Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Hebrews 9:12)

Following are a number of back-translations of Hebrews 9:12:

  • Uma: “He entered into that tent, [and went] straight into the More Holy Room coming-before God. And the blood that he brought when he entered, it was not the blood of male goats or the blood of calves. He entered bringing his own blood. That entering of his was just one time, and it does not need to be repeated, for with his blood that he brought, he redeemed our sins forever.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “And when Isa entered the place that is figuratively like the Most Holy Room, he entered only once (and) all came to fruition. And he did not take with him into it the blood of goat and cow sacrifices but that is what he took his own blood to take away our (incl.) sins, therefore we (incl.) have salvation forever.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And He has only entered once into that very precious room in the church which is there in Heaven and He will not do it again. He did not enter there to offer the blood of just animals like goats and young cows, but rather he entered there to sacrifice His own blood and because of this sacrifice of His body, He made it possible that our being freed from punishment is without end.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “His entering there, it was not by-means-of the blood of goats and male cows but rather by-means-of his own blood, and only once did he enter, it was not necessary to be repeated, because he had already fulfilled what needed to be done so that we might be set-free and be saved forever.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “This Cristo, he entered only once in the Exceedingly Far-from-ordinary Room which is in heaven. That once was enough. And it wasn’t blood of goats and young cows that he took with-which-to-ask-for endless forgiveness, but rather really his own blood, this really being with-what-he-took-the-punishment for the sin of us people so that we would be saved without ending.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Christ has now gone into the place which is overflowingly holy. But concerning the blood he takes to offer, it is Christ’s own blood which is offered. It isn’t the blood of cows or goats which is offered like the priests do here on earth. And he does not have to keep going in; rather one time only he went in forever in order to save us.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 13:30)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 13:30:

  • Uma: “But God made him live again.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But God made him alive again from his death.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Now God raised him from the dead.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But God made-him-live again.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But, although it happened like that, he was made alive again by God.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 11:28)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 11:28:

  • Uma: “They asked Yesus, they said: ‘Tell us (excl.) from where is your authority [lit., seat] to do all this in the House of God. Who gave you authority like that!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They said to him, ‘What was your authority to do what you did the other day? Who gave you the authority?'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They asked Jesus, ‘All these things that you do here in the church, do you have a right to do them and who gave you the right to do them?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They asked him saying, ‘What is your (sing.) authority to be doing these-things? Who gave you (sing.) this authority of yours (sing.)?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “They questioned him, saying, ‘What is your authority for doing these things? Who gave you this authority?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Hebrews 10:16)

Following are a number of back-translations of Hebrews 10:16:

  • Uma: “‘This is the Promise that I will make with them in the coming days. My commands I will put in their hearts, and I will write in their thoughts.’ Like that the words of the Lord. After that he also says:” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘This is my covenant/promise to my people in the future, says God: I will put my laws into their livers and I will figuratively write them into their minds/thoughts.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “‘As for me, the Lord, this is a new way which I will establish for My subjects in the future so that I might accept them. I will write My Laws in their breaths and in their minds,’ He said.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘This is what I will present-to them -for-agreement in a future day. I will write my laws on their minds.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘`When the time arrives, this is the new initiated-agreement that I will initiate with them,’ says God. ‘I will really store-away in their heads these laws of mine, and I will also then cause-them-to-pierce their minds/inner-being.”” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “‘Concerning Israel, there will come the day that it will be. I then will cause the people to understand in their hearts about the word God commands, they will have pleasure to do what I order them to do,’ says God.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 14:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 14:10:

  • Uma: “That is why he said loudly: ‘Stand up straight!’ Up he stood, and he walked back and forth.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then Paul spoke loudly. ‘Stand up,’ he said to the crippled man. Immediately the man sprang up to stand and he walked.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “and made his voice loud, and he said, ‘Stand up straight.’ And then he stood up and he walked around.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “So he raised (lit. made-strong) his voice saying, ‘Stand-up!’ Right-then he stood-right-up and walked.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “and spoke loudly saying, ‘Go ahead! Stand up now!’ Without anything further, that person jumped up, and straight away he could walk.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

