Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Matthew 24:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 24:7:

  • Uma: “At that time many villages will war against each other, one king opposing another king, and all over there will be famines and earthquakes.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “One tribe will fight with another tribe and one kingdom will fight with another kingdom. There will be famines and earthquakes in all the countries of the world.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “One place will fight against its companion place. One kingdom will war against its companion kingdom. Famine will happen and earthquakes all over.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because the collective-countries will wage-war and likewise also the governments. There will also be famines and earthquakes in the many-countries.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because nations will be at war (with each other), kingdoms against other kingdoms. Severe famines will come and the earth will quake all over the place.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Nations will arise to make war with other nations. Rulers will arise to make wars with other rulers. There will be famines, there will be epidemics. There will be earthquakes everywhere.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Philippians 4:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of Philippians 4:5:

  • Uma: “I hope all people see that your hearts are good [kind]. Remember, it won’t be much longer the Lord will come!” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “You should agree with your companions, because Isa Almasi, our (incl.) Leader will soon return.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “It’s necessary that you show kindness to everyone because the Lord will soon return.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Show your patience to all people, because the Lord’s coming is near.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Make sure that what your fellowman observes is your good nature/ways which are meek/patient. Consider that the Lord will indeed return before long.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Concerning the good in which you walk, show to the people who live there where you live that you are living as good people. The Lord will come in not such a long time.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 15:25)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 15:25:

  • Uma: “But it must be like that, so that the words will be fulfilled which are written in the Book of the Law that say: They hated me even though there was no reason.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But certainly/surely they would hate me so that the writing in the holy-book is fulfilled. The holy-book says: ‘They hate me without reason.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “By means of this, the prophecy in the law which was given to them long ago was fulfilled. It says, ‘Even though they have no reason to be against me, they are against me just the same.’ ‘” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But so it is (empathy particle, showing identification with another’s position), so-that what God caused-to-be-written will-come-true that says, ‘They hated me with no reason for it.’ ‘” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But this came just so that what is contained there in their writing which is the word of God might be fulfilled, which says, ‘They hate me even though there is nothing I have done which ought to be hated.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “These things occur because it must come to pass what is written in the Holy Book of the law they follow which says, ‘There isn’t any reason that I am hated.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 24:39)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 24:39:

  • Uma: “When the flood water came and swept-over them, only then did they become aware of what was happening. So also will be the laxness of mankind when I the Child of Mankind return here to the earth.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They did not know what was happening and suddenly the flood arrived and they all drowned. Na, like that will also be the people when I, the Son of Man come again.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “It wasn’t in their mind what would happen to them until the sea overflowed and they all drowned. Just as fast as that will be the surprise of my return in the future, the Older Sibling of Mankind.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They did not understand the fearful things that would shortly happen to them until the exact time-of-flooding of the earth that was the drowning of all of them. And like that also is what will happen when I come who am Child of a Person.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore when that flood came, the people had no awareness-of-danger. Well what else but what became of them was, they were all drowned because they were all swept-away-by-water. Like that indeed is what will happen at the arrival of the One From Heaven Born of Man/human.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “They knew what was happening when the terrible rain fell which finished off all the people. Again like that will the people be when the Man who will come from heaven comes.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Colossians 1:16)

Following are a number of back-translations of Colossians 1:16:

  • Uma: “For he is the one used-as-a-hand by God to create all that is, both in heaven and on earth, that which is seen and that which is not seen. All the angels and karampua [type of supernatural being, like a "god"], all that are powerful and have authority–he created everything with his power and according to his will.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “All things in the sky and here on earth, all things seen by human beings and the things which are not seen, all those who are ruling including the angels and the various kinds of evil spirits (lit. ones-who-tempt) were created by Almasi from the command of God and so that Almasi will be honored/made great.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “for by means of the Son of God, God created everything in Heaven and here on earth; those things which people can see and also those unseen supernatural beings that have authority and jurisdiction and rule. As for the Son, His Father God caused Him to make everything so that He might use everyone of these things He created.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because he of course is the one whom-God -caused-to-create all that exists in heaven and on the earth that can-be-seen and can-not -be-seen along with all the leaders and officials of the angels and other unseen-ones. Even anything that exists, it was created because of him and for him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because Cristo really is the one who created all these in heaven/sky and here in the world, those which we can see and those which, although they can’t be seen, have big strength and authority in their areas-of-jurisdiction. Really as for all things, he indeed is their origination and they are all the means-of-his -being-praised.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “On account of Jesus Christ there came to be all that has been made in heaven and all that there is on earth. These are all the things we see and also what we do not see. On account of him there live those who govern, and there live all those who are bosses. Because it was Christ who made all that there is. And it is he who rules all things.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 16:30)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 16:30:

