Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Luke 10:12)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 10:12:

  • Noongar: “I tell you, when the Day of Judgement comes, God will give more mercy to Sodom than their town.'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Yesus also said to his followers: ‘I say to you, on Kiama Day, the punishment of God punishing those townspeople will be greater than his punishment of the townspeople of Sodom town long ago.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “I tell you,’ said Isa, ‘that when the day comes when God judges mankind the judgment for the people of that place will be really greater (lit. heavier) than the judgment at the place Sodom, the place that is well known because of the sin of it’s people.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “I say to you,’ said Jesus, ‘that when the day arrives in the future for punishment, God’s punishment to that village will be greater than His punishment long ago to those wicked people who lived in the town of Sodom.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘Because I tell you that when the time-of-God’s -judging the many-people arrives, the punishment of the residents there will be heavier than the punishment of those-from-Sodoma.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For what I will say to you really is true that at the day of judging, much heavier will be the punishment of those people there in those towns, heavier that that which will be experienced by the taga Sodoma.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 9:15)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 9:15:

  • Uma: “[So] he freed them. From long ago those four angels were prepared ahead of time so that at the year and at the month and at the day and at the hour that was set for them, they could kill one third of all mankind.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then the four demons were untied. They had been ready beforehand and had been told to wait for this time, this day, this month and this year and now it had come. They should kill one part of the people in the world. Two parts would not be killed.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then the four angels were released. They were prepared beforehand for now so that they might kill a third part of all mankind.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “And he went and untied-them, because they had been prepared for this exact year and month, day and hour in which to go kill a third of the people.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, those four angels referred to were then let go, who were already in readiness, for God had really determined not only the year and the month but the day and hour as well when they would go-and-kill the third part of people here under the heavens.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The four angels were released then so that they would kill part of the people who live on earth. But it didn’t come up to half that were killed. This was the work which was determined for them to do when the hour came, the day came, the year came to do it.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 8:16)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 8:16:

  • Uma: “The Holy Spirit himself works together with our hearts, making-clear that we are the children of God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “We (incl.) are assured by God’s Spirit in our (incl.) liver that we (incl.) really are children of God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The Holy Spirit is the one who causes us to understand that we are the sons of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “It is indeed also the Holy Spirit who seconds/companions our minds in confirming that we are truly God’s children.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “And the Holy Spirit with whom we walk is the one who causes that we know in our hearts that now we are the children of God.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 11:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 11:2:

  • Noongar: “Jesus said to them, ‘When you pray to God, say this, ‘Father, your name is holy. Let the day come when you sit as king.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Yesus said saying to them: ‘When you pray, say like this: Father, our (excl.) request [is] that all people honor your (sing.)holy name, so that You (sing.) become King in the world.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa answered, he said, ‘When you pray it should be like this. Say: ‘O, Father, may your name be honored by all mankind. May it not be long (until) you rule over all mankind.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus said, ‘This is what you should imitate when you pray. You say, ‘Our Father there in Heaven, may mankind respect your name. May you rule over mankind.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus said to them, ‘When you pray, this is what you are to say: ‘Father, may your (sing.) holy name be praised/honored. May your (sing.) ruling arrive on the earth.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus replied saying, ‘Well, like this would be good for you to pray. ‘Father, your name is to be praised and acknowledged as very-far-from-ordinary. We request that it will soon come when you are now ruling over all people.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 11:15)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 11:15:

  • Uma: “The seventh angel blew his trumpet. The speakers in heaven shouted together. The sound of their mouths was very big, they said: ‘Now, all the kingdoms of the world become the Kingdom of our Lord, and the Kingdom of the Redeemer King whom he has chosen. He will rule forever.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then the seventh angel blew (the thing) like a tabuli’ that he was holding. When he blew it, immediately I heard strong voices from heaven. They spoke in unison, they said, ‘There is no-one else in the world now who rules. Only our (incl.) Lord, God and his chosen one, Almasi. And he will rule forever and ever.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then the seventh angel blew his trumpet, and in heaven was heard some loud voices which said, ‘The rule over mankind is there now with our Lord and with the king He chose, and this king, He will rule forever.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “After-that the seventh angel blew-his-horn, and there was a loud (lit. strong) voice in heaven which said, ‘Starting-from now, none other will rule in the world except only (lit. if not only) our Lord and the Messiah whom he sent, and he will rule forever.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “That seventh angel then blew his horn. And then I heard some speaking loudly in heaven, saying, ‘All people who are under the authority of the one who made them his subjects there under the heavens, now they are subjects of our God and Jesu-Cristo whom he has sent/entrusted. He really will reign without ending.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The seventh angel blew the trumpet. There spoke in heaven some who loudly said: ‘And now God along with Christ will show their power rule all the earth. He will rule forever.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Chichewa (interconfessional translation, 1999): “After this the seventh angel sounded his trumpet. When he did so, in heaven there were heard loud voices/words. The voices said, ‘Now the power of ruling the world it is in the hands of our Lord and in [those of] that Anointed One of his, and so he shall rule forever.'” (Source: Wendland 1998, p. 165f.)

