Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Romans 10:14)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 10:14:

  • Uma: “Yet how can they call-out to the Lord if they have not yet believed? And neither can/does anyone believe if they have not yet heard the Good News. And nor can they hear the Good News if no one announces it to them.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “How can they ask Isa Almasi to be saved/rescued if/when they do not yet trust him? And how can they trust him if/when they have not yet heard of the good news about him? How can they hear about him if/when there is no one to go and tell them?” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “However, it’s not possible that people call on our Lord Jesus Christ for help if they have not believed in Him. And it’s also not possible that people believe in our Lord who haven’t been told about Him. And the news cannot reach them if somebody doesn’t tell it to them.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “But how perhaps can they ask-him -for-mercy if they haven’t believed? And how can they believe in him if they haven’t heard concerning him? How also can they hear if no one preaches-it to them?” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “So now however, can someone call to Christ if they do not believe in him? And how can someone believe in him if they do not hear about the word? And how will the people hear the word if no one tells them about the word?” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 12:19)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 12:19:

  • Noongar: “Then I can say, ‘You happy man! You own all the good things, everything you desire for many years. Sit, eat and drink, and life will become happy!”” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “After that, I will no longer work, for my stored-things will be many, enough for me to use for several years. Thus, I can just sit-around-in-the-house, eat, drink and continually have-fun!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Then I will say to myself, I have really been lucky. I have been able to store up much for many years in the future. I will rest now. I will eat and drink and have fun.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And then, since I really now have everything nice, I will no longer work, because I have come to own everything that I will need for many years. Therefore I will just relax and eat well, and drink, and have a good time,’ he said.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Then I will say to myself, ‘I am a fortunate (appreciation particle) person! These good-things that I have stored-away will suffice for how many years. I will take-life -easy! I will eat-and-eat, drink-and-drink, and enjoy-myself and that’s all!'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “And then I will just sit around (lit. cause-my-leg-to-swing), for I will say, I will never lack anything for however many years. I’ll just be getting up to eat, drink and enjoy-myself.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 16:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 16:2:

  • Uma: “[So] the first angel went, spilling the contents of his bowl on the world. Suddenly there appeared sores that were frightening and disgusting on the people who had the sign of the evil animal and on the people who worshipped his idol.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “So then one of the angels went and poured out the disaster in his bowl onto the earth. When he poured it, immediately boils grew on those people who had the mark of the creature and who had worshiped its statue. Their boils were very bad and very painful.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Then the first angel poured out his bowl on the earth. Then the people who had let themselves be marked by the mark of the beast and had worshipped the image of the beast, stinking and painful ulcers erupted on them.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “So the first angel went to go pour-out the contents of his bowl on the earth. And the people who were marked with the mark of the fearsome animal and who had worshipped the animal-image that was his likeness, they were afflicted-with-boils with fearful and large boils (not redundant in RL).” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Therefore the first angel went, and he poured out here in the world the contents of the bowl he was holding. Well when he had poured it, those people who had caused themselves to be marked with the brand of that monster and had worshipped his image, they were now caused to have throbbing and filthy sores.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The first angel then poured out the bowl he was holding upon the earth. Then all the people who had the mark of the terrible animal or who had worshipped his idol got awful sores which pained very much.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 11:25)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 11:25:

  • Uma: “My one-faith relatives! I want to say to you what the purpose of God is that men did not know from of old. I say this to you so your hearts will not be proud [high]. So that you know: some of the Israel people are stubborn [lit., have hard hearts] at this time. But their stubbornness is only for a while, until the amount of people who are not Jews who believe in Yesus is complete.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “My brothers who trust Isa Almasi, I have something to tell you so that you will not be proud (lit. high liver) and boast that you are better than the Yahudi. There is a true teaching I want to tell you about which has not been known until today. This is my telling/news. It is true that most of the people of Isra’il are not willing to believe, but I tell you that their not believing will not remain. When the number of the people not Yahudi who follow God is complete, then the Yahudi will believe and go-back to God.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “It’s my desire, brothers, that you understand what God is doing, that mankind long ago did not understand. The reason I am explaining this to you is so that you may not think that you are greater than the Jews. In spite of the fact that God permitted some of the Jews to not believe, there’s time in the future when they will abandon their unbelief in God because this will last until the time when all of the people who aren’t Jews will believe whom God has determined that they will believe.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “My brothers, there is something that was not made-known previously that I want you to understand so you don’t become proud thinking that your knowledge is advanced (lit. high). What I am making-known is that the refusal of the rest of the Jews to believe in Cristo will not be-continued forever, but rather it will be continued only until the number of Gentiles who will be saved becomes-complete/correct.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Listen my brothers, concerning this word which is not known about, I want that you now know well how it is. Because I do not want that you think that you are greater than the Jews. Truly many of the Jews do not want to believe in Christ. But they will believe when there arrives the day when a very great number of the people who are not Jews will have believed the message.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 12:51)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 12:51:

