Language-specific Insights

complete verse (John 14:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 14:10:

  • Uma: “Do you (sing.) not believe that I am in-harmony [lit., mutual-life] with my Father and my Father is in-harmony with me? What I say to you(p) here, I don’t say following my own desire. My Father who stays in-harmony with me, he is the one doing it [lit., he is the owner of the work].” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Is it that you (sing.) do not believe, Pilip, that my Father and I are one? My teachings to you (pl.) are not from myself, but from my Father who remains here with me. All that I do, he is the one doing it.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Evidently you don’t believe that my Father is here to me and I am there also to him because we are one. Even the words I say to you, I don’t say them from my own thinking because my Father who lives here in me, this is his work.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Don’t you (sing.) believe that I am in my Father and my Father is also in me? What I am saying to you, it didn’t come-from my mind/thoughts but rather it came-from my Father who stays in me. What I have been doing moreover, he likewise is the originator/owner of the deed.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Don’t you believe that I and my Father, we (excl.) are one living-entity? These things which I speak which I am saying to you, I’m not just doing it of myself, but on the contrary the Father who shares my life/breath, he is the one who is doing these works of his.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Don’t you believe that just like I am, the Father also is? Just like my Father is, I also am. This word I am telling you isn’t just said on my own. The Father who is my companion is the one who causes that which I do.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 23:34)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 23:34:

  • Uma: “Your ancestors killed many people whose behavior was upright, beginning with their killing Habel, a person whose behavior was upright long-ago, down-to [lit., arrive-arrive to] your killing Zakharia the child of Berekia, whom you killed in the yard of the House of God, between the house and the offering burning table [altar]. So, to you who live at this time, I will also send/order prophets, smart people and ones who will teach you my words. Some of them you will kill, some of they you will crucify, others you will beat in your houses of prayer, others you will chase to the villages they will flee to. In the end, you who live at this time will bear all the wrong/guilt of your elders who killed the upright people long ago.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “I tell you, I will send to you prophets and men of deep knowledge/wisdom and teachers. Some you will kill and some you will nail to the post. Some you will beat in your prayer-houses and follow them to the towns they are fleeing to.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Because I tell you that I will send yet to you people inspired of God, and those whom God has given wisdom, and teachers. And you will kill some of them, and others you will nail to crosses, and others you will beat in your worshipping places, and you will pursue them to any place that they flee to.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Therefore I will send to you prophets and wise people and those who teach God’s word. You will kill some and nail others to the cross. Others yet, you will repeatedly-whip in your synagogues, and wherever they run-away to, you will chase them to hardship them.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For there will be prophets which I will send here to you and teachers who know the word of God. Some of them you will kill and others will be nailed to a cross. Others you will whip there in your worship-places and you will hound-them/search-them-out in whichever towns.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Now I will send prophets there where you live, I will send wise men, I will send teachers. Some of them you will kill, putting them on crosses. Some others you will hurt in the churches. Others you will persecute, and when they flee to go to other towns, you will go and hunt them out.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Philippians 3:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of Philippians 3:11:

  • Uma: “so that I will also be made to live again from death.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The reason that I want this is so that in the future I will be made alive from my death and I live forever.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The reason I want this is so that it might be possible that I be raised from the dead in the future.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because I of course expect that God will make-me alive again.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “This persevering of mine isn’t just so-so, for I am hoping/expecting that I will be able also to share in being made alive again in the good-situation in heaven/sky.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “I want that I also will resurrect when the dead resurrect.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 15:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 15:11:

  • Uma: “‘I say all that to you, so that your hearts are glad with the joy that is from me, and so that your joy is complete.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘The reason that I teach this to you is, so that you also experience the joy like/the same as (the joy) in my liver and that your joy is complete.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The reason I told you all of this is so that my joy might make you joyful and so that you might be very joyful.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “I tell you these-things in order that your happiness will be great like my happiness.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “I have told these things to you so that you may have a share in my firmly-grounded happiness, and you will be happy with happiness which has no lack.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “I am telling you this so that like I am happy you also may be happy. And every day you will be happy.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 24:27)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 24:27:

  • Uma: “For when I the Child of Mankind come again, my coming will be visible all over the world, like the shining of lightning that appears in the east and shines to the west.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For I, the Son of Man, when I come, my coming will be seen like lightning that shines from the east to the west.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Because I, the Older Sibling of Mankind, my return will be like lightning which suddenly flashes, lighting up all the sky from east to the west. It can be seen by everyone.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because my return who am Child of a Person, it will be like the flashing/shining lightning that is visible from all directions.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because in the same way in which the sky is lit up from east to west when it lightnings, that’s how my returning here will be, I who am the One From Heaven Born of Man/human. It really will be observed by all people.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Because when the day arrives when the Man who will come from heaven comes, then all the people will see him. Like when the lightning lightens above, people everywhere see it.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Amele: “For as the lightning shines clearly in the sky from the sun’s coming up to the sun’s going down like that the time of the coming of the Son of Man will become clear.” (Source: John Roberts in this article )

complete verse (Colossians 1:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of Colossians 1:2:

  • Uma: “we (excl.) send it to you our one-faith relatives who are in Kolose, who are the portion of God and who believe in Kristus. Many greetings: we (excl.) call-out to God our Father, we (excl.) request that he bless you from his grace [lit., white insides] and give you goodness of life.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “We (excl.) send this letter there to you God’s people who are there in the place of Kolossa, to you our (excl.) siblings who steadfastly trust Isa Almasi. May our (incl.) Father God always take-care-of you. May he also give you peace in your livers.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “I am writing to you, the people who belong to God, there in the town of Colossae, who are faithful to the word of Christ. May our Father God show you kindness and give you a peaceful situation.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Here is our (excl.) letter to you who are God’s people in Colosas who are our (excl.) faithful brothers who are joined to Cristo. May you have mercy/grace/kindness (henceforth mercy/grace) and peace that come-from God our Father.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Our(excl.) siblings in believing there in Colosas, there-(with-you) is our (excl.) letter, I Pablo who am an apostle of Cristo Jesus according to the determined-plan of God, and Timoteo who is also our sibling in believing. I am writing to you who are now united/tied-together with Cristo, you who have now been separated out by God as his people now, who truly believe/obey this Cristo. I am praying that hopefully with you always is the grace/mercy and peace of mind/inner-being which God our Father gives.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “I greet all those who are in God’s hand, those who live in the city of Colossae. You are my brothers who believe in Jesus Christ. I want that God our Father will bless you and put peace in your hearts.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Aguaruna: “I with him writing paper, that I send to you all, you who live in Colossae, you being those who say ‘truly God lives,’ you being those who follow Jesus Christ. May God, our father, being merciful to you give you all peaceful life.” (Source: Larson 1998, p. 149)

complete verse (John 16:16)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 16:16:

  • Uma: “Yesus also said: ‘In just a while you will no longer see me. In just a little while more, you will see me again.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa said, ‘Not much longer and you will not see me any more. But after that not much longer you will see me again.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “In just a little time you will no longer see me, and in a short time after that you will see me again.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus continued to say to his disciples, ‘It won’t be long and you won’t see-me. But it won’t again be long and you will again see-me.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘In just a little time,’ Jesus went on to say, ‘you will no longer see me. A little time will pass again and you will see me once more.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “It won’t be long until you will not see me. But also afterwards it won’t be long until you see me. Because I am going to heaven where my Father is.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 25:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 25:9:

  • Uma: “‘The wise ones answered: ‘There won’t be enough [poor us (incl.)]. Go first and buy some at the oil seller.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But the wise girls answered, they said, ‘Perhaps it will not be enough for all of us. Go to the store and buy oil.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then the wise ones answered, ‘It cannot be because it is not enough for all of us, the kerosene that we brought. Go to the store so you can buy kerosene.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “”It’s not possible,’ said the thoughtful-ones answering. ‘Our (excl.) reserve will not suffice for us all. You go to the store to buy (some).'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘Friend, this really can’t be shared with you (implies insufficient). Sorry about that. Probably you’d better just go to where it can be bought, so that you will have what you can put into your lamps.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But the wise girls said in answer: ‘We can’t because if we give you the oil you need, then our lights won’t be able to burn. So now it is better that you go to where they sell oil and buy the oil you need,’ they said.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)