated with only one term in Kutu (tagusa). (Source: Pioneer Bible Translators, project-specific translation notes in Paratext)
Following are a number of back-translations of John 5:22:
Uma: “My Father himself does not judge the affairs of man. All power to judge he has offered/given to me his Child.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “And it is not my Father God who judges mankind. But he has given to me the authority to judge all mankind,” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “As for my father, he is not the one who will investigate in the future the things that all mankind has done. Because I, his child, he has given to me the right to investigate what humanity has done.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “My Father moreover, he will not judge anyone, but rather he has handed-over to me his Child the authority to judge,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “The Father really will not judge anyone at all. He has given to his Son the authority that he will be the one to judge/sentence,” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Tenango Otomi: “The Father doesn’t sentence any person. He has given the authority to his Son to decide the sentence.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
Nor does the Father himself judge anyone may be rendered “my Father does not judge anyone.” There are, however, some difficulties in the selection of a term for judge. The tendency is to select a term which means “to condemn,” but this specific function of God’s Son is ruled out in the present passage. What is needed is a term for judge which will imply neutrality or unbiased judgement, resulting in spiritual life or death.
He has given his Son the full right to judge is literally “he has given all judgement to the Son.” As in verse 19 (see there), so here Good News Translation renders the definite article “the” as his.
It may be helpful to note the way in which He has given his Son the full right to judge is treated in various translations. New English Bible is essentially the same as Good News Translation, but the level of language is different: “but has given full jurisdiction to the Son.” Jerusalem Bible “he has entrusted all judgement to the Son” and New American Bible “but has assigned all judgement to the Son” are rather close. Phillips renders by “he has put judgement entirely into the Son’s hands.” Moffatt has “he has committed the judgement which determines life or death entirely to the Son,” thus making explicit the meaning of the phrase “all judgement.” Moffatt probably does not go too far, inasmuch as the judgement referred to in this verse includes both the power to give life and the power to condemn those who do evil. See further the comments on verse 23.
He has given his Son the full right to judge may be rendered idiomatically in some languages: “He has put in my hand the power to judge” or “He has said to me, ‘You are the one to judge’ ” or “He has put me on the stool of judgement saying ‘Now you must be the judge.’ ”
Quoted with permission from Newman, Barclay M. and Nida, Eugene A. A Handbook on the Gospel of John. (UBS Handbook Series). New York: UBS, 1980. For this and other handbooks for translators see here .