  • Uma: “It is very clear to us (excl.): the Lord is the one who knows all. It is no longer necessary that anyone ask you (sing.) anything. That is why we (excl.) believe that you (sing.) are from God.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Now we (excl.) are sure that you know everything even though nobody asks you. Therefore we (excl.) really believe that you are from God.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “We know that you know everything because we don’t even have to ask you questions because you know about them already. That’s why we believe that you come from God.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Now indeed, we (excl.) surely know that you (sing.) know everything. Even the questions that are in a person’s mind, they don’t need to be told to you (sing.), because you (sing.) already know. Therefore we (excl.) believe that you (sing.) came-from God.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Now we (excl.) know that you are aware of all things. You don’t need to be questioned by anyone so that you will know what is in his mind/thinking, because even if he hasn’t yet brought-to-the-surface what he wants to ask about, you already know. Therein we (excl.) believe now that really as for you, you have truly come from God.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now we understand that you know everything. It isn’t necessary that first someone questions you. So we believe that you came from heaven where God is.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 25:21)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 25:21:

  • Uma: “‘The noble said: ‘Good! You (sing.) have done well the work I gave to you (sing.). So, since you (sing.) are upright in matters/things that are small, I will trust you (sing.) in things/matters that are big / a lot. Come, live with me and be happy along with me.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “His master said to him, ‘You have done well. You are a good servant and you are trustworthy. You are trustworthy with little therefore I will entrust to you many of my possessions. Come, be glad together with me.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And his master said, ‘Your work is very good. You are a faithful servant. Since you can be trusted with a little bit of money. I will entrust to you a lot. Come in here so that you might share in my joy.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘You have done well,’ said his master. ‘You (sing.) are (appreciation particle) a good and faithful servant. Because you (sing.) were trustworthy with the little I entrusted to you (sing.), I will add to it so that you (sing.) will be-responsible-for much. Come and join-in-celebrating with me.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘Good! You really are a trustworthy slave. Well, since you were trustworthy with a small sum, today I am putting you in charge of a large sum. You will have a share in my happiness.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The boss said to the worker: ‘That is good, you good worker, you didn’t fail me. You have done well with the little money I entrusted to you. So now much more I will entrust to you now. Forever you will be happy now,’ he said.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Colossians 2:19)

Following are a number of back-translations of Colossians 2:19:

  • Uma: “Those people no longer hold to the teaching that makes Kristus the main thing–yet Kristus is the very one whom we-consider-our head. All of us who believe in Kristus can be compared to Kristus’ body. Like the head controls the body and the body is connected and held together with its ligaments/tendons, so also Kristus unites us and leads/brings us so that our following him becomes stronger-and-stronger, according to God’s will/desire.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “These people are no longer remaining with Almasi and-what’s-more Almasi is hep figuratively the head and the ones trusting him are figuratively his body. Almasi rules his body, that means the ones who trust him. He strengthens their trust as God wants it and he causes them all to be one, as figuratively a body also is all tied together because of the veins. (anything stringy – ohat)” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They have no relationship with Christ who is our leader. Christ is the origin of the strength of our (incl.) faith and by means of him, the relationhsip of all of us (incl.) believers to each other, is made strong according to what God wants, just like our (incl.) body, it’s strength also increases and it does not fall apart because of the control of its ligaments.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They have been separated from Cristo who is compared to the head of us who believe, but as for us, we are joined to him, because we are the ones who are compared to his body. And the head is responsible-for/in-charge-of all the parts of the body so that each-one receives what it needs and the arrangement/organization and fitting-together of all of them is exactly right. Therefore the body increases-in-size according to the plan of God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “These people, (they) are not fundamentally-attached (lit.joined-to-the-main-part) to Cristo, he being the like-the-head of all those trusting and believing/obeying him, their likeness being, one body-entity. The parts of our body, (they) act-as-one because of the joints and the ligaments which tie-together the bones. And as long as they are fundamentally-attached to the head, they grow-strong and improve/do-well. Just like that, if we are fundamentally-attached to our like-the-head who is Cristo, God will bring-about/determine that we will really be-all-one and we will continually grow-strong and improve/do-well in our believing/obeying.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “These are people who have separated from Christ. And it is Christ alone who directs all the believers. And it is Christ who helps the believers because the believers are to be compared to his body. And He is the one who gives us power to live good like God wants us to live.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)