Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 1:19:
Uma: “Yesus continued walking, [and] not-yet far from there he again saw two brothers: Yakobus and Yohanes, the children of Zebedeus. They were fixing there nets in the boat.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “So-then when he had walked some way/distance he saw two siblings, Yakub and Yahiya, the sons of Sebede. They were there in their boat (bangka’) getting nets ready.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Jesus continued walking along, and while he was walking Jesus saw James and the younger brother of James, John, who were the sons of Zebedee. They were repairing their nets in their boat.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “As they were walking further along the edge of the lake, Jesus saw another two siblings who were Santiago and Juan. They were riding in their boat preparing their nets.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “Jesus continued walking and just a bit further he came upon two more brothers who were Santiago and Juan. They were the sons of Zebedeo. They were fixing their trawl-net there in the boat.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Shipibo-Conibo: “Then going a little farther on, he saw Zebedee’s child James. He saw his brother John too. when they were mending cast-nets in the canoe.” (Source: James Lauriault in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 32ff. )
Balinese: “Going on but a bit further, then He saw Jakub with his brother, Jokanan, children to Zabdi, while they were in the boat mending their nets.” (Source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “So continuing on his way a little bit more, he saw James, the son of Zebedee, and John, his brother. They were mending their nets in a boat.”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 1:32:
Uma: “That late-afternoon , the sun was setting, many people came to Yesus bringing all who were sick or possessed by demons.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “When the sun had set, the people brought to Isa whoever was sick and those people (who were) demon possessed.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when the sun had gone down, all the sick and the afflicted with demons were brought by people to Jesus.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “As the sun was going-down, the inhabitants brought to Jesus all who were possessed by evil-spirits and the sick.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “When the sun set, all who were sick and were possessed by evil spirits were brought to Jesus.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Balinese: “When it was evening and the sun had set, all the sick people and those that were possessed by demons were brought before Jesus.” (Source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “In the evening, when the sun set, they brought to him everyone who had something wrong, and everyone afflicted by devils.”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 2:19:
Uma: “Yesus answered them with this parable [lit., example words], he said to them: ‘As for people at a wedding feast, do they fast while accompanying the bridegroom? Of course not. While the bridegroom is still with them they do not fast.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “Isa answered them in a parable. He compared his disciples to people at a wedding. He said, ‘Can the people at a wedding fast as long as the bridegroom is still there with them? No. As long as the bridegroom is still there with them they cannot fast.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “Jesus answered parabling, ‘If someone has-a-wedding-ceremony, do you think do-you-suppose (rhet. question) that the friends of the man-getting-married will not join-in-eating, whom he invited? They will certainly eat, because it is unseemly if they fast and the man-getting-married is still with them.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “Jesus replied, saying, ‘Can the people fast who have been invited to a marriage-feast as long as that man whose marriage is being celebrated is still with them? Of course not.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Ebira: “Jesus said to them: ‘Can the people (the relatives and friends of) a man, who is in the process of getting a wife, fast while the husband is with them? They cannot fast when the husband of the girl is with them.'” (Ebira does not have formal terms for “wedding,” “groom,” and “bride”) (Source: Hans-Jürgen Scholz in Holzhausen 1991, p. 34)
Peñoles Mixtec: “Is it fitting that people who are at a wedding feast, that they won’t eat anything? No! They will eat a lot, because they are rejoicing with their friend who is going to marry his wife.” (Source: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “Jesus said to them, ‘Can the friends of the bridegroom fast, when the bridegroom is with them? No. So long as the bridegroom is with them, they cannot fast.”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 1:9:
Uma: “One day, Yesus left Nazaret-town in Galilea-land, he came and requested-to-be-baptized by Yohanes. Yohanes baptized him in the Yordan river.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “So-then, at that time Isa arrived from Nasaret, a certain town there in the place/land Jalil. And he was bathed by Yahiya there in the river/water Jordan.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Now at that time when John was baptizing, Jesus came to John from the village of Nazareth in the province of Galilee, and John baptized him in the river Jordan.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “During that time when Juan was baptizing, Jesus arrived from Nazaret, a town in the province Galilea, and Juan baptized him in the river Jordan.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “At that time Jesus arrived coming from Nazaret in the district of Galilea. When he arrived there, he was baptized by Juan there in the river Jordan.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Shipibo-Conibo: “Then during those days Jesus came from Nazareth which is in Galilee. When he came from there, John washed him, at the Jordan.” (Source: James Lauriault in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 32ff. )
Balinese: “At that time. Ida [Ida is a personal article referring to the highest caste] Jesus came from the village Nasaret in the territory of Galilea, and then was baptized by Jokanan in the river Jarden.” (Source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “So it was in this setting that Jesus came from Nazareth in Galilee and was baptized in the Jordan by John.”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 1:21:
Uma: “From there, Yesus with his followers went to Kapernaum-town. On the Yahudi worship day, he entered into the worship house and began to teach.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “Isa and company went to the town Kapernaum. When Saturday came, the day of-no-work of the Yahudi, Isa went to the prayer-house to preach/teach to the people.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They went to the town Capernaum, and when it was Saturday which is the Day of Rest, Jesus went into the Church of the Jews and there Jesus taught the people.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “Plural Jesus went to Capernaum. On the day for-resting, they entered the sinagoga (synagogue), and Jesus began to teach.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “They went to Capernaum. When it was the Day of Rest, they entered the worship-place and then Jesus taught there.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Shipibo-Conibo: “Then they arrived at Capernaum. Then on the very day to rest, having entered into the small house to praise God in. he taught them.” (Source: James Lauriault in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 32ff. )
Balinese: “Then He together with those followers went to the city Kapernaum. There, when it was Sabat, He entered the place of worship and gave teaching.” (Source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “So they make their way into Capernaum. And right away he began teaching in the synagogue there, on the Sabbath.”
Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 2:9:
Uma: “I, the Child of Mankind, I do have authority in the world to forgive sins. But if I say to this lame person: ‘Your (sing.) sins are forgiven,’ you do not know whether they are really forgiven or not. But if I say: ‘Get up, roll up your (sing.) mat, and walk,’ you will see whether it happens or not. So I will show you that I have authority to forgive sin.’ From there, he turned to that lame person,” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
Yakan: “Which is the easier, to say to this paralyzed person, ‘Your sins are forgiven,’ or ‘Get up, take your bed (lit. for-lying-on) and walk.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For which is easier to a mere person? Is it to forgive the sins of this paralyzed man or is it to heal him so that he can rise and pick up his hammock and walk?” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
Kankanaey: “It is admittedly easier to say, ‘Your (sing.) sins will-be forgiven’ than ‘Get-up, pick-up that stretcher of yours (sing.) to walk.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
Tagbanwa: “Which is easier to say to this person who is paralyzed? Is it, ‘Your sins have now been forgiven,’ or to say, ‘Stand, carry what you are lying on and go now’? Isn’t it so that they are the same in that only the supernatural-power of God can do it?” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
Michoacán Nahuatl: “Which is harder for me to do in order to show you that I can forgive sins? Is it harder for me to tell this man, I forgive your sins? Is it harder to tell this man, Get up . . .”
Ojitlán Chinantec: “Surely if I can make him get up, pick up his bed, and walk away with it, I can also forgive his sins.
Western Highland Chatino: “Who can know if I can truly forgive sins if I say to the sick man that I forgive his sins? But if I tell the sick man to get up, pick up his bed,and walk, immediately you know whether I have authority or not.” (Source for this and two above: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)
Kim text for oral translation: “What is the easiest thing; it is that of saying to the paralysed: ‘Your sins have been forgiven’ or of saying ‘Get up, take your bed, go your going (go away)’?” (Source: Bayamy Tchande Awakde in The Bible Translator 2025, p. 23ff.)
English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “Which is easier, to say to the paralyzed man, ‘Your sins are forgiven,’ or to say, ‘Get up, take your pallet, and walk’?”
