Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 1:23:
Uma: “At that time, there was a person who was possessed [lit., ridden] by an evil spirit, he also entered into that prayer house, and he shouted:” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “So-then a person/man entered the prayer-house who was demon possessed.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And while Jesus was still teaching, suddenly there came into the church a man afflicted by a demon.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “There was a man there whom an evil-spirit had possessed (lit. fastened/adhered-to, same in all references).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “Suddenly/unexpectedly there was a person who was possessed by an evil spirit who shouted out in that worship-place.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Shipibo-Conibo: “Just then too a certain man was in their small house to praise God in, a ruinous demon possessor. Thereupon he screamed. (Source: James Lauriault in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 32ff. )
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 2:10:
Uma: “I, the Child of Mankind, I do have authority in the world to forgive sins. But if I say to this lame person: ‘Your (sing.) sins are forgiven,’ you do not know whether they are really forgiven or not. But if I say: ‘Get up, roll up your (sing.) mat, and walk,’ you will see whether it happens or not. So I will show you that I have authority to forgive sin.’ From there, he turned to that lame person,” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “I heal this man in order that you will know that I, the Son of Mankind, have authority here in this world to forgive sins.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “By healing this man now, I will show you that I, the Older Sibling of Mankind, I have authority here on the earth to forgive sin.’ Then he said to the man who was paralyzed, he said,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “But if that is so, I will then say what is difficult in order to thereby confirm to you that I who am Child of a Person have authority on this earth (lit. surface of this earth) to forgive sins.’ Then he said to that cripple,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “Therefore I will heal this illness of his so that you will realize that as for me, who am the One From Heaven Born of Man/human, I do indeed have authority here under the heavens to forgive sins.’ And then he said to that person who was paralyzed,” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Kim text for oral translation: “It’s good, so that you know that the Son of Man has the power on the earth to forgive sins, I say to the paralysed person:” (Source: Bayamy Tchande Awakde in The Bible Translator 2025, p. 23ff.)
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “… But so that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins…’ — now he speaks to the paralytic –”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 1:34:
Uma: “There were many people whom he healed of their many kinds of sicknesses. Also many demons that were possessing people he expelled. But he did not permit the demons to speak, because they knew that he was the Child of God.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “Many people who had all kinds of sickness were healed by Isa and also many demons were cast-out (lit. caused-to-get-out) by him. He commanded the demons not to speak for they really knew as to who Isa was.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Jesus healed many who were sick with many kinds of diseases. There were also many demons he caused to go away from people. And those demons, Jesus would not allow them to speak, because they knew who Jesus really was.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “And he healed the many who were sick of many-kinds of sicknesses. He also caused-the many evil-spirits -to-leave while-simultaneously making-them-be-quiet, because they knew who he was.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “Many who were sick were healed by Jesus, no matter what kind of illness they were asking help for. Many also were the evil spirits he drove out. He did not allow the evil spirits to speak because they were well-aware of who he really was.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Shipibo-Conibo: “Then he arranged many sick ones, those with mixed sicknesses. Thereupon he expelled many demons. He did not permit the demons to speak, since they knew him.” (Source: James Lauriault in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 32ff. )
Balinese: “Many were healed by Him. who were ill by various sicknesses, moreover many demons were expelled. and they were not allowed to speak. because they knew Him already.” (Source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “So he healed the many townspeople who were sick –suffering from diseases of every description. He cast out many devils. He did not permit the devils to say anything, because they knew him.”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 2:21:
Uma: “After that Yesus said two more parables, he said: ‘There is no person who patches an old shirt with new cloth. Because the new cloth will shrink until it tears that old shirt, with the result that the tear will just get bigger.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “So-then Isa spoke-in-a-parable about the teaching of before and his teaching. He said, ‘No person patches new cloth/fabric which has not yet been washed, onto old clothes. For if he does like that/so, when the new cloth shrinks, the old clothes will tear again and the tear will be wider.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then Jesus taught in a parable how his new teaching and the old doctrine cannot be mixed. He said, ‘New cloth which has not been shrunk is no good to patch a shirt of cloth which is already rotten, because when it is washed the new cloth will shrink and the rotten cloth will tear and will have an even greater torn place.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “Jesus also said parabling, ‘No one uses-new cloth -to-patch an old garment. Because the patch will shrink and pull the stitching and what-it-was-patched-to will rip worse.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “And then he taught them that it isn’t possible/acceptable to just add to the customs of the Judio this teaching of his. He said, ‘There’s no person who sews a patch of new cloth which hasn’t yet been laundered on to old clothing. For when/if this new shrinks, isn’t it so that the old will stretch? Well what will happen is that the tear will get much bigger.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “‘No one sews a patch of unshrunk cloth on an old garment. If he does, the patch tears away from it, the new from the old, and a worse tear results.”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 1:11:
