Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Luke 1:44)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 1:44:

  • Noongar: “Because when you greeted me, I heard you, and my child inside me jumped happily.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “As soon as I heard your (sing.) greeting, the child inside me immediately moved, carried by his joy.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For when I heard your voice, immediately the child in my belly moved a lot because of his joy.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The reason I know this is because at the time when I just heard you, this child in my womb moved to-show-his-welcome.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because exactly when I heard your (sing.) voice, my fetus moved with his happiness.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because when I heard your greeting, the child here in my womb moved like he was happy.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (1 Peter 2:18)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Peter 2:18:

  • Uma: “Slaves, submit to and honor your nobles, not just your nobles that are good and who have gentle character. Even your nobles that are harsh, you must submit to them.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “You also, servants, respect really your masters and follow/obey what they command/tell you. Don’t just respect those masters who have good customs but respect even those who don’t have good customs and those who get easily angry.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “As for us (incl.) servants, let us submit ourselves to our master and may our respect for him be right. We must not only show respect to a master who is generous and good. Rather, we must also obey him who easily gets angry.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “As for you who are being-sent-on-errands, submit-yourselves to your masters and thoroughly respect them. You should do this to your good and patient/gentle masters and even also to the masters who are cruel (doesn’t imply that a slave has more than one master).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well as for you slaves, you must truly submit with true respect to your masters. Whatever their nature/ways, a good/kind one giving good management, or strict, obey well anyway.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Listen, you workmen. Obey your bosses and respect them. Not only the good people who speak softly should you obey, but also those who speak harshly you should obey.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 21:31)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 21:31:

  • Uma: “While they were all set to kill Paulus, there were also people who went to announce to the head of the Roman soldiers, saying that there was a big noisiness in the city.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “While they were about to kill Paul, the news reached/arrived to the colonel (kelnel) of the Roman soldiers that the whole Awrusalam was in an uproar.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They wanted to kill him, however someone told the captain of the Roman soldiers that all the people in Jerusalem were rioting.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “While they were trying to kill him, someone reported-it to the commander of the soldiers who were Romano that all the inhabitants were rioting.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “They really wanted to kill Pablo. But when the highest-ranking-officer of the Romano soldiers there in Jerusalem knew that the whole city was troubled,” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 1:76)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 1:76:

  • Noongar: “My child, they will call you the ‘Prophet of the Most High’. You will go in front of the Lord and prepare his road,” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “But as for you (sing.), my child, you (sing.) will be called a prophet of the Lord God that is inheaven. Because you (sing.) are the one who walks before the Lord, to prepare his way/path.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then Jakariya spoke to his child, he said, ‘You, Son, (Toto’) you are called a prophet of God the Most High. For you are going ahead of the Lord preparing the way where he will pass.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then Zechariah spoke to his child, he said, ‘Now as for you my child, in the future you will be given the title of the prophet of the Very High God. He will send you to go ahead of our Lord so that you might tell the people that they should prepare for his arrival.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Now you (sing.) also my son, you (sing.) are the one who will be called a prophet of the Highest God, because you (sing.) will go-ahead of our Lord to prepare the path-he-will-walk.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, as for you, my son, you will be called prophet of God who is Exceedingly the Greatest/Most-important. Because you have been caused to go ahead of the Lord so that you will prepare where he will go.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (1 Peter 4:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Peter 4:3:

  • Uma: “For you spent a long enough time doing like what is done by people who do not know the Lord. At that time, your lives were unseemly, you followed your evil desires/wants, you kept getting drunk, continually partying, continually being unruly, and you worshipped lords that are not fit to be worshipped.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “You have done enough of those deeds that give pleasure to those who don’t follow/obey God. Formerly you committed fornication-adultery and did (things) men and women/did immoral things, you always got drunk and when you gathered together to have fun you always drank. And you worshiped idols and that is really hated by God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For it is necessary that you no longer do the evil things that people who do not believe in God want to do. For long ago your behaviour was filthy; what your body desired was evil; you were drunkards, and the pleasures which you displayed at gatherings where you drank were evil. God was very disgusted with you for you worshipped false gods.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because already too-much is the time you wasted previously in doing what those who have no God like to do. Because previously, you were doing the whatever filthy and shameful-things that your bodies desired. You were-getting-drunk, you were joining in wild parties (lit. excessive happinesses), and you had no shame in your worshipping idols (lit. imitation gods).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Enough now! It really is not possible/acceptable for you to still continue the evil which you kept doing in the past when you had no knowledge of God. For in the past your nature/ways were like this, indulging in disgusting desires with no self control at all, the habit of lustful stares, getting drunk, and disgusting doings which are done during your worshipping of pretend gods.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Let be finished the evil you did in past days when you lived like the people who do not believe in God live. They do not want to be restricted, they do their own pleasure, they are drunk, they are boisterous at their fiestas, they drink intoxicants without stopping, and do evil when they worship handmade idols.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 22:23)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 22:23:

  • Uma: “As they shouted like that, they tossed their shirts and scattered dust in the air, because they were carried away by the irritation of their anger.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They kept shouting and they were waving their clothes and they threw dust upward because of their anger.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They were shouting and waving their shirts and throwing dirt overhead.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They continued shouting while-simultaneously they were-waving their clothes, and they were-tossing dust up-in-the-air to show their anger.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “They kept on calling out like that. What they did too was, they took off a layer of their clothes and threw them up in the air, and kept on picking up handfuls of dust and throwing it in the air, due to the big-size of their anger.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 2:28)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 2:28:

  • Noongar: “Simeon took the baby in his arms and thanked God.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “He took that baby, he held-him-in-his-arms and he praised God, he said:” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When Simiyun saw the child, he took him and held him in his arms and gave thanks to God saying,” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when Simeon saw that child, he took him in his arms and thanked God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “He took-the baby -in-his-arms and praised God saying,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Simeon took the child in his arms and praised God, saying,” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (2 Peter 1:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Peter 1:2:

  • Uma: “Much greetings: I call out to God [and ask] that he give you more-and-more of his blessing and peace [lit., goodness of life], for you [already] know God and Yesus our Lord.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “May his help to you increase and the peace in your livers increase when your knowing God and Isa Almasi our (incl.) Lord also increases.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “May God show kindness to you, and may your breaths become peaceful by means of your coming to understand about God and about our Lord Jesus Christ.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “May you increasingly experience grace/mercy and peace due to your knowing God and Jesus our Lord.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “I pray that hopefully, through the strength of your true acknowledging of God and our Lord Jesus, always plentiful with you is the grace/mercy and peace/protection of mind/inner-being which they give.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “I want that you know God better and also our Lord Jesus Christ in order that he will bless you more and give your more peace of heart.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)