Language-specific Insights

complete verse (1 Thessalonians 5:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Thessalonians 5:7:

  • Uma: “Because people who sleep and get-drunk, sleep and get-drunk at night.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “It is at night hep that people sleep and it is also at night that the people who drink are always drunk.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “He who sleeps, sleeps in the night, and he who gets drunk, also gets drunk in the night.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because the night is the sleeping-time of people and the getting-drunk-time of drunkards.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For isn’t it so that night is the time when people sleep and get drunk?” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Those who sleep sleep in the night. Those who get drunk get drunk in the night.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • German New Testament translation by Berger / Nord (publ. 1999): “Both who sleep at night and who are drunk at night belong to the darkness.”

complete verse (John 21:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 21:5:

  • Uma: “He said to them: ‘My children, do you have fish?’ They said: ‘Not a one. / There aren’t any.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “He called to them, he said, ‘Friends, haven’t you caught anything?’ ‘None,’ they said.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus said to them, ‘Say Brothers, have you caught anything?’ And they answered, ‘Nothing.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus said to them, ‘Have you caught anything, companions?’ ‘Nothing,’ they answered.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus called out to them, saying, ‘Children/Sons, isn’t it so that you didn’t get any fish?’ Their replies all coincided saying, ‘We(excl.) didn’t get any at all.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Jesus said, ‘Hey, men. Haven’t you found any fish?’ The fishermen said, ‘Not a bit, friend.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 27:49)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 27:49:

  • Uma: “Some others said: ‘Wait a while, let’s (incl.) see if Elia really comes to help him.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But the others said, ‘Wait a minute, let us see if Nabi Eliyas comes to help him.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “But his companions said, ‘Never mind, because we (dual) will see if Elijah appears to set him free.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But others said, ‘You (sing.) wait please so we will see if Elias will come to save him.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But others said, ‘Leave him alone, for let’s look whether Elias will come here to save him.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But other people said: ‘Let us see now if Elijah whom he called to will save him.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Salasaca Highland Quichua: “. . . : ‘Wait, let us see: Will Elijah come (yes or no) to save from the cross?’” (Source: S. Levinsohn in Journal of Translation 18/2022, p. 67ff. )

complete verse (2 Thessalonians 1:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Thessalonians 1:11:

  • Uma: “That is why we always pray for you, relatives. In our prayers we say like this: ‘Oh God our Father! We request that those Tesalonika people there you (sing.) make fit to be called yours(s) followers, because you (sing.) have already chosen them to be your (sing.) followers. We request that with your (sing.) power you (sing.) fulfill/cause-to-come-to-pass all their intentions wanting to do good and you (sing.) bring-to-completion all their work that they work because of their faith in the Lord Yesus.’ That is our prayer we pray for you, relatives.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Therefore we (excl.) continually pray-to/ask-from God for you, that you may be helped so that your doing matches/is right for the people chosen by God. We (excl.) also pray that because of God’s power he will help you so that you will be able to do all the good that you want to do because you trust already.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Because of this we always pray for you. We pray that God might make your behavior worthy of your faith in Him. We pray that by means of His power He will act so that you will fulfill every kind of good behavior which is now your purpose because you have believed in Him.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Therefore we (excl.) are always praying for you that God will change-you -into people who are worthy of his-having-called/invited you. May he guide/direct you by his power so that all your good intentions/purposes are fulfilled and all that you are doing on-account-of your faith will be finished.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “That’s why we (excl.) are always praying to God for you. We(excl.) are asking that hopefully he will help you to live in harmony with the way-of-living which pleases him, which is fitting for people whom he inspired (lit.put it in their mind/inner-being) to submit to him. And hopefully, through his supernatural-power, he will help you so that each thing you are thinking which is good will be fulfilled, things which you want/intend to make a habit of or want to do because of your believing/obeying him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Therefore now, always we pray to God concerning you. We ask God that concerning the word to which he has called you to live, that is what you will live. We ask God that he will strengthen you to do all the good that lights on your hearts. And that he will strengthen you to do all the good that is required by your faith.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 1:12)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 1:12:

