Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Revelation 19:21)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 19:21:

  • Uma: “So, after that, the Rider of the white horse killed all the soldiers of that animal, he cut them with the sword that appeared from his mouth. The birds indeed came to eat the flesh of the killed ones until they were full/satisfied.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “And their soldiers died by the weapon coming out of the mouth of the one riding on the white horse. And the flesh of their bodies was eaten by all the birds up to their fill.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And their soldiers were killed by the sword which comes out of the mouth of the one riding on a white horse. And the birds became very full eating the bodies of these soldiers.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “All their soldiers as well, they were killed with the sword that was-coming-out of the mouth of one-riding the white horse. And afterwards the gathered birds ate-and-ate until they were extremely-full.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Without anything further, all their soldiers were then killed with the sharp-edge of that bladed-weapon which comes out of the mouth of that one riding on the white horse. The birds were really fed up (fig.) with eating the bodies of the ones who had been killed.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Concerning the people who had made the war, they were killed with the sword which comes from the mouth of the horseman. The meat of the corpses was what then filled the birds, upon eating this meat.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 15:13)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 15:13:

  • Uma: “God is indeed our hope! That’s why I cry-out to God, I request that he give you happiness and peace [goodness of life] that is complete, from your faith in the Lord Yesus. I request that he strengthen your hearts by the power of the Holy Spirit so that your hoping in Him will grow stronger-and-stronger” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “God is the source of your hope/expectation. May he give you happiness/joy and peace because of your trust in him so that your expectation/hope in God will be caused to increase by/through the power of God’s Spirit.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “As for God who is the source of all the good things that we are expecting; may He give you great joy and a peaceful situation because of your faith in Him. So that by means of the power of the Holy Spirit, your expectancy of all the good things you are going to receive in the future might be drawn tight.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “May God who is the source of our hope also give you extreme happiness and peace on account of your faith in him so that the persistence of your hope will be added-to even-more through the power of the Holy Spirit.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “May God cause that you may completely rejoice and cause that you have peace in your hearts because you now believe in him. And may he cause that the Holy Spirit open your hearts so that you know better that it is true there will happen the good you await to happen.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 15:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 15:4:

  • Mairasi: “‘Now suppose that one person from among you guys if the number of his domba [sheep] is one ratu [king; hundred], then one of them gets his face lengthened [lost] what will he himself the owner do? He himself will immediately leave his other domba animals, the four whole people and two hands and one hand and four [ninety-nine] of them, over there in the big grassy flat place. Then he will go look for that one which had a lengthened face [which was lost] continuously until he will find him.” (source: Enggavoter 2004)
  • Noongar: “‘If one of you had 100 sheep and lost one of them, what would you do? A man would leave the other 99 sheep and he would look for this sheep, the lost one, and he would not stop, only when he finds it.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “He said: ‘For example one of our companions has a hundred sheep. If one sheep gets lost, what does he do? Definitely he leaves-behind the ninety-nine sheep in the field, and he goes to hunt for his lost sheep until he finds it.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “‘For example, if one of you has one hundred sheep and-then one of them goes astray, what do you (pl.) do? Certainly you (pl.) will leave the ninety nine there in the open-place and go to look for the one that went astray as long as you (pl.) do not find it.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “‘For example, one of you has a hundred domestic animals who are sheep, and one of them is lost. What does he do? Certainly he leaves those ninety-nine grazing and he looks for that one who is lost until he finds him.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘For-example, if there is among you an owner of a hundred sheep and one gets lost, what perhaps will he do? Surely (lit. indeed perhaps–connotes no doubt) he will leave the ninety nine in the grazing-area in order to go look for the lost one until he finds it.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘Supposing there is one of you who has a hundred sheep, and then suddenly/unexpectedly one of them was lost, well, what will he do? Isn’t it so that he will leave the ninety nine there in the eating/grazing-place, for he will look for this which is lost until he finds it?” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 21:17)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 21:17:

  • Uma: “He also measured the fort of the village: its height was one hundred forty-four cubits–or about sixty meters. The measure that the angel used is the same as the measure used by men.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The angel also measured the wall. Its height was forty deppe (60 meter) in our (dual) measure because he used a human measure for his measuring.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “He measured the height of the wall, and its height was sixty meters according to our (incl.) way of measuring because that is what he used.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “He also measured the stonewall of the town, and its height was sixty six meters. The meter which was the measure that the angel used, it was the same as the meter that people use-to-measure.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “The angel also measured the walls, some sixty-five mitru, according to men’s measure for that was the kind of measure being used by that angel.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “He measured the wall which went around the city then, with the measurements people use. It came out to be sixty-four meters.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 16:12)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 16:12:

