Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Titus 3:1)

Following are a number of back-translations of Titus 3:1:

  • Uma: “Remind the Kristen people there to submit to the government and the elders of the town. They must follow the commands of the government and be ready to work all good work.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Remind the people trusting in Isa Almasi there that they ought to submit to those who rule and to others who have authority and they should follow/obey their commands. And they should help in whatever good the government is doing.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Tell the believers there that they must submit themselves to the Law of the government and to the officials there. They must obey the commands of them, and they must help when there is something good which the government is doing.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Remind (lit. cause-to-think) the believers there that they must submit-themselves-to (lit. cause-themselves-to-be-ruled-by) the officials and others who have authority over them in order to obey them. They should also be prepared to help if there is something good to-be-done.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Remind those you are overseeing that it’s necessary that they subject themselves to those who have authority over them like officials and whoever has an important/high responsibility/job there. It’s necessary that they obey these ones and are ready for whatever deeds which are good.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Remind the people that they must respect the high authority and all the others who have authority. They are to obey them in what they order. With enthusiasm they are to do the good work they are told to do.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 8:23)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 8:23:

  • Uma: “Because I know that you (sing.) are very jealous, and you (sing.) are enslaved by sin.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For I understand,’ Petros said, ‘that you are really very jealous and you are like a slave of your sin.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “because you are enslaved by jealousy, and you are not able to avoid your evil behaviour.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because I-can-see that your (sing.) jealousy is extreme, and your (sing.) sins still have-you-tied-up.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For I observe that apparently what is in your mind is extremely evil, and you really are still a slave to this evil.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Lalana Chinantec: “‘I am aware of what you are like. As a round thing that is bitter which people do not like are you. God does not like what you do. Sin is mistreating you. It is as though you were tied up.’ That’s what Peter said to Simon.” (Source: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Mark 7:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 7:11:

  • Uma: “Yet you [emphatic] teach like this: we no longer have to honor our mother and father, as long as we say to them like this; ‘What is appropriate I give you, parents, I have already made an offering to God.’ A person who says like that, you release him from the obligation [lit., burden-on-the-back] to help his mother and father.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But you,’ said Isa, ‘in the law that you have simply made-up, you say that if there is a person who says to his mother-father, ‘I don’t have anything anymore to help you with, Father or Mother, it is kulban already, that means I have given my property/wealth to God,'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “But you teach that if there is a man who has something to help his mother and father, you permit him to say to them, ‘Corban’, which is to say, ‘This that I would like to help you with, I cannot give it, because it now belongs to God.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But what you are teaching, it is different. Because you say that if a person has something with-which-he should -help his father or mother, it is OK if (lit. even if) he does not give it. He can-just make-excuses to them saying, ‘What I should help-you -with is korban, meaning to say, I already promised it to be offered to God.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But you teach that if a person has said to his father or mother, ‘Well there’s no longer anything I can give to be used in looking after you, for it’s now Corban,’ which means, my gift to God,” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Philemon 1:18)

Following are a number of back-translations of Philemon 1:18:

  • Uma: “If he perhaps has wronged you, or has a debt to you, I will bear it for him.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “If he has any sin/fault towards you or if he has a debt to you charge (lit. list) it to my name.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “If he has a sin against you, or if he owes you anything, think of it as mine.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “If he has a sin/crime or debt to you (sing.), let me be the one from-whom-you-(sing.)-collect.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “If there is a wrong that he has committed against you or if he has a debt to you, I will just take-care-of-it for him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “If he did something wrong to you or if he owes money to you, then charge me.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 9:15)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 9:15:

  • Uma: “The Lord said to Ananias: ‘Go anyway! Because that Saulus there [out of sight], I have deliberately chosen him to become my worker. He will announce my name to the Yahudi people and to people who are not Yahudi and even to kings also.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But Isa, the Lord/Leader, said to Ananiyas, ‘Go, because I have already chosen Saul to work for me. He will be the one to tell about me to the tribes/nations that are not Yahudi and to their kings, and to the Yahudi tribe also.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And the Lord said to Ananias, ‘You go to him because I have chosen him so that he might spread my name there to the people who are not Jews, and even there to kings, and there also to your companions, the descendants of Israel.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then the Lord Jesus said, ‘You (sing.) just go anyway, because he is the one I have chosen to go tell concerning me to them who are Gentiles and to their kings and to you also who are descendants of Israel.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But the Lord said next to Ananias, ‘Go to him now, for I have indeed chosen this person to serve me. He will now go-telling concerning me. And it isn’t just the Jews he will tell to, but on the contrary the nations also which are not Jews, including their kings.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 8:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 8:6:

  • Uma: “From there, he ordered the many people to sit on the ground. He took the bread and he said thank you to God. After that he chunked it and gave it to his disciples to distribute to the many people.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then he told the crowds to sit down on the ground. He took the seven breads and he gave-thanks to God. And then he divided the bread and gave it to his disciples telling them to give it to the people.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Jesus told the people to sit down on the ground,. And he got those seven pieces of bread, and he thanked God for them, and then he broke it up. And in spite of that, that which he was breaking off from was not consumed. And he gave this to the disciples so that they might give it to the people.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “That being so, Jesus had the many-people sit down. Then he took the seven breads and thanked God. After that he repeatedly-broke-them-into-pieces and gave (them) to his disciples for them to distribute to the many-people.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus caused the people to sit down. He asked for those seven units of bread and then gave thanks to God. After he’d finished, he broke them up and them gave them to his disciples to hand out to the people. Well, it was then handed out by those disciples.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Hebrews 2:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of Hebrews 2:11:

  • Uma: “Yesus makes us holy/clean from our sins. He who makes holy and we whom he makes holy, we all have one Father. That is why he is not ashamed to say that we are his relatives.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa cleansed mankind from their sins. He and the people he cleansed have all just one father. Therefore Isa is not ashamed to call them his siblings/brothers.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “As for Jesus, He has already removed our (incl.) sins. And today, as for us who have had our sins removed, and as for Him who removed our sins, we only have one father, which is God. And because of this, Jesus is not ashamed of us but rather He names us His younger siblings.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus who is making-us -into the holy people of God and we whom he is making holy, there is one Father of us all, so Jesus is not ashamed to say that we are his siblings/cousins (henceforth brothers).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because the Father of this Jesus who cleanses people from their sin, (he is) also the Father of these people that he is cleansing. Therefore Jesus is not ashamed to call them his siblings.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “And now Jesus has cleared our sins. His Father now is the one who is our Father. Therefore Jesus is not ashamed to say that we are his siblings.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 10:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 10:4:

  • Uma: “Kornelius was afraid staring at that angel. He answered: ‘What is it, Lord?’ The angel said: ‘God is happy hearing your (sing.) prayers and he knows your (sing.) generosity helping the poor.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Because of Korneliyus’ fear, he stared at the angel. Then he said, ‘Why Sir?’ The angel said, ‘God has heard your praying to him and he has seen your helping the poor and he thinks of you.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Cornelius, he stared at the angel, and he was very afraid. And he said, ‘What?’ And the angel said, ‘God has heard your prayers, and he has seen your generosity, and he has not forgotten you.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “He gazed-intently in his fear and said, ‘What will you (sing.) say, Lord?’ Then the angel said, ‘God keeps-thinking-about you (sing.), because he has been hearing your (sing.) prayers and he knows the way you are helping the collective-poor.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Cornelio just stared and was terribly frightened. All he could say was, ‘What is it, Master?’ The angel next said, ‘God hears your prayers and he is pleased with your help to the poor. He really doesn’t forget it.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)