Language-specific Insights

complete verse (1 Thessalonians 2:20)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Thessalonians 2:20:

  • Uma: “Certainly you are the bigness and joy of our hearts.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Yes, you are the reason/source that we (excl.) will be honored and be joyful.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Yes, you are the ones we will boast about. You are our cause for rejoicing.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “This is truly indeed true: you are our (excl.) cause-of-rejoicing and the reason we (excl.) will be praised.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Yes indeed, because of you indeed, our (excl.) happiness is really far-from-ordinary, and our (excl.) praising of God is big.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Very much do we rejoice because of you.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 19:40)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 19:40:

  • Uma: “Those two took the body of Yesus, wrapped [it] with white cloth, and smeared [it] with that fragrant substance, following the burial customs of the Yahudi people.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “They took Isa’s body and shrouded (saput) it in a white-shroud (kakana’) together with the ointment as is the custom of the Yahudi tribe when they bury the dead.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “They got the body of Jesus and wrapped it with white cloth, and mingled in it were the perfume according to the burial custom of the Jews.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Those-aforementioned two wrapped-Jesus’ corpse -with-strips of good and new cloth to which the perfume had been added, because that was the custom of the Jews concerning the dead.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “After they had gotten the body of Jesus, what they did was, they wrapped it in cloths which were first-class material. As they wrapped they smeared on perfume, because that was the custom of the Judio before burying the deceased.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Joseph and Nicodemus took Jesus’ body. They wound it with cloth which contained the mixed medicine. This was the Jews’ custom when they entombed a corpse.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 27:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 27:11:

  • Uma: “As for Yesus, when he was taken to Governor Pilatus, he stood in front of him. Pilatus asked him: ‘Are you (sing.) really the King of the Yahudi people?’ Yesus said: ‘Thus indeed, like you (sing.) said there.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So-then when Isa was before the governor, the governor asked him, he said, ‘Are you the king of the Yahudi?’ Isa answered he said, ‘That is/It is what you say.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then when Jesus was before the governor being investigated, that governor asked Jesus saying, ‘Are you the king of the Jews?’ And Jesus answered, ‘Yes, it is as you say.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “As for Jesus he was standing in front of the governor. The governor questioned him, ‘Are you (sing.) (surprised realization particle) the king of the Jews?’ ‘If that’s what you (sing.) say, that’s so,’ Jesus answered.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, as-was-said, they took Jesus to the governor. When Jesus was in his presence, he was asked by that governor, ‘Are you the one who is the King of the Judio?’ Jesus replied, ‘Yes, what you said there is true.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Jesus was taken to where the governor was. The governor said to Jesus: ‘Are you the ruler of the Jews?’ Jesus said: ‘Yes, I am like the word you say.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (1 Thessalonians 5:1)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Thessalonians 5:1:

  • Uma: “Relatives all, it is not necessary for us to write to you about just exactly when the day of the Lord’s coming is.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Na, my brothers, we (excl.) don’t have to write as to when this will happen.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Brothers, it is no longer necessary for us (excl.) to explain to you in this letter the days and the times when these prophecies will be fulfilled.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Now as concerns the time when these-things will happen, there is nothing that we (excl.) need to write you, brothers,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Siblings in believing, on that subject of the returning here of the Lord as to what time or hour, there’s nothing else we (excl.) can tell you in this letter of ours(excl.).” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “And now, brothers, it is not needed that I write about the fact that it isn’t known what day, what hour the Lord will come.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 20:30)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 20:30:

  • Uma: “There are still many miracles that Yesus did and that his disciples witnessed, but they are not all written in this letter.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa did many more wonder-causing deeds in the presence of his disciples which are not written here in this holy-book.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The disciples of Jesus saw many more miracles which he did which are not written in this book.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Many are the amazing signs that Jesus showed to his disciples that are not written in this book.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Many more were the signs which were amazing things which Jesus did, which took place before the eyes of his disciples, but which couldn’t be put into this writing.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Many other signs which no one else can do were done by Jesus before his learners which are not written in this book.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 27:43)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 27:43:

  • Uma: “He hoped in God, and he said he was the Child of God. So come on, let’s (incl.) see God release him, if he wants to.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “He trusted in God and he said that he is God’s Son. Let us see if God will really help him.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “He says he trusts in God, and he says also that he is the Son of God. Let’s just see you, if God will set him free if God really cares about him,’ they said.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “He reportedly trusts God and he says it’s true that he’s the Child of God, so let us see if God wants to save him.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “He trusts/relies-on God, and he says too that he is the Son of God. Well then, if he really is truly held dear by God, of course he will free/save him.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “He said that he was the Son of God and he said that God helps him. So now let’s see if God wants to help him now,’ they said.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (2 Thessalonians 1:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of 2 Thessalonians 1:5:

  • Uma: “So, in the staying of your faith we (incl.) see the justice [lit., straightness] of God’s decision: you endure in the hardships that hit you because of your following God, that’s why God says you are worthy to become his people in his Kingdom.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “All this is a sign that God’s judgment is straight/right. Now you endure/suffer so that it is known that you are worthy/fit to be included in God’s ruling/kingdom.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “This trusting and endurance of yours is a sign that God’s judgment is just, for by means of the afflictions you have to endure, He shows that you are worthy to be included with the people He rules over.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “That is the evidence of God’s absolutely correct/right judging of people, because your enduring of hardship since you are God’s people, it is happening to you in order that God will give-the-verdict that you are worthy to be-joined-to his ruling.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Really as for all of this, it testifies that God is righteous/straight in judging, that he will regard you as acceptable to live in his kingdom, that kingdom which you are standing up for and for which you are being caused this hardship.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now you suffer because you believe God’s word. But because your faith is firm, it is seen that God does everything well. And it will come out that you go to where God rules.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Acts 1:6)

Following are a number of back-translations of Acts 1:6:

  • Uma: “One other time, when his disciples gathered at one time with Yesus, they asked Yesus, they said: ‘Lord, is it perhaps at this time you (sing.) will release us from our enemies and become the King of the Israel people?'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “One day while Isa and the persons/people he had commissioned were gathered together, they asked him, they said, ‘Sir, are you now going to set free our (excl.) nation/tribe Isra’il and will you now restore the kingdom to us (excl.)?'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And there was a time when they were gathered together again, and they asked Jesus, they said, ‘Lord, is this now the time of your helping us, the descendants of Israel, so that our former power to be ruled by our own king might be returned to us?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “When the apostles and Jesus gathered-together, they inquired of him, ‘Lord, is it now when you will cause-the ones-from-Roma -to-be-removed who are ruling over us so that we who are from-Israel will-be-the-ones-to-rule?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Once again when the apostles were gathered together, Jesus again came to see them. They questioned him. They said, ‘Lord/Chief, will you now/today make it that these ruling over us will be removed so that the kingdom of our nation of Israel can rise again?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Teutila Cuicatec: “In those days when they were gathered together they asked Jesus: ‘Is it now in these days that you are going to re-establish that the nation of Israel rule itself?'”
  • San Mateo del Mar Huave: “So when they were still together with Father Jesus they asked him, they said: ‘Father, will you now permit the people of Israel to rule their own villages again?’ they said.”
  • Chuj: “Those gathered together with Jesus, they asked him: ‘Lord, is it now you will make our tribe Israel to become the rulers one time more?’ they said.” (Source for this and two above: Viola Waterhouse in Notes on Translation August 1966, p. 86ff.)