complete verse (Romans 9:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 9:9:

  • Uma: “The child of Abraham named Ishak was born according to the promise of God to Abraham. God said to Abraham like this: ‘I will come here next year, and Sara your (sing.) wife will give birth to a male child.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “This hep is what God promised to Ibrahim, he said, ‘Next year I will come back and your (sing.) wife Sara will give birth to a male.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For God said to Abraham, ‘A year from now I will return to you and at that time Sarah will give birth to a male child.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because this is what God promised Abraham concerning Isaac: ‘When the right time arrives, I will show you (pl.) my power, and that’s when Sara will give birth to your child who will be a male.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Because this is the word which God told Abraham. He said: ‘There will come the day in which I will show you my power. Your wife Sarah will give birth to a son’ he said.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

For the Old Testament quote, see Romans 18:10 and Romans 18:14.

complete verse (Luke 11:34)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 11:34:

  • Noongar: “Your eyes are like light for the body. If your eyes are good, light will fill all your body; but if your eyes are bad, all your body will be in the dark.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Our eyes can be compared to torches. If our eyes are good, our seeing/sight is clear. But if our eyes are cloudy, our seeing/sight is dark.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Ones eyes are figuratively the lamp for ones body. If one sees clearly, that means ones doings are straight, it is as if ones whole body is light, but if ones vision is clouded/blurred that means ones doings are bad, it is as if ones whole body is dark.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The eye of a person is like a lamp in his body, for if his seeing is bright, which is to say, if his custom is righteous, it’s as if all of is body is illuminated. But if he is blind, which is to say, he is evil, it’s as if his whole body is darkened.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “The eye also, it is like a person’s light. So if your (sing.) seeing is good, it’s as if your (sing.) mind is totally lighted-up, but if your (sing.) seeing is bad, it’s as if your (sing.) mind is exceedingly dark.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Think about this, that your (sing.) eye is like the lamp of the body. If there’s nothing faulty with your eye, of course your whole vision is clear. But if there’s something wrong with your eye, of course your vision will be very dark.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Amele: “The light (fulacdoc ‘light’) of your body is your eye. If your eye lies good then all your body lies with light. But if your eye is blind your body is dark.” (Source: John Roberts in this article )

complete verse (Revelation 13:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 13:10:

  • Uma: “People who must be taken captive, they will definitely be taken captive. People who must be killed with a sword, they will definitely be killed with a sword. That is why the followers of the God must endure in trouble and not retreat from their faith.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “If God has fated you to be caught, you will be caught. If God has fated you to die being slashed (by sword) you will die being slashed. Therefore you, the ones belonging to God, you should simply endure and you should strengthen your faith.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “People who are fated to be imprisoned, they will certainly be imprisoned. Those people who use weapons to kill, weapons also will be used to kill them. Therefore, we who are believers in the Lord, let’s trust Him and endure hardship.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Those who are destined/designated to be imprisoned, they will indeed be imprisoned, and those who are destined/designated that they (other people) kill with a sword, they will indeed kill with a sword. Therefore God’s people must endure the hardship that they experience and persevere in believing.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “As many as have been destined/planned to be imprisoned, it’s certain that they will indeed be imprisoned. And as many as have been destined/planned to be killed with the sharp edge of a bladed-weapon, well like that indeed, they will be killed. That’s why as for the people of God, they must make-sturdy their belief and trust in him so that they will be able to hold fast no matter how much they are persecuted.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Those who take their fellow men and imprison them will also themselves be imprisoned. The people who killed their fellowmen with the sword will also themselves be killed with the sword. Therefore the people who are in the hand of God must endure whatever suffering must go through and must believe well that there will happen the word which God said will happen.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)