Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 2:13:
Uma: “But there were also part of them who made fun, they said: ‘They are just drunk!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “But there were some they just mocked the disciples of Isa. They said, ‘Those men/persons are drunk.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And some of them, they criticized the believers saying, ‘They are all drunk!'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “But there were also others who downgraded/ridiculed the believers saying, ‘Those-people are just drunk.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “But others only laughed. They said, ‘Expl., they’re drunk.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Tepeuxila Cuicatec: “Others taking it as a joke said, ‘They already drank sweet pulque.'”
San Mateo Del Mar Huave: “But some of them just made fun, they said, ‘They are drunk, they have drunk much wine,’ they said.”
Desano: “Others made fun of them and said, ‘They are very drunk.'”
Lalana Chinantec: “Other people mocked, they said, ‘They’re drunk. They have drunk wine that is just in the making,’ they said.”
Central Pame: “Some laughed at it, they said, ‘They have drunk too much grape liquid.'”
Chuj: “But there were others of them, they only insulted; they said untruthfully: ‘They are drunk,’ they said.” (Source for this and five above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 1:20:
Uma: “He called them to follow him. So they left their father in the boat with the people with them who were employed [lit., who ate salary], and they followed Yesus.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “Immediately they were called by Isa and asked by him to come along (lit. taken/carried by him). So-then they left their father in the boat and the people they were employing, and they followed now Isa.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when Jesus saw them, he called them to come with him, and then they left their father and their hired netters in the boat, and they went with Jesus.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “Jesus immediately-called them, and they left their father and the men he was salarying in the boat, and they went-with Jesus too.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “They were also called by Jesus. Those two also followed (right behind) Jesus. As for their father, he was there still in the boat, left. Just his people/workers were his companions.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Shipibo-Conibo: “Then they left their father Zebedee seated in the canoe. Together with the workers they abandoned him. Having abandoned him, they went together behind Jesus.” (Source: James Lauriault in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 32ff. )
Balinese: “Then He called them too and they followed in Jesus’ steps. Their father Zabdi was left behind by them in the boat with the people that receive wages.” (Source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “So he called them right then and there. And so they left their father Zebedee in the boat with the hired hands, and, taking a place behind him, they walked away.”
Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Timothy 2:3:
Uma: “Praying like that is good, and is liked by God the King who lifts us.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “When/if we (incl.) pray to God like this, it is good and God, the one who saves us (incl.), is pleased.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The reason I beg this is because prayer like this is good. This is what God our Saviour wants.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “Because it’s good if we do that and moreover that’s what pleases/satisfies God who saves us.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “Prayer like this is good and pleases God who is the origin of our salvation.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Tenango Otomi: “It is necessary that we pray for all people because this is what God looks well upon, he who is our Savior.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 2:45:
Uma: “There were some who sold the contents of their house, and the money of the selling was divided among their companions who were in need.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “They sold their properties/wealth and some of their belongings/things and they divided the money to help meet the need of each one.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They sold their possessions and land, and the sale price they distributed to all their companions according to what each one needed.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “They were also selling-and-selling their land and belongings to share-with their companions according to the needs of each one.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “The proof was, if one person had real-hardship, what others would do is, they would sell some belongings or a (valuable) possession and use (the money) to help that sibling of theirs in believing who was in difficulty, however much he needed.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Lalana Chinantec: “They sold what was their; the proceeds from that they gave to their companions who didn’t have anything.”
Morelos Nahuatl: “They sold all their lands and what they had. Then they distributed to everyone according to the amount each lacked.”
San Mateo del Mar Huave: “And also when they sold land, houses, or whatever they had, they divided everything, giving each one that which he lacked.” (Source for this and two above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 2:7:
Uma: “‘How dare that person talk like that! [lit., That person is so daring to talk like that!] He wants to make his life the same like the life of God! There is no one who can forgive sins, just God alone.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “‘Uy!’ they said. ‘He speaks as if he is God. Who can forgive sins except (lit. if not) God only.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “‘This man talks as if he can forgive sins. He has transgressed against God, because who can forgive sins if not God alone?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “‘Why did he say that? This person is making-himself -equal to God. Because who do-you-suppose (rhet. question) has authority to forgive sins if not God only?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “‘Why does this fellow speak like this, making-himself-God, for isn’t it so that only God is able to forgive sin?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Kim text for oral translation: “As Jesus knows the thoughts of people, when he understood that they think in their heart like that, he said to them: ‘You think word like that in your hearts why?‘” (Source: Bayamy Tchande Awakde in The Bible Translator 2025, p. 23ff.)
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “‘How can he talk like that? He is blaspheming. Who has the power to forgive sins except God alone?'”
Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Timothy 4:4:
Uma: “For everything that God created, it is all good, and there is nothing that is forbidden/taboo if we receive it with thanks to God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “Because all that God created is good. Therefore we (dual) should simply receive it as-long-as we (dual) give thanks to him.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Any kind of food which God created is good, and we must not say that anything is bad, rather we must accept it and give thanks for it.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “Because everything that God created is good, so there should be nothing that we consider-taboo but rather we are to receive everything that God gives, thanking him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “Really all which was created by God is wholly good. Therefore why should there be what is regarded as evil that must be avoided? What is good is, accept and give thanks for all of these.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Tenango Otomi: “For concerning all that God made to be eaten, all is good. It cannot be that we say that there is sin committed by the person who eats whatever he comes across. Rather let us thank God when we eat what he has made for us to eat.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 4:4:
Uma: “But the people who heard the words of Petrus and Yohanes earlier in the House of God, many of them believed in Yesus, with the result that the amount of the followers of Yesus just kept-increasing, until they were five thousand.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “But many who had heard what Petros and company spoke, believed and trusted in Isa. Just the men, their number was more or less five thousand.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “In spite of that, many who had listened to Peter and company believed. Therefore the number of men alone who were believers in Jesus came to be five thousand.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “But many of those who were listening believed nevertheless. The number of the men was about five thousand if those who believed at the first were counted-in.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “But many of those who had heard believed the teaching of Pedro-and-companion. Therefore counting only the men, the number of believers had now reached five thousand.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Teutila Cuicatec: “But many who listened to their preaching believed in our Lord Jesus, and they along with those who believed in our Lord since former days numbered about 5000 counting only the men.” (Source: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 3:11:
Uma: “People who were possessed by evil spirits came too. When they saw Yesus, immediately knelt down in front of him, and shouted, they said: ‘You are the Child of God!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “And whenever he was seen by people possessed by demons, they threw (themselves) down before him and shouted/screamed, they said, ‘You are the Son of God.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And as for the demons, when they saw Jesus they knelt down before him crying out saying, ‘You really are the Son of God!'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “The people also who were possessed by evil-spirits, when they were seeing Jesus, they were kneeling face-down before him while-simultaneously also the evil-spirits were making-them-scream, saying, ‘You (sing.) are the Child of God!'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “Each one who was possessed by an evil spirit who saw him, he went down prone in front of him. They were being caused by those evil spirits to cry out, saying, ‘You are the one who is the Son of God!'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Ocotlán Zapotec: “Those who had demons in their hearts knelt down before him and the demons cried out: ‘You are the only Son of God.'” (Source: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)
