Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 4:10:
- Uma: “When did Abraham become straight in God’s sight? After he was circumcised, or before he was circumcised? If we read the account, we clearly see: Abraham became straight in God’s sight before he was circumcised.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “When did God consider Ibrahim as straight? Was it after he was circumcised or before (lit. not yet)? Before he was circumcised he was already considered straight by God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when did this take place? It took place before Abraham was circumcised, which is to say before he was a Jew, God considered him to be righteous.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “When did that happen? Was it when he had already gotten-circumcised? No, but rather it was when he was not yet circumcised.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “Now when Abraham was cleared, was he already marked or was he not yet marked when he was cleared? He was cleared before he was marked.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 9:7:
- Noongar: “When Herod was King of Galilee, he heard all the things which had happened. He became very confused because people were saying, ‘John the Baptist has come back to life’.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
- Uma: “At that time, the ruler in Galilea was Herodes Antipas. When Herodes heard all that Yesus had done, he was just confused. Because there were those who said: ‘That Yesus is Yohanes the Baptizer come-to-life again.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “After this, Herod, the king of the place Jalil heard all that Isa had done. He didn’t know (what to think of it)/was confused for some people said that this Isa was Yahiya who bathed the people who had come to life again from death, they said.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And these things that Jesus and company were doing, Governor Herod heard about it in the province of Galilee, and it troubled his breath because there were some who said that Jesus was John the Baptist, raised from the dead.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “When Governor Herod in Galilea heard about all these-things that plural Jesus were doing, his thoughts were in-turmoil/disturbed, because some said that Juan the Baptizer had come-to-life again.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tagbanwa: “Herodes who was that king of Galilea heard news of all those things concerning Jesus. His mind/thinking was agitated for there were those who said that as for this Jesus, maybe he was indeed that Juan who was the first to baptize who had come alive again.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 5:8:
- Uma: “When he took that letter/paper, the four living things and the twenty-four elders lay prostrate, worshipping that Lamb. Each of them held a harp and a golden basin full of fragrant stuff called incense. That incense means the prayers of people who are the portion of God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “When he took it, immediately the four different-kind-of angels and twenty four elders prostrated towards him, that is praising him. Each one of the elders held a harp and a golden censer full of incense. Because the fragrance of that incense is a sign of the prayers of the people belonging to God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when He took the scroll, the four creatures and the twenty-four elders fell down on their faces in front of the young sheep to worship Him. Each one of the elders had a harp (arpa), and they were holding golden bowls full of sweet smelling stuff which is burned to make sweet smelling smoke. The meaning of this is the prayers of the people who belong to God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “Upon his taking it, the four creatures and the twenty four leaders, they knelt face-down in front of him. Each of the leaders, he had a harp (loan arpa) which he was strumming and he was holding a gold bowl full of incense (loan insinso) which are the prayers of God’s people.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tagbanwa: “When he took hold of it, those four created living beings and those twenty four elders bowed down with their faces down low, each of them (the elders) holding a stringed-instrument which was an alpa, and also holding a gold bowl full of incense. What was meant by that was the prayers of God’s people.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “When he took the paper, the four who stood at each corner of the throne and also the twenty-four who sat in the chairs all kneeled before the Lamb. Each of them had a stringed instrument named harp and each held a bowl of gold in which burned incense. This stands for the prayers to God made by the people who are in the hand of God.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Martu Wangka: “Then after that, those same four and the twenty four old men, they went to that young sheep and they lay face down to praise him. They had guitars, each one of them, in their hands and they each had a billy/bowl in their hand and there was smoke rising from those. A long time back the Father’s relatives (God’s people) were praying to the Father from the earth. As they were praying to the Father, then their talk would become smoke, and I saw smoke rising from those bowls.” (Source: Carl Gross)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 5:17:
- Uma: “From the transgression of that one person, all people have to die because of their connection with that one person. But indeed greater is the deed/doing of the other one person, that is Yesus Kristus! Whoever believes in Yesus Kristus, they get power and good life forever. They get that as a free gift from God because his love to us is so big. He says that we are straight in his sight because of our connection with Yesus Kristus.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “The result of God’s love and pity/mercy to us (dual) is greater than the result of Apu’ Adam’s sin. Because of Apu’ Adam’s sin all men are destined to die. But the ones who receive/accept the love and pity/mercy of God are already considered straight by God, which is like God’s gift. They will live in heaven without end and they will rule together with Isa Almasi because they trust Isa Almasi.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Now, if because of the transgression of this one person who is Adam, all mankind die, how much more surprising is that which was done by one person also, who is Jesus Christ. For anybody who accepts God’s great kindness to them by means of Jesus Christ, they will be regarded righteous and they will be given life forever, and they will be able to rule along with God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “It is admittedly true that all people must die because of the sin of the one, but the result of what the one person Jesu Cristo did is far weightier. Because due to him, all who receive God’s extreme grace and the righteousness which he gifted, they will enjoy the life that has no end and will join Cristo in his ruling.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “By reason of this one person who committed sin, afterwards all the people must go through death. But concerning all who meet God’s grace, being cleared of their sins, they will be given the new life by reason of Jesus Christ.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