  • Uma: “My greetings to Trifena and Trifosa who really work in the work of the Lord Yesus. My greetings to Persis whom I love, who also does much work for the Lord.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Tell for me also Tiripena and Tiriposa that I remember them. These women work for our (incl.) Leader. And tell also my friend Persis that I remember her. This woman really works hard for our (incl.) Leader.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Greet also for me Tryphaena and Tryphosa; they are industrious servants of the Lord. Greet also for me Persis, my very dear friend. She really did a lot in fulfilling what the Lord wanted her to do.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “I send-greetings-to Trifena and Trifosa who are industrious in serving the Lord Jesus, so also my esteemed friend Persis who is another woman whose work for the Lord (appreciative particle) is extreme.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “My brethren (siblings) who are women, one named Trypaena and the other named Tryphosa, please greet for me. These two work very hard doing the work of the Lord Jesus. Also my sibling the woman named Persis greet for me please. Also she has worked hard doing the work of the Lord Jesus.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 16:4)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 16:4:

  • Noongar: “Now I know what I will do! Now when my work ends, I will have friends. They will invite me into their homes.'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “From there, he said: ‘Aa,, I have an idea/plan! Because I am nearly fired from my work, it is better that I hunt first/ahead for many, many friends, so that they will receive me into their houses.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “A, I know now,’ he said, ‘what I should do, so that when I have been sent away/driven out from my work there will be people whom I can go to.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Oh,’ he said, ‘this is what I’ll do so that I may have some companions that I may go to when I am removed from this work of mine.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Ah, now this (sudden realization particle) is what I will do so that when I am removed from my work there will nevertheless still be friends of mine who will invite me into their houses.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Oh yes, I know now what I will do so that it’s certain I will be welcomed/treated-well in the houses/town, even though the managership is removed from me.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (1 Corinthians 1:17)

Following are a number of back-translations of 1 Corinthians 1:17:

  • Uma: “Kristus made me his apostle, not in order to baptize people. He sent [same root as "apostle"] me to take the Good News. When I announce the Good News, I don’t use my own skill in speaking–lest people believe me just because of my skill, and they don’t know the power of the death of Kristus on the cross.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Because I have not been commanded by Almasi to bathe but I am told to proclaim the good news. And in my proclaiming I do not use deep speech because if I would use deep speech perhaps that is what would make them happy my deep speech and they would pay no attention to my preaching about Almasi’s death on the post, so-then I would not influence/carry them to trust in Isa Almasi.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “For Christ, he did not send me to baptize, but rather he sent me to spread the Good News. And he caused me to understand that it was necessary that I not use world-type skill in speaking because perhaps people would be convinced because of my skill, and the power of Christ to save them through his dying on the cross, would be hidden.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because Cristo didn’t send me to go baptize, but rather he sent me to go preach the good news. And in my doing that, I have not used fancy (lit. decorated) words to show my knowledge lest there cease-to-be results of Cristo’s dying on the cross.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Because it was not to baptize that Cristo sent me, but rather to teach this Good News. I really am teaching this to people but my words are not just according to the perception of the world, so that the far-from-ordinary strength of the teaching concerning the death of Cristo on the cross would not be lessened.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But Christ did not send to me baptize people. Rather he sent me to tell the people the good news. I do not speak words which sound beautiful so that just by them people will want to believe. Rather the only important thing is that I preach that Christ died on the cross.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 17:5)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 17:5:

  • Noongar: “Jesus’ disciples said to him, ‘Grow our faith!'” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “The Lord Yesus’ disciples said to him: ‘Lord, make-strong-for-us (excl.) our (excl.) faith!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then Isa’s disciples whom he had commissioned said to their Lord/Leader, ‘Sir, strengthen our (excl.) trust in God.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And the apostles spoke to Jesus, ‘Draw our faith tight (strengthen our faith).'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then the apostles said to him, ‘Lord, please make-stronger this faith of ours (excl.).'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Well, the disciples spoke, saying, ‘Lord, strengthen our belief in you.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)