complete verse (Romans 13:1)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 13:1:

  • Uma: “Every one of us must submit to government [lit., the governing-one(s)] that is over us. For the government doesn’t just happen to exist/be [lit., there is no government dry] if it doesn’t get its power from God. And the government that is, is determined [made-certain] by God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “All of us (incl.) human-beings, we (incl.) ought to/should obey the people who have authority to rule in our (incl.) land/place because no one is given authority if it is not from the will of God. And the ones who have authority to rule, God is the one who places them (lit. cause-to-sit).” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “It is necessary that any one of us (incl.) submit ourselves to the rule of the government. For no one rules over the town if he is not permitted by God, and there is no government that God has not set up.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “All people, they must submit to (lit. cause-themselves-to-be-ruled-by) those who have authority in the government, because no one has-authority to rule if God does not permit it, and all who rule, God is the one who set-them-up.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Every person must obey the authorities. Because concerning all the authorities, God determined that there be their positions. There is not that the authority determines on his own that he has his position.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Huehuetla Tepehua: “It is necessary that all men obey chiefs. God has placed all chiefs and God had chosen all chiefs.” b(Source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)
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