Language-specific Insights

complete verse (1 Timothy 2:14)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Timothy 2:14:

  • Uma: “And it wasn’t Adam who was deceived by the King of Evil-ones. It was Hawa [emphatic] who was deceived, with the result that she transgressed God’s command.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “And it was not Apu’ Adam (whom) the leader of demons deceived. But it was the woman who was deceived and she was the one who broke the law of God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Adam was not the one Satan was able to deceive, rather it was Eve who was deceived, and because of that she disobeyed what was commanded them.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “And it was not Adan who was deceived but rather the woman, so she was the first (lit. went-ahead) to sin against God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And it wasn’t Adan who was deceived by Satanas, but rather it was Eva. She’s the first one who sinned for she overstepped/went-beyond what was said by God.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Adam was not the one deceived by the devil, rather the woman was deceived by the devil. Having been deceived, the woman committed sin.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 3:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 3:9:

  • Uma: “Many people saw him walking and praising God,” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “All the people in the prayer-house/temple saw him walking and praising God continuously.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And all the people there, they saw him walking around praising God,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “All who were there, when they saw that he was-walking and praising God,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “All the people there saw that he could now walk and was praising God.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 2:20)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 2:20:

  • Uma: “But the time will come, when the bridegroom will be taken from their midst. At that time they will fast.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But in the future, when the bridegroom has been caused-to-leave/been driven-away, then they will fast.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus said to them, ‘For example,’ he said, ‘if there is a wedding, the companions of the bridegroom, they wouldn’t think about fasting while the bridegroom is still with them. But later, when the bridegroom is taken away from them, then they will fast. It is just the same way with my disciples, for if I am still with them, they will not fast.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But a time will come when the man-getting-married is taken away from them, and that is when they will fast.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, that’s how it is with these disciples of mine. But the day will come when I will be separated from them. And then is when they will fast.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “Yet the days will come when the bridegroom is snatched away from them. Then they will fast—on that day.'”

complete verse (1 Timothy 4:15)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Timothy 4:15:

  • Uma: “Don’t you stop doing all this work, make it the most important, so that your diligence doing the Lord’s work will be clear to all people.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Really do wholeheartedly all I caused you to do in this letter so that all people see that your deeds increasingly become better.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Hold fast to and see carefully to your fulfilling all of this so that all might know that you are always increasing in your fulfilling the desire of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Concentrate your (sing.) thoughts on your (sing.) following these-things that I have instructed so that all people will see that your manner-of-doing is becoming-more-and-more-correct.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “I hope these tasks are what you are always persevering in, they being what is always dominant in your mind/inner-being. Well if it’s like that, it will be clear to all that your ability is increasing-and-increasing in this responsibility/job of yours.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “These words which I tell you, earnestly endeavor to do them. I want that people will see that more and more you know how to apply the word as you do God’s work.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 4:15)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 4:15:

  • Uma: “That is why they put those apostles of the Lord Yesus out of their meeting, and they made-plans,” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Therefore they sent them out of the judgment room and the councilors conferred among themselves.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Therefore there in the room in which they were gathered, they told Peter and company that they should go outside for a while. And then they discussed it saying,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “That being so, they had-plural Pedro -go-out so they the leaders would-be-alone to converse.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore they caused Pedro-and-companion to go out of their gathering-place, so that they could discuss what would be good to do.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “They sent the disciples outside because they wanted to talk among themselves about them.”
  • Lalana Chinantec: “They told Peter and John to go outside for a while. When Peter and John had gone outside they discussed by themselves, just the people who judged.”
  • Chuj: “But those rulers said that Peter and John must go out from their faces (presence). After they were taken out, those rulers talked together alone.”
  • Chichimeca-Jonaz: “Then they commanded them to go outside from where the elders were assembled, and they alone went to talking together.” (Source for this and three above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Mark 3:24)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 3:24:

  • Uma: “If for example there is a king and the people in his kingdom are constantly at odds, his kingdom won’t last long.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “If there is for example a kingdom and it’s people are fighting, that kingdom will not last long.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For example, if there is a king and his followers fight each other, his power to rule will soon be taken away.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “If the many-people of one town/country war-against-each-other, that country/town will be destroyed.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For if the subjects of a kingdom are having-conflicts-among-themselves, it’s certain that that kingdom won’t last.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (1 Timothy 6:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Timothy 6:6:

  • Uma: “Actually it’s true, our being-religious does bring big benefit/profit, as long as our hearts are content with what we have.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “It is also true that if a person follows/obeys the will of God he is really as-if rich if he gives-thanks/is-content with whatever God gives him.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “It’s really true that submitting oneself to God is of great value, but only to that person who is satisfied with just a little wealth.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Many/Much granted are what will be gained by the person who believes in God provided he is content with what he has, but it is not possessions/wealth.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But this is wealth which is far-from-ordinary, when we obey well the will of God and we are able to be happy with our circumstances.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Truly our faith is worth very much, because much good accompanies it. But the person must be happy no matter how little he has.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 5:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 5:10:

  • Uma: “Upon hearing those words of Petrus, she also fell down immediately died. When the people returned from burying Ananias, what should they see but that there also was his wife dead. So they picked her up also and went and buried her next to her husband’s grave.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Immediately the woman fell down at the feet of Petros and died. When the young men entered, they found the woman already dead. So they carried her out and buried her beside her husband.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And immediately Sapphira fell down and died. And when the men came in, they saw her that she was dead, and they carried her out and buried her next to the grave of her husband.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “And she fell-down dead. Those young-men entered, and when they saw that she had died, then they took her out to go put-her-next-to where-her husband -was-buried.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, what else but when that woman heard, she fell down at once because she also died, just like her husband. Without anything further, when those who had gone burying had entered, what met their eyes was that one who had died next. Therefore they buried that one too. Where they buried her was right beside her husband.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)