Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Acts 7:17)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 7:17:

  • Uma: “‘A long time after that, the time had almost come for God to make-come-true his promise to Abraham. Our ancestors proliferated in the land of Mesir until there became very many of them.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘When the time was approaching when they would be caused-to-go-out from Misil as God had promised Ibrahim, there were already very many of our (incl.) nation/tribe in Misil.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when God was about to carry out his promise to Abraham that he would free his descendants there, very many there in Egypt were the descendants of our ancestors.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘When it was almost the time-that God -would-fulfill what he had previously promised to Abraham, our ancestors increased-in-number even-more in Egipto.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Esteban further said, ‘Well, when our fore-fathers were there now in Egipto, they continued to increase in number. When it had been a long time already, being now near the time when what God had promised to Abraham would be fulfilled, they were really numerous then.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 6:1)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 6:1:

  • Uma: “After that, Yesus left that village and went to his own village with his disciples.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa left and went to his place to Nasaret. His disciples went with him.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Jesus left that town and went to his own town Nazareth. His disciples went along with him.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then plural Jesus and his disciples went-away from there and they went to the town where he grew-up.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus left there again. He went home again to where he had grown up which was the town of Nazaret. His disiciples went with him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (2 Timothy 4:20)

Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Timothy 4:20:

  • Uma: “Erastus, he is still in the village of Korintus. Trofimus I left in Miletus because he was sick.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Erastus stayed there in Korinto. Toropimus was left by me there in Miletus because he was sick.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Erastus stayed behind in Corinth, and I left Trophimus in Malta for he was sick.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Erastus was left-behind in Corinto, and as for Trofimus, I left him in Miletus because he was sick.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Oh yes, as for Erasto, he stayed behind at Corinto. As for Trofimo, I left him at Melito because he was ill.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Concerning Erastus, he stayed in Corinth. And Trophimus I left in the city of Miletus because he was sick.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 7:49)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 7:49:

  • Uma: “The Lord God says: ‘The sky is my seat, and the earth is my stepping-on-place. What kind of house do you want to build for me? Where would be fitting to become my staying house?” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘Heaven is the-chair/where-I-sit to rule. And the earth is the-resting-place for my feet. You cannot make a house where I live, and you also cannot make a stopping/resting place for me,’ God said.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “‘God says, ‘Heaven is where I sit, and earth is where I place my feet. There is no house that you can build that would hold me. You also cannot build a proper place for me to rest” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘In heaven is where I sit to rule, and the world, that’s where-I-stretch-out-my-legs. Therefore whatever house you build, it will not suffice as a place-for-me-to-stay.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “”The heavens really are my seat in kingship. The world is just the stepping-stool of my feet,’ says God. ‘What kind of house could you make to house me? Or what place is fitting for me as my resting place,” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 6:33)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 6:33:

  • Uma: “But the people saw their departure and they knew where they were headed. So many people from all the nearby villages, off they ran on the lake shore, they arrived ahead of Yesus and his disciples.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But many people saw them when they left and recognized them. So-then the people ran from the villages there and they managed to arrive ahead yet of Isa and company on the other side of the lake.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when they left, many people saw them, and the people knew that that was Jesus and company. And then these people ran along on the shore and got there first to the place where the boat was headed that Jesus and company were riding on.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But many recognized them when they set-out. They ran coming-from all-the-towns and they were went-ahead to where plural Jesus were going.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But many indeed saw them leave and also recognized (them). Well what they did was they ran from where each lived, going to where Jesus and company would come ashore.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Titus 2:14)

Following are a number of back-translations of Titus 2:14:

  • Uma: “He gave himself / his body to be killed to redeem/take-the-place-for our sins, he freed us from all our evil character, he made us holy and made us his people and his portion, who are eager to do good character/actions.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa Almasi submitted to dying in order to redeem us (incl.) and to set us (incl.) free from all badness/evil. His wish is that our (incl.) livers are clean/holy and that we (incl.) become people that belong to him and that our (incl.) only wish is to do good.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “He allowed himself to be killed as our (incl.) substitute so that He might set us (incl.) free from our having to do evil, and so that He also might make us (incl.) people who belong to Him who are cleansed and who greatly desire to do good.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “He is the one who gave himself (lit. his body) to die for us in order that we would be set-free from all the power of sin and in order that he would cause-us -to-become his holy people who are eager to do good.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “He took our place, so that he might save/free us from the control of evil, and so that he might make us clean in that our sin has been removed. He did this so that he could now make us really his people, who would be wanting very much to do good works.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “He gave his own life for us. He died in order to save us from evil. And he fixed up our hearts. He wanted that we be in his hand. And he wanted that we be eager to do what is good.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 8:21)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 8:21:

  • Uma: “You (sing.) have no right [lit., seat] to work with us (sing.), because your (sing.) heart is not upright in God’s sight.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “You have no share nor involvement in this our (excl.) work,’ Petros said, ‘because your liver is not straight/right in the sight of God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “You have nothing to do or any right here to what we’ve been caused to do because God knows that what you are thinking is not righteous.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “You (sing.) will not be included/counted in our (excl.) work, because your (sing.) mind/thoughts are not right in God’s estimation.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “You really have no share in this which we (excl.) are being caused to do and you won’t be able to be included in it, because in the sight of God, what is in your mind/inner-being really isn’t straight/righteous.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 7:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 7:9:

  • Uma: “From there, Yesus said further to them: ‘You, you are so clever at circumventing God’s command in order to follow your own customs.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “You are really experts,’ said Isa. ‘You turn your back on/reject the commands of God in order that you can follow the teachings of your forefathers.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus said again, ‘You really know how to abandon the things commanded by God so that you may thoroughly carry out the laws made by men.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Jesus continued, saying, ‘You are admittedly of-course clever in treating-as-nothing the law of God in order to follow your customs.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus further said, ‘How good your decisions are as to how you can remove the strength of the law of God just so that you can follow/obey your handed down teachings.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Western Highland Chatino: “You think you do well when you obey your grandfathers of long ago even though when you obey them you disobey God.” (Source: B. Moore / G. Turner in Notes on Translation 1967, p. 1ff.)