Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Romans 3:31)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 3:31:

  • Uma: “So, God makes us straight in his sight just because of our faith. But let’s not say/think like this: we discard the Lord’s Law. Don’t! Because of our faith, we make-big [i.e., honor, glorify] the Lord’s Law.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Perhaps you (pl.) say, ‘Na, if it is like that, it means that because we (incl.) trust in Isa Almasi, there is no longer any use for the law of God.’ It is not like that. Rather (lit. even-though that) we (dual) follow the law of God even more.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “I’m telling you that the only reason why we are considered righteous is by our faith, but don’t you think that because of this, there is no value in the commands of God. For because of our faith in Jesus, we will then be able to obey correctly his commands.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “This that I am saying concerning faith, does it mean to say that we should just (lit. even if we) throw away the law? No, because if we believe in Jesu Cristo, we will obey what the law correctly means to say.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “So now that we have faith, can we say that now we will not do the good which the law says. Do not say that. Rather now all the more we can do what the law says.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 8:53)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 8:53:

  • Noongar: “All the people mocked Jesus because they knew that she was dead.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Hearing that, they just laughed at him, because they knew that she was really dead.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They laughed at him, for they knew that the child had really died.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when they heard what Jesus said they just laughed at him, because they knew that that child had really died.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then they laughed-and-laughed-at him, because they knew she was already dead.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus was laughed at by those people for they had observed that (she) was already dead.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 4:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 4:9:

  • Uma: “Those living things said thank you, honored and made-big the name of him who Sits on the Seat of the King and who Lives forever. And when those living things said their praise,” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Those four angels sing, praising God who lives forever. He is honored by them and they thank him. Each time they sing,” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And these four creatures, when they praise and respect and give thanks to the eternal God sitting there on the seat of ruling,” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “These four living creatures, they acknowledge the greatness of the one seated on the throne who lives forever, and they praise/worship/honor and thank him. And when they are doing that,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “They were praising, giving their honor/respect and thanks to that one sitting there on the king’s seat, that one who is alive without ending. Well, while they were praising,” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Thus is the word with which they praised God, very much did they thank him. And each time they did so” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 5:7)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 5:7:

  • Uma: “In the behavior of mankind, rarely we find a person who is willing to die in place of his friend who is not guilty. If his friend is a person with a very good heart, there may be one or so that would dare to die in his place.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “It is difficult for a person to yield (himself)/to submit to die taking-the-place-of/substituting-for a straight person. I don’t know, perhaps there is someone brave to die substituting for a very good person.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “It’s only very seldom maybe, that there is a person who would let himself be killed in the place of even a righteous person. It might be possible that there is a person who is brave enough to let himself be killed in the place of a person whose behavior is good.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Perhaps, there is maybe none of us who would want to die for a person who consistently-obeyed the law, but it is perhaps possible that there would be someone brave to die for a good and consistently-merciful person.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Concerning us, there isn’t any person who will arise who will throw away his life to be killed for his fellowman, even though it were a good person he would die for. Yet perhaps there might be one who will throw away his life to be killed for a very good person.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 9:29)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 9:29:

  • Noongar: “At the moment Jesus was speaking, his face changed, and his clothes (lit.: “kangaroo skin”) became white and shining.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “While Yesus was praying, his appearance changed, and his clothes became sparkling white.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “While he was praying, his face changed and his clothes were very bright and really very white.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And while Jesus was praying, suddenly his appearance changed and his clothing shone very white and it dazzled the eyes.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “As Jesus then was praying, the appearance of his face changed and his clothes, they became extremely-white becoming-dazzling.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “When he was praying, suddenly/unexpectedly the face of Jesus became very unusual, and his clothes were dazzling with extreme whiteness.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 6:16)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 6:16:

  • Uma: “and they shouted/called speaking to the mountains like this: they said: ‘Fall on us (excl.), mountains! Roll over us (excl.), rocks! So that we (excl.) are hidden from the gaze of him who sits on the Seat of the King, and so that we (excl.) will not be struck by the anger of that Lamb over there!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They called to the mountains and to the stones/rocks, saying, ‘Fall and cover us (excl.) so that we (excl.) will not be seen by the one who sits on the throne and so that we (excl.) will not be-affected-by-the-wrath of the Sheep.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They shouted out to the mountains and to the stones. They said, ‘Roll on top of us so that we cannot be seen by the One Who sits on the seat of ruling in heaven, and also so that we cannot be reached by the anger of the young sheep.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “And they pleaded-for-mercy saying to the mountains and rocks, ‘Please cave-in/landslide so that you will cover/bury us (excl.) so that the one who is seated on the throne will not see-us and we (excl.) will escape the Sheep’s fearful punishment of us (excl.).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Those people were ordering the mountains and rocks saying, ‘Go ahead, fill in over us (excl.), so that we (excl.) will be hidden from view, so that we (excl.) won’t be seen by that one sitting on the king’s seat, and also so that we (excl.) won’t experience the incurred anger of that one referred to as Young Sheep.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “the people then said to the mountains and cliffs: ‘Fall on top of us so that you cover us and we will not be found by the one who sits in the chair. Because fearful is the punishment which the Lamb will give. We do not want to go through it.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 6:18)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 6:18:

  • Uma: “So, you are released from your enslavement to sin, and you have become slaves of God that follow his desire.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “You have been freed/taken-out by God from the holding/ruling of your first master, that’s why you no longer let yourselves indulge in sinning and that is what you want now, doing what is straight.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “God has redeemed you out of slavery and you have become His servants whose works are now righteous.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Thus you have been set-free from sin and you have become slaves of righteousness.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now you have been pulled out of sin. Now all that is good you make as though it were your ruler.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 9:61)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 9:61:

  • Noongar: “Another man said, ‘I will follow you, Lord, but first let me go and speak to my family.'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “There was also another [person] who said to Yesus: ‘Lord, I do want to follow you (sing.). But permit me first to return-home to say-good-bye-to/take-leave-of my relatives.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “There was also one who said to Isa, ‘I will follow you, Sir, but I will just go first and take leave of the people in my house.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “There was another person who said to Jesus, ‘Chief, I will follow you, but I will go home first, in order to tell those people in my house.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “There was one more who said, ‘Lord, I will follow you (sing.), but later please so that I can first go say-goodbye to my family.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And then another person spoke next, ‘As for me, Lord, I will indeed go along with you, however if possible/acceptable, I will first ask-leave from my companions/family at home.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)