complete verse (Jude 1:12)

Following are a number of back-translations of Jude 1:12:

  • Uma: “In your meetings, those false teachers eat together with you as if they are your companions, but their deeds are so very shameful. They are so show-offish eating at your meetings due to [lit, carried by] their gluttony, and they just think about themselves. They are like clouds that are dark but do not bring/carry rain because they simply disappear blown-away by the wind. They are like trees that have no fruit at the time [to bear fruit], and so they are just uprooted, with the result that they dry-up.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “These people make-it-filthy there at your feasts which you have as a sign that you are of one liver. They are not ashamed to eat-together with you but/and-what’s-more their doings are bad. The only thing they think about is how to satisfy themselves. They are like rain-clouds carried by the wind that don’t let even one raindrop fall. They are also like a tree that doesn’t bear fruit even though it is the season for it to have fruit. And it does not just not bear fruit but it is already really dead and pulled out including it’s roots.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “You are very ashamed of them when they attend your gatherings, for they, by contrast, are not ashamed to satisfy their evil desires when they eat with you. The only thing they can think about is their own desires. They are no good; they are like clouds without rain which are blown away by the wind. They are like trees which do not bear fruit even though it is the time to bear fruit. The reason they cannot bear fruit is because they have been cut down and they are dried up.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Their joining-with you when you eat and take-communion (loan mankumulgar), it can-be-compared to a stain that ruins (lit. causes-to-be-bad) clean clothes. They have no fear for God in the excessive way they eat and drink, but rather it is themselves/their bodies that they are thinking-of. They can-be-compared to clouds that the wind blows-along who are carrying no rain. They are also like a tree which doesn’t bear-fruit in its proper time-for-bearing-fruit or a tree that has not only dried-up but has also been uprooted.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Really as for these people, it’s a big shame for you when they join in with your meals which include Communion (lit. doing the Evening-meal, glossary item). Because they just overeat and overdrink with no awareness of shame, just as if their lives are righteous/straight. They take no notice of others, only of themselves. They really are useless people, like clouds which are dispersed by wind, which is why they can’t give rain. They are also like trees which aren’t bearing fruit, even though it’s fruit season. They really aren’t just killed-off-by-tree-bark-eating-insects, but on the contrary are really dead. They have been uprooted-by-wind with their roots pulled-out.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “When these people I am talking about go to your feasts, then the real believers are ashamed of them. Because these people like to eat but have no respect for the other people at the feast. They are only concerned to be filled themselves. But concerning them, nothing will come from what they do because they are like the cloud when it is carried by the wind and doesn’t give rain. These people are like the trees which don’t bear fruit when the time comes to have fruit. These are as though they were dead in that there is not fruit and truly they have died in that they are pulled up because they have dried up.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 1:32)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 1:32:

  • Uma: “They know God’s commands that say whoever behaves like that is fit to be punished by death. But even so, they still do behavior like that, and they even like-it/approve if others do it.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They know that the law of God says that everyone who does these sins really deserves/matches to die. But even though they know this, they yet sin more and they are also happy when/if others do as they do.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They know that if they do things like this, they will be punished with death forever. However, they just keep on just the same, and not only that, they are very pleased if they can see behavior in other people which is just like theirs.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Even though they know God’s law which says that those who do those-things deserve to be punished forever, they continue to do them nonetheless. And not only that, but they also praise/honor other people who do things like that.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “These people who do these things well know that God says that he will punish people who sin. But it seems that the people all the more go on doing the evil. When they see their fellowman do what is evil, they even rejoice.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 7:43)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 7:43:

  • Noongar: “Simon said, ‘I say, the man who gave back 500 coins (lit.: “stones”). The boss forgave him the most money.'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Simon answered: ‘Perhaps the person whose debt was greater?’ Yesus said: ‘Your (sing.) answer is true.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Simon answered he said, ‘I figure the person who had the great debt will love him much.’ ‘Your answer is right’, said Isa.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Simon said, ‘Perhaps he was greatest in the breath of the person who had borrowed the most money and was not made to pay it back.’ And Jesus said, ‘That’s right. He’s the one who held the lender greatest in his breath.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Simon answered and said, ‘Maybe, the one who had the larger debt removed.’ ‘Yes, your (sing.) answer is correct,’ said Jesus.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Simon replied, ‘In my opinion, probably that one who had the big debt written off.’ ‘You’re right,’ said Jesus, ‘in what you said there.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 1:19)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 1:19:

  • Uma: “So, write what you (sing.) see, what is happening at this time, and what will happen in the future.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘Write,’ he said, ‘all that you see, the things that happen now and those that will-be-caused-to-happen in the future.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Write down what I will show you, that which you will see which will come to pass now and that which will come to pass in the future.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Write then all that I will show you (sing.) that is happening now and will-happen in a future day.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore write the things you have already seen and the things which you will yet see, the meaning of all of this being the things which have come/happened already and those which are yet to come in the future.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “And now write down what all you now see. Write what happens now and also what will happen afterwards.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 3:3)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 3:3:

  • Uma: “Some of the Jews did not stay/remain believing in God. But even so, God nonetheless stayed/remained keeping his word/promise.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Perhaps you say, ‘But some did not follow the message of God.’ That is true. But even if they did not follow God’s message entrusted to them, it does not mean that God is not trustworthy and that he will not fulfill/keep his promise.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And even though that we (excl.) have some fellow Jews who will not obey the word of God, it’s not possible that God will not carry out what he promised long ago.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “It is true that there are Jews who are not trustworthy, but does that mean to say that God is also not trustworthy to fulfill what he promised?” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “And now, some of the Jews have separated from God. But now that they have separated from God does this mean that God will separate from the word he said that he would do?” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 8:25)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 8:25:

  • Noongar: “Then Jesus said to the disciples, ‘Where is your faith?’ But they were amazed and afraid, and spoke together, ‘Who is this man? He speaks to the storm and waves and they do what he says!'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “From there, Yesus said to his disciples: ‘Why do you not believe me?’ They were surprised and frightened, and they spoke among themselves, they said: ‘Who is that person really? He commands even the wind and the waves, they really follow his commands!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then Isa said to his disciples, ‘Why don’t you trust in me?’ They were afraid and they wondered very much. They asked among themselves saying, ‘What person is this? He commands even the wind and the waves and they obey his commands.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus then said to his disciples, he said, ‘Why is it that you don’t have any trust in me!’ And they were very much surprised and afraid, and then they asked each other, ‘Who is this person? Why is it that even wind and wave obey his word?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then he said to his disciples, ‘Why do you have no trust?’ But they were still amazed and frightened and said-to-each-other, ‘What kind-of-person is this? Why, even wind and waves, he commands them and they obey!'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And then Jesus asked his disciples, ‘Why do you not yet have belief and trust in me?’ But they were afraid and amazed. They were saying, ‘Who is he truly, for even the wind and the roughness, when he orders them, they obey him?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 3:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 3:2:

  • Uma: “Wake up! Strengthen your faith that there still is before it all dies. Because I see all that you do, none of it is yet perfect/complete in the sight of God my Father.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Watch out. Strengthen your trust in me while/as long as there is still some of your trust left so that it won’t all go away/leave. Because when I scrutinized/examined your doings, they did not yet hit-the-mark/were not yet right in God’s sight.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Do not sleep, but rather bolster up what is left of the strength of your faith because it seems as if it is about to be removed. I know that your lack is very great because God is not pleased with what you are doing,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Wake-up then so that you will strengthen your weak faith that is left which is close to ceasing-to-exist. Because I have found-out that what you are doing does not suffice for God’s being-satisfied/pleased with you.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Wake up! Strengthen your believing/obeying so that it won’t get completely removed, for it’s really weak now. I have observed that your serving is really lacking in the sight of my God.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Do not any longer be sleeping. Work at strengthening the people, not wanting that anymore people will separate from God. Because I see what you are doing, just resting, and God does not look well on this.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 4:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 4:4:

  • Uma: “For example if a person works to get [lit., eat] a salary, he can certainly demand-payment/collect his salary. That salary is not a gift but really his.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “We (dual) know that if/when a person works, he receives wages (suweldo). When he receives his wages, we (dual) do not say that that is a gift to him, but/instead that is the wage (tangdan) of his work.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “If there is a person who is paid for carrying out what he was asked to do, that payment of his was not just given but rather it was because he carried out that which he was given to do.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “If a person works and is paid-a-salary, we don’t count his salary as a gift but as payment (lit. exchange) for his fatigue.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “And now, when someone does a work, the wages given to him are not just a gift done for him, rather he is owed them.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Teutila Cuicatec: “When we pay our workers that is not mercy, because we owe it to them.”(Source: Waterhouse / Parrott in Notes on Translation October 1967, p. 1ff.)