Uma: “God spoke from heaven saying to him: ‘You (sing.) are my Son whom I love. You (sing.) are the one who makes-happy my heart.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “And there was a voice from heaven saying, ‘You are my beloved Son. I am really pleased with you.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then God in heaven was heard saying, he said, ‘You are my dear Son. I am very much pleased with you.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “Then there was a voice from heaven that said, ‘You (sing.) are my much-loved child. You (sing.) are the one-with-whom-I-am-continually-satisfied.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “At the same time there was speech coming from heaven/sky which said, ‘You (sing.) really are my held-very-dear Son. I really am very pleased with you.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Balinese: “And then there was a voice from heavens. as follows: ‘You my child 1are Father’s Son who is loved by Father, only to you is the pleasing of Father’s heart.'” (Source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “And there was a voice from heaven: ‘You are my son, my beloved one. I delight in you.’”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 1:45:
Uma: “But in fact, when that person left, he continually talked everywhere about his having been healed by Yesus. The result was that Yesus was no longer able to enter into town because so many people crowded around him. He stayed outside town in empty place(s). But even so, there was still no end to the people coming from many towns wanting to meet him.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “But the man who had had leprosy went and he really told about his healing and he made this well-known. Therefore Isa could no longer go into the towns exposing (lit. come-out) (himself) to the people, but he was just there in the places not inhabited by people. But the people went there to him from all the places.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “However when that person left he told everybody what has happened to him. Because of this, Jesus could no longer go openly when he went to the villages because many people would gather together. Jesus just roamed around in the country and people came out to him from everywhere.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “But he did not obey but rather he went repeatedly-relating what was done to him. The result of it was that Jesus was not able-to-go to the towns lest people in large-groups go to meet him, but rather he stayed in isolated places that had no inhabitants. But even though that was so, the many-people went nevertheless to where he was from all places.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “But as that person went, he told everyone how that illness of his stopped. Therefore what happened was, Jesus could no longer go in the town openly because large numbers of people would come to him. He was now outside the town only, in the wilderness places. The people were going to him from every place.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Shipibo-Conibo: “But having gone, he began to speak much to them. He began to widen that word out. When he did thus, Jesus could not arrive visibly at any village. But he was where no house is. Then they came to him from every place.” (Source: James Lauriault in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 32ff. )
Balinese: “But when that man had gone away from there, he told these things hither and thither and made them known, so that Jesus could not enter the city publicly, but was staying outside the city, in desert places. There the people from here and there came to Him.” (Source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “But as soon as he left, he began to proclaim it loudly, spreading his story far and wide. Well, that is why it was no longer feasible for Jesus to enter villages openly. Instead, he stayed outside, in desolate places. And people everywhere came to him.”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 1:24:
Uma: “‘Ee Yesus, Nazaret person! What do you (sing.) want to do to us? Maybe you (sing.) want to destroy us? I know you (sing.), that you (sing.) are the holy Messenger from God.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “He shouted/screamed, he said, ‘Do not trouble us (excl.), Isa, man of Nasaret. You have nothing to do with us (excl.). Have you come here to destroy us (excl.)? I know as to who you are. You are the only-one who is holy who is sent from God.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when he saw Jesus, he shouted saying, ‘You, Jesus of Nazareth, what business do you have with us demons? Maybe the reason you came here is to destroy us. I know who you are. You are the Son of God!'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “He immediately-shouted saying, ‘Terrors! (expression used of things to be feared) Jesus from-Nazaret, why are you (sing.) disturbing us (excl.)? Have you (sing.) come do-you-suppose to punish us (excl.)? I know you (sing.) of-course. You (sing.) are the holy Child of God.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “He said, ‘What is your interfering with us (excl.), Jesus of Nazaret? What have you come here for? Will you now wipe us out? I really know who you are. You are the the far-from-ordinary one who was entrusted/sent by God!'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Shipibo-Conibo: “Ari! he screamed. What will you do to us, Nazareth Jesus? Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are. You are the spotless man, him of God.” (Source: James Lauriault in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 32ff. )
Balinese: “He cried as follows: ‘Ah, Jesus man of Nasaret, what are you going to do with all of us? Your coming is only to destroy us. We know who you really are. Yes, you are the Holy One whose origin is from God.'” (Source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “saying, ‘What business do you have with us, Jesus of Nazareth? Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are, the Holy One of God.'”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 2:11:
Uma: “he said to him: ‘Get up, roll up your (sing.) mat, and go home.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “So-then Isa said to the paralyzed man, ‘Get up, take your bed and go home.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “‘Friend, get up. Pick up your hammock and go home!'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “‘What I am commanding you (sing.) is, get-up, pick up that stretcher of yours (sing.) to go-home.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “‘Stand up now, carry what you are lying on and go home now.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Kim text for oral translation: “‘You, get up, take your bed, go your going home.'” (Source: Bayamy Tchande Awakde in The Bible Translator 2025, p. 23ff.)
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “‘I say to you, get up, take your pallet, and return home!'”