- Huehuetla Tepehua: “Just because one person sinned, all people die. But now just because of one person, the one, Jesus Christ, God can do us a favor when he forgives our sins. And for that reason he sees us as if our lives were straight. And all of those who receive the favor which God has done, they will be chiefs with Christ in heaven.” (Source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 9:39:
- Noongar: “An evil spirit quickly attacks him and screams and throws him down fitting so he foams at the mouth. The evil spirit always hurts him and will not leave him.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
- Uma: “When he is entered by an-evil-one, he shouts and thrashes-around, until his mouth foams. There is almost no going-out of the evil-one that makes-him-sick.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “For he is demon possessed. Suddenly he will shout and then he becomes stiff and he convulses until his mouth is foaming. And the demon will only leave him when he is tired out (the child) and his body is bruised.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Look at him because he is afflicted with a demon, and when it comes to afflict him, he suddenly screams and he shakes and he foams at the mouth, and this demon that afflicts him continues tormenting him until his body is bruised and the demon does not let go of him for a long time.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “Because there is a evil-spirit that possesses him. When it catches him, he suddenly-screams, convulses and his mouth foams. He excessively keeps-hardshipping him until he is exhausted and he doesn’t let-him-alone.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tagbanwa: “Every time he is made-crazy by an evil spirit, suddenly/unexpectedly he cries out, falls and stiffens, and his mouth froths. This one making him crazy really never leaves him and he’s been caused much pain.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 7:9:
- Uma: “After that, I again saw people/mankind no kidding their manyness, no-one could count them. They were from all over the world, from every country, every descent-group and every kind of language. They stood in front of the Seat of the King and in front of the Lamb. They were dressed in white clothes and they held fronds which they continually waved as a sign of their respect/honor.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “After that I saw crowds of people, very many, uncountable. Those people were from all kingdoms in the world, from all tribes, from all places and from every kind of language. They were standing there facing the throne and the one called the Sheep. They wore white robes and carried each one of them (something) like the shape of the end of a coconut palm leaf.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “After that I saw a great number of people who could not be counted because they were so many. They came from every kingdom, and tribe, and race, and every language. They were standing before the seat of God and before the young sheep. They were dressed in white, and they were carrying leafy branches.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “When I looked-from-a-distance again, why there were many people who couldn’t be counted who were from all nations and groups whose languages and skin were mutually-different. They were standing before the throne and the Sheep. They were dressed in white robes and they were holding leaves of trees like the coconut-palm as-evidence-of their happiness.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tagbanwa: “When that thing was ended, what I saw next was many, many people. They couldn’t be counted by anyone. Those people, they came from every language and nation. They were standing in the presence of that one who was sitting on the king’s seat and in the presence of that one referred to as Young Sheep. They were all dressed in white and they were holding fronds of a palm like badangan.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “Having passed what I saw, I looked again, and there were very many people whom I saw. They had come from all the nations, they were natives of everywhere. And each one spoke different languages. They stood in front of the chair where the Lamb stood at. Very, very many people were there, they couldn’t be counted. And all were clothed in white clothing and all held palm branches.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 7:5:
- Uma: “Formerly, before we believed in Yesus, there was a desire of our hearts to do evil. What was forbidden to us in the Lord’s Law, that is just what we wanted to do. That’s why in our former lives we used our bodies to do sin, with the result that we were fit to be punished with death and separated from God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “Formerly at the time when that was what we (incl.) followed/obeyed our (incl.) inborn sinning/old nature (coined phrase in Yakan disalite bi magdusehin), after we (dual) heard the law we (dual) did the (things) that are evil just the same and our (dual) desire to sin increased/became more yet. Therefore we (incl.) did evil and this results in our (incl.) dying and going to hell.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For long ago when we were still obeying our own desire, there were some activities that the Law forbade; and because these things were forbidden, it turned out that these were the very things that we (incl.) wanted to do. And since we did things like that, the only thing that we could look forward to long ago, was death without end.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “Because previously when we were obeying what our human (connotes limited, sinful humanity) minds desired, our evil desires increased more-and-more because of our coming-to-know the law, and we were doing what would have led to our death and our separation from God to be punished.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tenango Otomi: “In the days gone past, all the evil we walked in. Upon knowing what was said in God’s law, then all the more there arose in our hearts to do sin. But the payment for sin is death.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 10:9:
- Noongar: “heal the sick people of the house and tell people, ‘The Kingdom of God has come close to you’.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
- Uma: “Heal the sick in the town, and say to the townspeople: ‘The time has come for God to become King in your midst.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
- Yakan: “Heal the sick people that are there and say to the people, ‘God’s rule is come/reached here to/with you.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
- Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Heal the sick in that village, and you tell all the people there that the time of God to rule them is very near.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
- Kankanaey: “heal the sick, and tell the residents there that God’s ruling them is near.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
- Tagbanwa: “Heal those who are ill there, and say to the people of the town, ‘The kingdom of God is close to you now.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
- Gurung: “. . . You have had the opportunity to see God’s powerful works.” (Source: Warren Glover in The Bible Translator 1978, p. 231ff.)
