Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Matthew 19:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 19:9:

  • Uma: “So that you know, whoever divorces / separates-from his wife and marries another woman, he is committing adultery [emphatic]. Only if his wife is committing adultery is he allowed to divorce her.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “I tell you, whoever divorces his wife and his wife did not do bad/commit adultery, and he marries another one, he commits adultery.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “That’s why I say to you that if there is a man who divorces his wife, and he, the man, has not committed adultery against by his wife, and then he gets married again, this man sins against his first wife because of that getting married again.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “I thus say to you that the man who divorces his wife except if she committed-adultery (lit. manned-with), he commits-adultery (lit. womans-with) if/when he marries another.'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “That’s why this is what I am saying to you today, whichever man will divorce his wife for whatever cause, except she has been compromised by another man, and then he marries another, he has really acted immorally. And like that indeed, whoever marries the woman who has been divorced, he also has acted immorally.'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “I tell you that the man who divorces his wife and it wasn’t because of fornication, then when the man again marries another woman, that man sins. If the woman who was thrown aside marries, then she commits sin with the man she marries.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Ephesians 3:2)

Following are a number of back-translations of Ephesians 3:2:

  • Uma: “Surely you heard how God gave me my work, in order that I carry the Good News that tells of God’s love to you who are not Yahudi people.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “You have certainly heard, that because God loves and has mercy/pity, he has a work entrusted to me and this work is for your good.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “I know that you have heard that as for God, He entrusted to me the telling to you that his grace to you who are not Jews is very great.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Perhaps, you have indeed heard that God entrusted to me this work which is to make-known to you his mercy/grace.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “You probably know-quite-well this job/responsibility of mine that God entrusted to me which is that I am a teacher to the nations who are not Jews concerning his grace/mercy.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “You know how God did me the favor of giving me my work of telling you the good news.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 11:8)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 11:8:

  • Uma: “His disciples said: ‘Teacher, it has not been long since the Yahudi people wanted to kill you (sing.). Why do you (sing.) want to go there?'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “His disciples said to him, ‘Sir, it is not long since the people almost threw (stones) at you so that you would die, and you want to go back again there, surprise?'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And his disciples said to him, ‘Teacher, it would be better if you don’t return there to Judea because it hasn’t been very long that the Jews were trying to kill you.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “‘But Sir teacher, it was no long-time-ago the Jews’ almost stoning you (sing.) there, and there-now we are still going to return?’ they answered.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘Expl., Teacher,’ said his disciples, ‘Isn’t it so that not long ago, the leaders of us Judio were wanting to stone you? Well why do you want to go there again?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “The learners said, ‘Teacher, it wasn’t long ago that the Jews wanted to kill you with stones — and now again you want to go there!'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 20:11)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 20:11:

  • Uma: “‘When they saw their wages, they grumbled about the owner of the field, they said:” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “When they received their wages they grumbled against the owner of the land,” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And when they were receiving it, they were disgruntled, and they said to the man who had caused them to work.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Therefore they grumbled to the one-who-had-them -work, saying,” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “Having received it, it wasn’t acceptable to them. They said to that owner,” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “They took their wages and were angry toward the field-owner.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)
  • Mairasi: “After receiving that money, then they themselves got angry at the farm owner therefore they themselves said:” (Source: Enggavoter 2004)

complete verse (Ephesians 4:13)

Following are a number of back-translations of Ephesians 4:13:

