Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Genesis 3:3)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 3:3:

  • Kankanaey: “except that which is in the middle of this land. He said that if we (excl.) eat that or we (excl.) only touch it, we (excl.) will die.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “But God said ‘Do not eat even a little of the fruit of the tree in the middle of the garden, do not even touch it, otherwise you will die.’ ‘” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “except the fruit of the tree that exists in the middle of this garden. For God said that we must/[intensifier] not eat the fruit of that tree or even just touch it. Because/For if we (excl.) eat it, we (excl.) will-die.'” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “The woman replied, ‘What God said was, ‘Do not eat the fruit from the tree that is in the middle of the park/garden or touch it. If you do that, you will die. But you can eat fruit from any of the other trees.”” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 4:11)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 4:11:

  • Kankanaey: “Therefore the soil just the same will be the source of your (sing.) punishment, because it soaked up the blood of your (sing.) younger-sibling.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Now you will have to bear a greater curse than the earth. For this earth has opened its mouth to receive your younger brother’s blood from your hand.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Because of what-you-have-done, I am cursing you. From now on you can no longer farm on the land that absorbed/[lit. sipped] the blood of your sibling/(brother) whom you killed.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “You have killed your younger brother, and the ground has soaked up his blood. So now I will expel you from this land and curse your efforts to produce crops.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 5:18)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 5:18:

  • Kankanaey: “When Jared then yeared 162, Enok was-born.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “When Jared was 162 years old his son called Enoch was born to him.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “When Jared was already 162 years of age, his male child Enoc was-born.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “When Jared was 162 years old, he became the father of Enoch.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 6:18)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 6:18:

  • Kankanaey: “But as for you (sing.), there-is what I will promise you (sing.). When that-aforementioned ark is finished, you (sing.) who are a married-couple (lit. spouse-unit) will enter including your children and their spouses.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “But I will bind my covenant with you. You go and stay in the ship, taking along your wife, sons and daughters.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “But I will-make an agreement with you. Now, you enter/go-inside the ship with your wife and your children including their wives.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “But I will make an agreement with you(sg): You and your wife, your sons and their wives will enter the boat.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 8:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 8:4:

  • Kankanaey: “until the ark came-to-rest on a mountain in the mountain-area of Ararat. That happened on date 17 of the seventh month.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “In this way the ship landed on Mount Ararat on the 17th day of the 7th month.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “And on the 17th day of the seventh month, the ship ran-aground on the mountains of Ararat.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “on the 17th day of the seventh month of that year/late in March, the boat came to rest on one of the mountains in the Ararat region.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 9:14)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 9:14:

  • Kankanaey: “That being so, provided there are clouds above that I cause-to-arrive and a rainbow can-be-seen there,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “When I cover the top of the earth with clouds, then the bow will appear in the heavens.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “If I will-cause-to-come-out the clouds and the rainbow appears,” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “When I cause rain to fall from the clouds, and a rainbow appears in the sky,” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 12:2)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 12:2:

  • Kankanaey: “I-will-cause-to-become-many in-the-future your (sing.) descendants so-that they will become an honored and strong nation. I will also bless you (sing.) with all benefits, and your (sing.) name will be reported/newsed on this earth so-that you (sing.) also will be the source of the blessing of others.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “From you I will make a great nation. I will give blessing to you. I will make you a famous man. And from you I will cause blessing to be given to others.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “I will-make your descendants a famous/prominent nation. I will-bless you and your name will-become famous/prominent. Through you, many will-be-able-to-receive a blessing.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “I will cause your descendants to become a large nation. I will bless you and cause you to become famous/highly esteemed. What I do for you will be a blessing to others.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Mark 16:14)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 16:14:

  • Uma: “From there, he again appeared to his eleven disciples while they were eating. He admonished/reprimanded them because they faith was lacking and their hearts hard. Even though there had been people who had seen him, they still hadn’t believed that he had indeed come back alive.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “After that, Isa appeared to his eleven disciples while they were eating. He scolded them because they did not believe and because they were stubborn (lit. had hard heads). He said, even though they had been told by those who had seen him that he was alive again from his death, they had not believed.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then Jesus also appeared to the eleven disciples while they were eating. He scolded them for the hardness of their thinking, for they wouldn’t believe the people who had reported that they had seen Jesus alive.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Jesus appeared to eleven of his disciples while they were eating and scolded them because of their absence of faith and hardness of their minds/thoughts, because they had not believed what those who had seen him upon his coming-to-life again had reported.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And then Jesus next went-to-see/meet his eleven disciples. He coincided it with their eating. He rebuked then because their believing was still lacking, and because of their stubbornness (lit. the hardness of their heads) that they didn’t believe those he had-gone-to-see/meet on his coming alive again.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)