Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Romans 2:17)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 2:17:

  • Uma: “So, continuing on relatives, how about us Jews? Are some of us arrogant [lit., have high hearts], because we say/think we have a connection with God? Do some of us say that God will accept us because of our following the Lord’s Law that Musa delivered?” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “You (pl.) say that you are Yahudi, the people chosen by God. You trust that because God’s law is there with you God will receive/accept you. You boast that you only are the ones who know God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And you also, my fellow Jews, you think mistakenly that you can trust your carrying out the Law and you boast about your association with God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “You who are my fellow Jews (lit. companions who are Jews), you value (conciliatory particle) your jewishness and you trust in your obeying the law to save you. You also boast-about yourselves because you say/think that you know the true God.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Concerning the Jews, I want to tell you about what will happen with them. They know well about the law Moses wrote. And they boast that they know well about God.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 8:10)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 8:10:

  • Noongar: “Jesus said, ‘I have given you the knowledge of the secrets of the Kingdom of Heaven, but other people hear the truth in stories, so they might look, but not see, and they might hear, but not understand.'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Yesus said: ‘Long ago, God had not yet told/made-know man how he would become King in the world. But now, he had told/made-know you that teaching. But as for the people, I teach them with parables, so that the word of the Holy Book will be fulfilled which says: ‘They hear, but they do not know its meaning. They see, but it is like they still do not see [it] clearly.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “He said, ‘You have been given knowledge so that you can understand what God has hidden in his mind about as to how he rules his people. But to the other people everything is told in parables so that they look but not see and so that they hear but not understand.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus answered, he said, ‘That which was hidden long ago concerning the ruling of God, I will make it known to you, my disciples. But the other people, who do not follow me, I will teach them through parables so that even though they look carefully, they cannot see; and even though they listen they cannot understand.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus said, ‘You are the ones to whom God has given the privilege to come-to-know what was not made-known previously concerning his ruling, but as for other people, only parables will-be-related to them so that even though they are seeing, they will not recognize, and even though they are hearing, they will not understand.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Jesus answered them, saying, ‘It really has been given/mercied to you to know the secret/hidden meaning of what I am teaching concerning the kingdom of God. But as for the others, it is in illustrations only, so that even though they will keep on looking-intensely, they can’t see. And even if they continue to listen, they won’t understand.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 2:17)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 2:17:

  • Uma: “‘Whoever has-ears, listen well to what the Holy Spirit says to my followers in every village. ‘Whoever wins, I allow them to eat the manna that is hidden. I give them a white stone. On that white stone is written a new name, that other people do not know. The ones who know it are only the persons who receive that stone.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘All you who have ears, you should listen to what the Spirit of God says to the churches.’ He also said, ‘Whoever is not carried-along by temptation/the tempters I will give him food from heaven called manna. I will also give each one of them a white stone and their new name will be written there. Nobody will know that name except only the one it is given to.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Each one of you must listen/obey to what the Holy Spirit says to you believers. The one who can overcome Satan, I will give him the manna food which I still have hidden which comes from heaven. And I will also give him a white stone upon which is written a new name. The only one who will know what that name is the one to whom it will be given.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “You who are listening, think-about what God’s Spirit is saying to the congregations. The people who defeat evil, I will give-them -some-of the hidden food designated as manna. I will also give each of them a white stone on-which-is-written a new name, and no one knows that name except (lit. if not) the person to-whom-it-has-been-given.’ ‘” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well since what ears are for is for listening with, you must listen well to this which is being said which the Espiritu Santo is causing to be comprehended by the ones who believe and trust in me. For whoever is able to have victory over whatever leads to sinning and detruction of believing/obeying, it’s certain there is something I will give to him which is being reserved here in heaven which can’t yet be seen by man, that manna which can cause one to live without ending. I will also give him a white stone on which is written a new name which no-one at all will know, but only he to whom it was given.”” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Concerning the person who has an ear, let him listen to these words which the Holy Spirit says to the believers. He says: ‘Concerning the person who comes out victorious over the evil there is, I will cause that he will eat the food which is in heaven, that food which is not known here on earth. And I will give him the small white stone. This small stone which I will give has written on it a name which is a new one no one knows about. Only the one who receives the stone will know about it,’ he says.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 3:20)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 3:20:

  • Uma: “There is not one who is upright in God’s sight from their following of the Lord’s Law. For it is from the Lord’s Law that we come to know that we have sinned.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For there is really no person forgiven and considered/regarded straight by God because of his following the law of God but because of the law of God hep do we (incl.) know (lit. is the underlying-reason we (incl.) know) that we (incl.) are sinful.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For there isn’t any person who can be considered righteous by God by means of his obeying the Law, because he always breaks the Law. The reason the Law was given was so that we (incl.) might see that we (incl.) break the Law of God.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because there is no person whom God counts as righteous on account of his obeying the law, because the use of the law is only to make-known to a person that he has sin.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Concerning all the good which is commanded by the law which the Jews follow, no one comes out that does it. Therefore whoever says that he lives according to what the law commands still cannot save his soul. Because God gives the law in order that we know that we have sin.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 8:42)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 8:42:

  • Noongar: “because his only daughter was dying. She was twelve years old. Jesus walked along the road and many people followed him.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Because there-was his only female child, her age was twelve years, [she was] sick near death. Yesus really went with him. While they were walking going to the house of Yairus, the many people crowded around crowding-around Yesus.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “For he had an only girl-child, whose life was twelve years, who was very sick and was about to die. Isa came along with him. While they were going there Isa was pressed already by the crowds of people who were following him.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “for he had an only child, a young girl of twelve years old, and this one was sick and about to die. And Jesus went with him, and while they were walking, they were making their way with difficulty because very, very many people were crowding upon them there.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “because their only female child who was twelve years old was dying. While Jesus was walking to go there, the many-people excessively crowded-around him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “He was asking help from Jesus because of his only child who was a girl of twelve years of age, for her illness couldn’t get any worse. Without anything further, Jesus went with him, but he couldn’t stride because the people were pressing-together who were going along with him.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 3:20)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 3:20:

  • Uma: “‘Here I am standing at your door, requesting-[it]-to-be-opened. If there is someone who hears me, and opens the door for me, I come in to dwell with him, and I eat together with him and he also eats together with me.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Listen, there I am figuratively like a person standing at your door knocking, asking-for-it-to-be-opened. If someone hears my voice and opens the door, I will go in and we (excl.) will eat together.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Listen because I am here at your door calling. If there is a person who hears Me and opens the door for Me, I will come in and I will eat with him and he also will eat with Me.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Listen, I am standing at the entrance knocking. If someone hears my voice/words and opens-it, I will enter and eat-with him.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “For here I am now. It’s like I am standing at the doorway, strongly-requesting to be admitted. For whoever will respond, who will open his door and have me come in, there won’t be any disturbance/hindrance to our (excl., i.e. his and my) fellowship.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Therefore I stand at the door, calling. He who will listen to me, who will open to me his heart, I will enter, I will rest there in the person’s heart. We will be friends, eating together.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 4:21)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 4:21:

  • Uma: “because he believed that God had the power to make his promise come to pass.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “He was really certain that God would do what he had promised.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For his trust was very strong that God would carry out His promise.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because his mind was utterly resolute/certain that God was able to fulfill what he had promised.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Abraham even more was sure that God had the power to do all that he promised to do.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 9:18)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 9:18:

  • Noongar: “One day when Jesus was alone praying to God, his disciples came to him. Jesus asked them, ‘What are people saying? Who am I?'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “One day, Yesus prayed by himself, and his disciples arrived with him. He asked them, he said: ‘According to the saying/opinion of the people, who am I, I here?'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “One day while Isa was praying by himself, his disciples went up to him. Then he asked them he said, ‘What do the people say, who do they say that I am?'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “One day at that time, Jesus was praying alone to God, and his disciples, they were there near him. And he said to them, ‘Who am I, anyway, according to what people think about me?'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “On one-occasion Jesus and his disciples were alone and Jesus was praying. Then he said to them, ‘What is the spoken-opinion of the many-people about me?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “One day, Jesus was praying alone, only his disciples being his companions there in that place. When he had ended, he questioned his disciples, saying, ‘What do you hear which the people suspect as to who I am?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)