Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Acts 24:27)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 24:27:

  • Uma: “Feliks wanted to please [lit., take the hearts of] the Yahudi people, that is why he left Paulus jailed for two years. After those two years, Feliks was replaced, and Perkius Festus became/was the new governor.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “After two years, Porkiyus Pestus took the place of Pilik as governor. Pilik wanted to please the Yahudi, that’s why he detained Paul yet in prison.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And after two years had passed, Porcius Festus replaced Felix as governor. And as for Felix, since it was his desire that the Jews would have no breath towards him, he did not free Paul.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When two years were then finished, Porcius Festus replaced Felix to-be-governor. But upon Felix’s leaving, he left Pablo in prison in order that the Jews would like him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When two years had now passed, he was replaced. Porcio Festo replaced him as governor. And well, since Felix wanted to do something to please the Jews, he just left Pablo still imprisoned.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 4:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 4:9:

  • Noongar: “Then the Devil took Jesus to Jerusalem and stood Jesus up, very high on the Temple, and said to him, ‘If you are the Son of God, then jump down,” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “After that, the King of Evil-ones led him going to Yerusalem, he stood him on the apex of the roof of the House of God, and he said to him: ‘If you (sing.) are really the Child of God, throw- yourself(s)-down from here.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “After that he was taken by the leader of demons to Awrusalam and he was caused to stand on the roof-top of the temple and he said to him, ‘If it is really true that you are God’s Son, jump down from here,” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then Satan took Jesus to the town of Jerusalem; he took him to the very high peak of the house called the house of God. And he said to Jesus, ‘If you are the Son of God jump off.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “After-that the Diablo led him to Jerusalem and had-him -stand on the highest part of the Temple. Then he said, ‘If it’s true that you (sing.) are the Child of God, please jump-down,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Another thing Satanas did to Jesus was, he took him to the city of Jerusalem. He caused him to stand at the highest part of the Templo, and then said to him, ‘If it is really true that you are the Son of God, dive off.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “It came about that he took him so that they went to Ierusalem, and then he caused him to stand high up on the top of God’s big house and he said to him, ‘If you are God’s Son, then jump and go down.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “Then, the Enemy took Jesus to Jerusalem and made him stand on the corner of the wall of the Home of God. Then he said to Jesus, ‘If you are really the Son of God, then jump from here down because” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “Then also The malevolent spirit took Yesus [and] went to Yerusalem, then set Him on the point of the roof of Great Above One’s House, then said to Him: “If You are definitely Great Above One’s Child then jump down from here going down over there onto the ground!” (Source Enggavoter 2004)

complete verse (1 John 2:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 2:3:

  • Uma: “If we follow God’s commands, this is a sign so that we know that we really know him.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “We (incl.) are sure that we (dual) know God if we (incl.) follow/obey his commandments.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “We (incl.) know that God is our friend if we obey His commands to us.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “If we are obeying the commands of God, that’s how we definitely know that we know him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “We are sure that we now know God, as long as we are obeying well what he has commanded.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “If we do what God commands, then we can know for sure that we know God.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “But if we do what he commands, we know that we now know him.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “If we really do his Word, we take for true that we know God.”
  • Tzotzil: “If we obey the commands of God, thus we know that we are his children.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)
  • Candoshi-Shapra: “If we keep His orders, by that it is possible to know ourselves that we have learned (come to know) Jesus.”
  • Yanesha’: “If we reserve (keep in remembrance) his word, now of a truth we know of a truth thus how Christ is.”
  • Aguaruna: “He who obeys God’s word knows ‘God is surely like that.’ saying,” (Source for this and two above: Mildred Larson in Notes on Translation, July 1965, p. 1-15)

complete verse (Acts 26:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 26:5:

  • Uma: “They have long known my actions/behavior. If they wanted, they themselves could recount the main-points of my life from the beginning, that I followed the teachings of the Parisi, who are very strict in their following of all the customs of the Yahudi religion.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For a long time they have known my behavior, and if they really want to, they can testify/witness that since the beginning my behavior has been the behavior of a Pariseo. No one can equal the Pariseo in their obeying/following the Yahudi religious law.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They know and they can testify to this if their breath accepts it that from the time that I was a young man I have been a Pharisee. And as for the Pharisees, very tight is their obeying the doctrines of us Jews.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Therefore they have known for a long-time that from the first I have-belonged to the party/group of Pharisees which is the strictest/stubbornest of our religion, and I have been-thorough in following all their beliefs. They can confirm that these-things are true if they want-to.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “From back then in the past, they have observed all my life. Therefore if only they wanted to, they could testify that I was one of the strictest in following/obeying the religion of us Jews for I am a Pariseo.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 4:41)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 4:41:

  • Noongar: “Evil spirits also left many people, shouting, ‘You are the Son of God!’ Jesus spoke sternly to the evil spirits, telling them not to speak because the evil spirits knew Jesus was the Messiah.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “And he caused-to-come-out many demons from the people that they possessed. Those demons that he caused-to-come-out shouted, they said: ‘You (sing.) are the Child of God!’ But he really forbade them that they should not speak, because they knew that He was the Redeemer King.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “And many people also had demons driven out of them and the demons cried out they said, ‘You are the Son of God.’ But they were scolded by Isa and commanded not to speak because they knew that he was the Almasi.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And even the demons, he caused them to go out of people they were afflicting. They shouted out, saying, ‘You are the Son of God!’ But Jesus caused them to stop talking because he did not permit that they speak, because they knew that he was the king that God had chosen.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “He also caused-evil-spirits -to-leave from many whom they had possessed, and as they left, they were shouting, ‘You (sing.) are the Child (henceforth Son) of God!’ While-meanwhile Jesus rebuked them to make-them -be-quiet, because they of course knew that he was the Messiah.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “There were also many people who had evil spirits driven out of them. As they came out, they called out saying, ‘You are the Son of God!’ But Jesus rebuked them. He did not allow those evil spirits to speak because they were aware that he was the promised Cristo.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (1 John 3:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 John 3:6:

  • Uma: “So, all people who remain in harmony with him, they no longer do sins. All people who keep doing sins, they haven’t seen him and they don’t know him.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Therefore whoever is one with Almasi, he does no longer sin. Anybody who is still sinning has not understood about Almasi and he has not known Christ.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And because of that, anyone who holds tight to His oneness with Christ, it is not possible that He continually does evil. That person who is always doing evil, he doesn’t yet know who Christ is and he has not yet believed in Him.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “So whoever has-been-joined to Cristo, he doesn’t continue to sin, because the one who continues to sin, he hasn’t believed in Cristo and has absolutely not come-to-know him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “The one who lives holding fast to his believing-in/obeying Jesu-Cristo, he doesn’t keep on doing sin. But the one who still keeps on with his doing of sin, he hasn’t comprehended what Jesu-Cristo is like and doesn’t really know/acknowledge him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “All who walk with Jesus Christ do not continue committing sin. But all who commit sin are those who do not understand about Jesus Christ, and do not know him.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Yatzachi Zapotec: “Each one of us if we are constantly present with him, we are not evil doers. And each one of us if we are evil doers we do not yet understand who Jesus Christ is, nor are we acquainted with him.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “He who habitually lives with Christ doesn’t habitually do sin. But he who habitually sins, never wanted to hear Christ and he never knew him.”
  • Tzotzil: “If we are in the presence of Christ, we don’t now seek our sin. If we still seek our sin, it is because we have not yet seen Christ, we do not yet know him.” (Source for this and two above: John Beekman in Notes on Translation 12, November 1964, p. 1ff.)
  • Candoshi-Shapra: “The one who lives (abides) with Jesus only does not sin. The one who sins has not seen Him. Neither does he know Him.”
  • Yanesha’: “All whoever is one with Christ is not characterized by sin. If anyone sins, he has never seen (or found) Christ, he does not know how Christ is.”
  • Aguaruna: “He who is in Christ goods (opposite of sins), but he who doesn’t do so he does not know Christ, ‘He is like that,’ saying he does not know.” (Source for this and two above: Mildred Larson in Notes on Translation, July 1965, p. 1-15)

complete verse (Acts 27:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 27:5:

  • Uma: “From there we cut across the sea that faces the lands of Kilikia and Pamfilia, until we arrived in the town of Mira in the land of Likia.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “After-that we (excl.) passed-by close to the land Kilikiya and Pampiliya, so-then we arrived at Mira, a town there in the land of Likiyas and we (excl.) disembarked (lit. went-down) there.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And after we had crossed the sea which is near the provinces of Cilicia and Pamphylia, we landed in the town of Myra in the province of Lycia.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then we (excl.) crossed the ocean across-from the provinces Cilicia and Pamfilia, and we (excl.) landed/docked at Mira in the province Licia.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When we had now crossed over the bay of Cilicia and Panfilia, we came to Mira, a town of Licia.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 5:29)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 5:29:

  • Noongar: “Then Levi prepared much food and drink at his home so people could eat with Jesus. Many tax collectors and other people, they were friends of Levi.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Lewi made a big party at his house, to honor/guest Yesus. He also called many tax collectors and other people to eat with them.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then Libi and company were feasting in his house in order to honor Isa. Many tax collectors and other people were sitting and eating together.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then levi held a large feast in his house because Jesus was there. And there were many tax collectors, companions of Levi, who attended. And there were also there some other people who ate with them.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “They then went to plural Levi’s house, and he gave-a-feast-for (lit. butchered-for) Jesus with many (animals). There were also many tax collectors and other people eating-with them.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Before long, Levi caused a big feast/meal to be prepared at his house, which was his making-welcome of Jesus. Many gathered who were his companion official receivers of payment and there were other people too. They all ate together with Jesus.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)