Language-specific Insights

complete verse (John 20:21)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 20:21:

  • Uma: “Yesus said again to them: ‘Goodness come to you. Like my Father sent me, so also I send you.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa said to them again, ‘May there be peace in your liver. As my Father commanded me to come/sent me likewise I also command you.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And again Jesus said to them, ‘May you be in peace. Just like my Father God sent me, I will also send you.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then Jesus again said to them, ‘May peace/calm be with you. I send you like my Father’s having-sent me.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus said to them next, ‘Peace/protection of your mind/inner-being will now be yours. In the way in which I was sent by the Father, like that indeed is how I too am sending you.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Jesus again said, ‘Be at peace in your hearts. Like my Father sent me here, I also will send you.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 27:34)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 27:34:

  • Uma: “There Yesus was given-to-drink wine [anggur] mixed with a bitter medicine. When he had tasted it, he refused to drink it.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “they were going to give him grape water mixed with bitter medicine to drink, but when he tasted it he did not drink it.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And they tried to get Jesus to drink wine mixed with bitter substance, but when he tasted it, he did not continue drinking it.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When they had arrived there, they would have given-Jesus -a-drink of alcoholic-beverage that was mixed with something-bitter that was-said-to alleviate pain. But when he tasted it, he refused-it.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus was given by them some drink in which they had mixed a bitter thing. But when Jesus had tasted it, he didn’t drink it.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “There where Jesus arrived, he was given wine mixed with myrrh to put him in a stupor. When he had tasted it, he didn’t want to drink it.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (1 Thessalonians 5:24)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Thessalonians 5:24:

  • Uma: “God called us (incl.) to become his followers. So, he also is the one who made to all this happen, because he always makes his promises happen.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Really, God will do this because he chose you, and he is really trustworthy.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “God will do this for He is the One who made you believers in Him and He can be trusted.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “God who called/invited you, he will do these-things, because he is trustworthy.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And we (excl.) are sure that God who put it in your mind to submit to him, he will indeed fulfill this which we (excl.) are asking for because all he says is really the truth.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “This is what God will do, because this is what he called you for and he will not leave us.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 21:22)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 21:22:

  • Uma: “Yesus said: ‘If it is my will that he live continually until I come again, it is not necessary for you (sing.) to know! Just follow me.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa said to Petros, ‘If for example I want that he lives till I return to the world, that’s no business of yours. You simply follow me.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus answered, ‘If it’s my desire that he is still alive in the future when I return here to the earth, you have nothing to do with that. You just follow me.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But Jesus said, ‘Even if I want him to live until I return, that’s none of your (sing.) business (lit. you (sing.) have no jurisdiction there). You (sing.) just follow me.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus replied, saying, ‘If I want that he is alive until my return, what concern to it of yours? It is necessary that you just follow/obey me.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Jesus said, ‘If I want him to live here until I return, it will be. But what does it matter to you? Do not forsake me.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 27:66)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 27:66:

  • Uma: “They went to the grave. They sealed [saa’, from Indonesian cap ‘official stamp’] the rock that closed it so that it couldn’t be shoved-aside, and ordered soldiers to watch the grave, so that no-one could tamper with it.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then they went there and put a sign on the door of the cave so that it would be known if someone had opened it, and they commanded the soldiers to watch/guard.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They went there, and they put a mark on the stone door so that they might be able to tell if anybody moved it. And they left the soldiers they were causing to watch it.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “So after-that they went to the cave and they marked the rock that closed-it (lit. doored-it) so that it could-be-seen if someone rolled-it-away. After-that they left leaving-behind the soldiers to be-guarding.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “That’s why what they did was they went to the grave and then fixed a marker/signal on that rock which had been used to block off so that they could be sure that it wasn’t interferred with by anyone. And then they caused it to be guarded by those soldiers.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “All went then to guard the tomb well. They sealed the closure of the tomb. The soldiers were left to guard it.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (2 Thessalonians 2:16)

Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Thessalonians 2:16:

  • Uma: “God has shown us (incl.) his love, and he strengthens our (incl.) hearts forever and he gives us (incl.) the hope that is good because of his grace [lit., white insides]. That’s why I call out to our (incl.) Lord Yesus Kristus with God our (incl.) Father” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “We (incl.) are loved by our (incl.) Father God, and because of his love there is no end of his encouraging our (incl.) livers and he caused to be certain to us (incl.) our (incl.) expectation/hope of/from him. May our (incl.) Father God and our (incl.) Leader Isa Almasi make firm your livers and give you strength to do and say whatever is good.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “May Jesu Cristo our Lord and God our Father be the ones to continually-strengthen your minds and help you so that what you do and say will be totally good. Because God showed his love to us, and because of his mercy/grace to us, he also gave (us) an unchanging source-of-strengthening of our minds and our good hope/expectation.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “We(excl.) pray that hopefully you will always be being helped by our Lord Jesu-Cristo and our Father God. His valuing of us is big, and through his compassion for us, he gave us what can cause happiness of mind/inner-being which doesn’t change/move for ever and firmly-grounded assurance of good/good-situation in the future.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “God our Father loved us and gave us his grace, in that he comforted our hearts forever. Also we await the good that God will give us later. May God and our Lord Jesus Christ bless you.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 2:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 2:3:

  • Uma: “And they saw something that was like fire resembling tongues, that spread/crept and touched/landed on each one of them.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then they saw (something) like flames of fire scattering, and being placed on each one of them.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And they all saw something which looked like flames of fire which separated from each other and came to rest on each one of them.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “And they saw something-like fires that separated to go alight on each of them.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Then they saw what was like flames of fire which settled on each of them.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Isthmus Mixe: “Then something small like a tongue, like a flame, appeared to them. Each one of their heads was sat upon by it.” (Source: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then they saw flames of fire which where like tongues which scattered and alighted on each one of them.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “Then they themselves saw fire flames scatter all around until eventually they landed right on top of them.” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Bariai: “And they saw something like tongues of fire disperse and go up onto each one of them.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “Things like flames of fire came on the disciples and stopped/settled on their heads.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)

complete verse (Mark 1:12)

Following are a number of back-translations of Mark 1:12:

  • Uma: “After that, the Holy Spirit took Yesus to the wilderness [lit., empty field].” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then immediately Isa was brought by the Holy Spirit into the lonely place.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And immediately then, Jesus was caused by the Holy Spirit to go into a place where nobody lived.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Right-then the Holy Spirit directed Jesus to the place that had no inhabitants.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well after Jesus was baptized, he was at once taken by that Espiritu Santo who had-entered-to-indwell him, where he was taken to being a wilderness place.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Bariai: “And suddenly, the Straight Spirit sent Iesus so that he went to the desolate area.” (Source: Bariai Back Translation)
  • Kupsabiny: “The Holy Spirit immediately drove Jesus to the wilderness where there were also animals of the bush.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “From-that-happening Great Above One’s Spirit sent Yesus to the place where noisiness stops.” (Source Enggavoter 2004)
  • Shipibo-Conibo: “Just then the Spotless Spirit made him go where no house is.” (Source: James Lauriault in The Bible Translator 1951, p. 32ff. )
  • Balinese: “That had just happened. then Jesus, by the might of the Holy Spirit, went forth to the barren field.” (Source: J.L. Swellengrebel in The Bible Translator 1950, p. 75ff. )
  • English translation by Michael Pakaluk (2019): “So right away, the Spirit carries him out into the desert.”