Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Luke 21:20)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 21:20:

  • Noongar: “‘When you see soldiers surrounding Jerusalem, then you will know this place will soon be destroyed.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “‘When you see this town of Yerusalem surrounded by the enemy soldiers, you will know that it will not be much longer [until] Yerusalem is destroyed.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘When you see the town Awrusalam surrounded by soldiers, you will know that soon it’s disaster is coming.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus said again, ‘And when you see this town of Jerusalem surrounded by enemy soldiers, you will know then that it will soon be destroyed.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus also said, ‘When you see that many soldiers are surrounding Jerusalem, this is how-you -will-know that its destruction is near.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Now when you observe that Jerusalem is being beseiged by soldiers, be sure that its destruction is near.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (1 Corinthians 11:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Corinthians 11:2:

  • Uma: “Continuing on, relatives, I praise you because in every way you always remember me, and you always follow the teachings I delivered to you.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “I really praise you because you always remember me and you follow what I formerly taught you.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “There is that which you do which I’m always saying is very good, and it is: you’ve not forgotten what I taught you. As for the things I commanded you, you always carry them out.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “I praise you because you are-thinking-of me in all that you do and you are also following the teachings that we inherited that I passed-on to you.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well now, what you are doing is good that, in everything, you are ascertaining (lit.looking for) what I taught you, and following/obeying it.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Listen brothers, I rejoice in that you always remember me and you have not separated from the word I taught you.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 22:14)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 22:14:

  • Noongar: “When the moment came, Jesus and his disciples went to the table and sat down.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “When the time to eat the Paskah food had really come, Yesus sat with his disciples in that house.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When the time of the feast had come Isa and his apostles sat down to eat.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when it was time for supper, Jesus sat down with his apostles to eat.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When the right hour arrived, Jesus sat-down-with his apostles to eat.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When the hour/time had now arrived, Jesus sat down at the eating-place together with his disciples.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 1:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 1:11:

  • Uma: “Yosia was the progenitor of Yekhonya and his relatives/siblings. At that time the Yahudi people were taken-captive going to Babel.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Josiah was the father of Jeconiah and his siblings. That was the time when the Babylonians carried the Israelites to Babylon.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “And Josias was the father of Jeconias and his siblings at the time that the Jews had-been-forcibly taken to Babilonia.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Josias was the father of Jeconias and his brothers. At that time, the Israelita were captured/taken-prisoner by the taga Babilonia.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Josiah was the father of Jechoniah along with others of his brothers. This was at the time when the Jews were grabbed and taken to the land of Babylon.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (1 Corinthians 11:34)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Corinthians 11:34:

  • Uma: “If someone is hungry, he should eat beforehand at his house. Don’t gather to have a service, yet end up getting punishment from the Lord instead. And as for the other matters, I’ll just arrange them when I arrive.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “If someone of you is hungry, he should eat ahead in his house, then when you gather you will not be hit by God’s judgment. I still have some teaching for you, but I will wait until I come to you.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “If there’s someone who is hungry, it’s necessary that he satisfies his hunger in his own house so that the Lord might not punish you when you disobey what he commanded about your gathering together. Here are some other words of advice I have for you, but I will wait until I arrive there to tell you about them.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “If also someone is hungry, he should eat first at his home so that when you congregate-together, it doesn’t lead to your punishment. Concerning also the other-things I want to command/instruct you, let’s-wait until I go there (near addressee).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And as for those feasts where much is eaten, it’s good if you just do it in your own homes, not combining it with doing the remembrance of the Lord’s death, so that it won’t be the judgment of punishment which will be what comes of this gathering together of yours. Well, concerning the other matters, I will just fix them up when I arrive there.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But if there is someone who is very hungry, he should eat first before he leaves his home in order that he will not commit sin there where you gather. Then he will not be punished. Now, if there are other matters bothering you, I will talk to you about them when I have come to be with you.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 22:46)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 22:46:

  • Noongar: “He said to them, ‘Why are you lying asleep? Get up and ask God that you do not fall into temptation.'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “He said to them: ‘Why are you asleep! Get up and pray that you not receive undergo temptation.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “He said to them, ‘Why do you sleep? Stand up and pray to God so that you will not be carried-away by temptation/tempters.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then Jesus said to them, ‘Why are you sleeping? Get up and pray so that you may not be defeated by the temptation which is upon you.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then he said, ‘Why are you sleeping? Get-up/Wake-up so-that you will pray so-that you won’t be-tempted-and-yield.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “He awoke them and said, ‘Why are you sleeping now? Get up and pray so that you won’t be defeated by evil/evil-spirit when your believing-in/obeying me is tested.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 2:18)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 2:18:

  • Uma: “‘In the village of Rama no kidding the crying and weeping. Rahel is weeping for her children. She cannot be comforted, because they are no longer.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘A voice is heard wailing in the place of Rama. Rakel really cries because of her children. She does not want to be comforted because her children are dead.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “‘There is a noise (noise here is specific for what is heard when a group of people are talking or shouting or excited all at once) which we (dual) are hearing in the town of Ramah. We can hear crying and wailing because Rachel is mourning her children. She weeps and cannot be comforted because her children have been taken away.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘Extreme crying and mourning is-being-heard in Rama, because Raquel is crying-for her children. She absolutely cannot be comforted, because they have-ceased-to-exist.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘Loud-crying without restraint can be heard in Rama. For Raquel is crying over her children. She really won’t allow herself to be comforted because of her grieg over her children who have been wiped out.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “‘There in the city of Ramah was heard the great sad-speaking of a woman, and she was crying. This one is Rachel who weeps because her children were killed. And she didn’t want to be comforted because all her children were dead.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

For the Old Testament quote, see Jeremiah 31:15.

complete verse (1 Corinthians 13:1)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Corinthians 13:1:

  • Uma: “If for example we get the ability from the Holy Spirit to speak many kinds of human languages or also the languages of angels, but if we don’t have love for others, it has no use. Our words are just like a gong that goes-clang or like a drum that goes-thud, they have no use.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Even if for example I were given expertise to speak all languages here in the world and including I could speak the language of the angels, but if I had no love there would be no use in my expertise. My speech would be just like the noise of agongs or a tin can hit indiscriminately.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Even though I’m given the skill to talk in languages here on the earth, and even the language of the angels in Heaven but I do not love my companions, there is no value to the skill which is given me, because my speaking is just only like the sound of an gong or a bamboo clapper which is beaten on.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Even though I am able-to-speak the languages of people and even languages of angels, yet if I have no love for my companions, what I say is mere noise/disturbance like a clanging gong (cymbal deliberately omitted due to lack of meaningful RL equivalent).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Even if I can now speak many-different languages of people here under heaven, even though I haven’t studied them, or even the language of the angels, if I really don’t value my fellowman, those words of mine, they are useless. Just like the sound of percussion-instruments that are being struck haphazardly.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now, although we should know how to speak the languages of other people or if we knew the language spoken by angels, yet if we do not love our fellow men, then it is of no value. Concerning the words we would speak, they would be of no value because they would be like the cymbal when it is ringing or like the bell when it is ringing.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)