  • Uma: “He distributes these blessings to us until the time comes when we all become just one-heart, because we all know and believe the Child of God. We grow stronger and stronger and more and more aware/mature, until we no longer have any lack, we become the same as Kristus.” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Finally our (incl.) trust will become equally strong and the knowledge of us (incl.) all about Almasi, the Son of God will increase. Then our (dual) trust in Almasi will be firm/strong and our (dual) conduct/behavior will be like the conduct/behavior of Almasi.” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “By means of this, it will at last be possible that we are one in our believing and our knowledge of the things the son of God is doing. And at that time, our faith in Jesus will be thoroughly made perfect. And at that time there will be no lack in our behavior, just as there is also no lack in the behavior of Christ.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “until our faith and what we know concerning Cristo the Child of God will be the same. Then it will be possible for us to compared to a strong mature-man and our behavior, it will equal the goodness of Cristo’s behavior which has no lack/fault.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “until we are all of-one-mind in our trusting, believing/obeying, and knowing/recognising Jesus who is the Son (lit. Child) of God. Yes indeed, until we are like mature people who have now reached far-from-ordinary completeness which we comprehended there in this Cristo.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “until it will end up that we all will have the same faith and we will know very well the Son of God. More and more we will better understand about the word, then we will walk like Christ walks.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (John 11:40)

Following are a number of back-translations of John 11:40:

  • Uma: “Yesus said to Marta: ‘Didn’t I tell you (sing.) earlier, if you (sing.) believe, you (sing.) will see the greatness of the power of God.'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “Isa said to her, ‘I have told you already that if you only believed you would really see the power of God.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And Jesus said to her, ‘I said to you that if you believe, you would see that which will cause God to be very famous.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Jesus said in-return, ‘Is it that you (sing.) have forgotten what I told you (sing.) that if you (sing.) believe, you (sing.) will see God’s power?'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “‘Didn’t I say to you,’ said Jesus, ‘that if you will believe-in/obey me, you will see how much is the praiseworthiness/glory of God?'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But Jesus said, ‘Didn’t I tell you that if you believe in me you will know that God is the greatest?'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Matthew 21:9)

Following are a number of back-translations of Matthew 21:9:

  • Uma: “Many people followed him, some went ahead, some were also behind. They continually shouted/cheered saying: ‘Praise him the descendant of King Daud! The Lord God blesses the King who comes carrying his name! Praise God who is in heaven!'” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “The people in front of Isa and the ones following shouted. They called, saying, ‘Let us praise the descendant of Sultan Da’ud. Let us praise the one God has sent. Let us really praise God.'” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “And many people went in front of Jesus and many people were following him. And they said, shouting, ‘Let us honor the Descendant of King David. The one who has come, sent by God, may he be praised. You also in heaven, honor him too.'” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Those going-ahead and those-following, they shouted saying, ‘May this descendant of David be honored! May this one God sent as his representative be blessed! May God in heaven be honored!'” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “The people in front and behind him made a lot of noise. What they were shouting out was, ‘Praise this descendant of king David! Praiseworthy is this one who was sent by God! Praise God who is there in highest heaven (lit. at the top of the sky, i.e. beyond the sun and stars)!'” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “There where Jesus went he was in the middle of the people, some going before, some following. The people together shouted with joy, saying: ‘This messenger from God is supreme. This one is the descendant of David. God bless him. Great is God who is in heaven.'” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)

complete verse (Ephesians 5:13)

Following are a number of back-translations of Ephesians 5:13:

  • Uma: “But when/if the evil people see your good behavior, the evil of their [emphatic] behavior will become evident, with the result that they will let go of their dark deeds, and become light/bright also ["like you," implied].” (Source: Uma Back Translation)
  • Yakan: “But if it is made clear to them that their doings are-not-right/faulty they will finally recognise-and-know their fault,” (Source: Yakan Back Translation)
  • Western Bukidnon Manobo: “But by means of the light, which is to say the true doctrine, they can come to know that God thinks about those works of theirs, and then it is possible that their minds also be illuminated.” (Source: Western Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “Because when that which is in the darkness is illuminated, it can be seen what it is like.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Tagbanwa: “But, because of your good deeds, it is evident that what they are doing is evil. Because good deeds are like light, and as long as there is something giving light, all will now be enlightened.” (Source: Tagbanwa Back Translation)
  • Tenango Otomi: “But when there is disclosed the word how it is that people secretly do evil, then the people will know that they are doing sin.” (Source: Tenango Otomi Back Translation)