  • Uma: “From there, his apostles returned from Mount Zaitun going to Yerusalem. That Mount Zaitun, [was] about one kilometer distance from Yerusalem.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then they went away from the hill Jaitun and returned to Awrusalam, about one kilometer distance.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then the apostles left the mountain which is called Olive Place, and they returned to the town of Jerusalem. (That hill, it is very near to Jerusalem. Maybe one kilometer is its distance.)” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then the apostles returned to Jerusalem from the mountain Olivo. The distance, it is almost one kilometer.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, without anything further, they then left the Hill of Olibo and returned to Jerusalem. That hill wasn’t far from Jerusalem, only about a kilometer.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Morelos Nahuatl: “Then his servants (apostles) went from on that hill which has olive-tree orchards. That hill is close to Jerusalem, only about 2 kilometers away. They returned to Jerusalem.”
  • Central Pame: “Then the apostles came away from there, the hill called Olivar; they arrived in the town Jerusalem. This hill stands near Jerusalem, a little more than a kilometer, the distance they have permission to walk on a rest-day.” (Source for this and above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

complete verse (Matthew 28:15)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 28:15:

  • Uma: “The soldiers took the money, and they said like what had been taught to them. Until this day, that story is well known to the Yahudi people.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The soldiers took the money and did as they were told to. Until this day that is the story that is spread by the Yahudi.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And the soldiers took the money, and they did what was told them, and still today that which the chief priests told them to tell is what the Jews believe.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “So then, the solders took that money and they obeyed what was ordered them. Therefore until today, this is what is being-newsed-from-one-to-another among the Jews.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “The soldiers accepted that money and obeyed what had-been-emphatically-told to them. Till today, this is indeed what the Judio tell everyone.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The soldiers took the money which was given to them and said just like the words they were told to say. This word which the soldiers said is the word the Jews say until these very days.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (2 Thessalonians 3:14)

Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Thessalonians 3:14:

  • Uma: “If for example there are some who do not want to follow what we write in this letter, take note of them. Don’t associate with them, so that they are ashamed/embarrassed.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “If there is any one there who doesn’t want to follow our (excl.) commands in this letter, remember/make a (mental) note of that person and don’t associate/go-along with him so that he will be ashamed.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “If there is any believer who will not obey the commands written in this letter, take note of him and do not go around with him so that he might be ashamed,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “If there are still those who don’t-want/refuse to obey what we (excl.) have been saying in this letter, think-about/remember who he is and-simultaneously don’t be-associating-with-him so that he will have-a-way to be shamed.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And if there is someone you observe who isn’t following/obeying these things we (excl.) have said in this letter, take note of him, and no longer have fellowship with him so that he’ll be ashamed.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “If there is any person who will say that he will not obey this word I have written here in the letter, do not walk with him any more, so that he will be ashamed.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 2:18)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 2:18:

  • Uma: “Even [arrive-arrive to] my servants/slaves, man or woman, I will give them my Spirit on that day, and they will utter my words.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Yes, God said, even to my servants male-and-female, I will send my Spirit in those days and they will speak/spread my word/message.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And those who are my servants,’ he said ‘male and female, I will cause them in the future to be indwelt by the Holy Spirit, and I will inspire them, and they will cause people to understand my word.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Even the slaves who serve me, men and women, I will cause-my Spirit -to-enter them and they will tell what I cause-them -to-speak.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Yes indeed, at that time, I really will grace all my servants, female, male, causing them to be indwelled by my Espiritu Santo. And then through his inspiring them, they will speak what I am causing to be known by people.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • San Mateo Del Mar Huave: “In that day I will put my Spirit upon the men and women who do my work. They will speak that which I will say.”
  • Desano: “To those who do my work as my servants, to them also I will send my Spirit. They will speak because I will cause them to speak.”
  • Eastern Highland Otomi: “When this happens, on my servants, the men and the women, I will send my Holy Spirit. They will prophesy about my power.” (Source for this and two above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)

For the Old Testament quotes, see Joel 2:28ff.