For the Old Testament quote, see Ezekiel 2:1.

complete verse (Mark 12:27)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 12:27:

  • Uma: “So, from those words of God, we clearly know that Abraham, Ishak and Yakub were alive. For it is not people who are dead who worship God, it is people who live who worship him. How wrong that thinking of yours is.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “God is God of the living not God of the dead. (That means that even though Ibrahim and Isahak and Yakub have died long-ago, they live there in heaven because they still worship God.) You are really mistaken/at-fault in your thinking.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “which is to say, they were still worshipping God for the one who worships him, even if he dies, he still has life. That’s why you are very much mistaken.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “What this means to say is that the dead live again, because God, he is not the God of dead people but rather the living. Therefore it is true that you are thoroughly mistaken.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Of course he is not the God of people who are dead but on the contrary, alive. Therein it’s clear that Abraham and company (i.e. Isaac and Jacob) are alive again even though they had already died. Your understanding really is very wrong.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Mezquital Otomi: “Because God says he is the God of those three men who have died, we all know that they still live and worship him. …”
  • Tzotzil: “Well then, I say to you, even though the forefathers of Moses are dead people, God spoke about them as if they were living people. Therefore you should know they are still living because God spoke thus. …”
  • Ocotlán Zapotec: “If God is God of Jacob, Isaac, and Abraham, he is God of those who are alive, even though they have died. …”
  • Quiotepec Chinantec: “God is the God of the living. He is also the God of the dead because they are not dead to Him, they also are living.”
  • Ocotlán Zapotec: “If God is God of Jacob, Isaac, and Abraham, he is God of those who are alive, even though they have died.” (Source for this and four above: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)

complete verse (Hebrews 11:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Hebrews 11:9:

  • Uma: “When he arrived in that village/place, he believed God’s promise that said that that land would become his portion and the portion of his descendants. God promised like that also to the child of Abraham named Ishak and his grandchild named Yakub. But even though that land was their portion according to God’s promise, they dwelled in that land merely like visitors. They dwelt in tents.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Because of his trust he lived like a foreigner in the country that God had promised to him. He moved about and his house was a house of animal skin and like that were also his child Isahak and his grandchild Yakub. They were also included in what God had promised that they should have that land.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when he arrived there at that land, he believed that the time would come in the future, when God would give to him that land. In spite of that, as for the place he lived there, they were just shelters roofed with cloth and it seemed as if he was not a true resident of that land. And it was the same way also, what was done by his son Isaac and his grandson Jacob; even though God had promised to them that they would come to own that land.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because of his faith moreover, he was patient/endured to reside in a tent like a stranger in the-aforementioned country that God had promised was his. And so also did Isaac who was his son and Jacob who was his grandchild who were indeed also counted with him as joining-in-inheriting what God had promised.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “By the strength of his believing/obeying and trust he lived like just a foreigner there in that place which was the one God had promised him. The house he lived in was one that could just be folded-up, and-it-was-the-same-with Isaac and Jacob who also received God’s promise which was just like that.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Upon arriving at the land God promised him to be his possession, he found that there already were people who owned the land. But Abraham believed that it is true what God says and he borrowed a place where he lived. He made tents and lived in them. When Isaac lived, he did the same. When Jacob lived, he did the same. These had applied to them the word which God had promised before.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 15:14)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 15:14:

  • Uma: “We just heard the words of Simon, telling us how God first showed his love for the people who are not Yahudi people, he chose from their midst people whom he made his people/crowd.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Petros has explained to you just now about how God first showed his love to the non-Yahudi tribes in order that there will also be some from them who belong to God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “As for God, Simon Peter, has already told you what he did when he first began to cause the Gentiles to believe so that there might be some people also from them that would follow him.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Simon Pedro has-just-related God’s first showing of his grace/mercy to the people who are Gentiles in order that he would choose-from-among them those who would be called his people.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “We have now heard that story of Simon Pedro’s, how God began to cause people who aren’t Jews to believe, so that among them also, there would be those who could be included as his people.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)