  • Noongar: “You say that I came to bring peace to the world? No, no peace, but only division.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “Do you think that my coming here, [I] come to make-one-life people? No! My coming here, [I] come to make-at-odds people.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Is it that you mistakenly-thought that I have come to bring peace to the world? Not peace, instead I tell you, I have come to bring a reason for opposition/division-of-opinion.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “You thought mistakenly, perhaps, that the reason I came here to the earth is so that there would not be any more trouble for mankind. That’s not it, because by means of my coming here, there will be separation of the breaths of people (this phrase means that they are divided in opinion.)” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “You probably think I came to bring peace to the earth, but no. I came to cause-people -to-separate.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “You must not think that why I came here was to bring peace/protection so that people here in the world would be harmonious. Because some will believe-in/obey me, others won’t. Therefore it’s like I came here so that people are now in conflict.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)

complete verse (Revelation 17:13)

Following are a number of back-translations of Revelation 17:13:

  • Uma: “Those ten kings, they were just of one mind/heart to help that evil animal. They submitted to that animal, and all their strength and the power of their governing/government(s) they used to do the will/desire of that evil animal.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “These ten kings will agree (lit. be of one planning) that they give their strength and authority to the creature.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “The ten kings will have only one purpose, and they will help the beast with their strength and power to rule.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because they have only-one motive/purpose, they will turn-over their power and authority to the fearsome animal.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “These ten all have the same thing in mind, that’s why they will cause their means/ability and authority of kingship to be subject to that monster.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “These ten rulers all say the same thing. They agree to do whatever the terrible evil beast will say.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Romans 12:21)

Following are a number of back-translations of Romans 12:21:

  • Uma: “Don’t pay back the evil behavior of others with evil behavior too. If it’s like that, we end up being defeated because we have been defeated by evil. Rather, repay evil behavior with good behavior, in order that we defeat evil with goodness.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “If evil/bad has been done to you (pl.), let your repayment not be evil/bad. But repay with good and/so-that the bad/evil is defeated.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “Even though someone harms us in a very evil way, let’s not pay back with evil. Because if we pay it back, we are defeated because we are influenced by evil. What we should do is pay back with good, and because of this it will be our enemy who is defeated, because he will be influenced by good.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Don’t permit evil to defeat you (pl.) but rather defeat evil with the good that you do.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “Don’t let evil conquer you in that you do like your enemies do. Rather conquer evil in that you do good to your enemies.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Luke 13:24)

Following are a number of back-translations of Luke 13:24:

  • Noongar: “‘You must always do everything which you can do to go in the narrow door. So truly, many people will want to go in the narrow door, but they will not be able to go in.” (Source: Warda-Kwabba Luke-Ang)
  • Uma: “‘Receiving goodness of life may be compared to people who enter through a narrow gate. Make-effort/haste to enter through that narrow gate. Because many will search for their way to enter, but they will no longer be able to enter.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Really persevere/strive to enter by the narrow door. For I tell you that many will try to enter but they will not be able to enter.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “‘Do everything you can so that you might enter in the narrow doorway of the house which is life without end, because I say to you that there are many people who would really like to enter in there, but they cannot enter in.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘Put-forth your effort (lit. ability) to enter the narrow doorway to heaven while you still have opportunity. Because starting-from when the house owner closes-the-door, many will try to enter but they won’t be able. Even though they knock saying, ‘Lord, please open,’ he will say in reply, ‘I don’t know you and where you are from.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘You (pl.) are really to persevere to enter at the narrow gate. For what I will say to you is true that the day will come when many will then force who want to enter the kingdom of God, but they won’t be able to enter because they are too late.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)