Language-specific Insights

complete verse (Habakkuk 3:14)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Habakkuk 3:14:

  • Kupsabiny: “You killed with your spear the leader of soldiers and you destroyed (him/them) when those soldiers attacked like a whirlwind wanting to come and crush weak people who had hid themselves.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “When those with intent to swallow
    up the destitutes hiding,
    and their soldiers come like a storm to drag us out by force,
    You will, with his own spear, perforate his head.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “You (sing.) pierced the head of the commander of his soldiers and the bow himself of the commander is what you (sing.) used.
    You (sing.) did this when they attacked us (excl.) just as-if-like a storm in-order-to scatter us (excl.).
    For their happiness is to destroy us (excl.) who (are) pitiful, who are-hiding in fear.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “You (sing.) shot-with-an-arrow the head of their leader
    when they came like a typhoon
    to mutually-separate us (excl.).
    They were also made-very-happy in hardshipping us (excl.)
    who were to-be-pitied in our (excl.) places-of-hiding.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “With his own spear you destroyed the leader of those soldiers who rushed like a whirlwind to attack and scatter us,
    thinking that they could conquer us Israelis easily.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Malachi 2:13)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Malachi 2:13:

  • Kupsabiny: “Another thing again that you (plur.) do is this: You bring lots of tears on the altar. You cry and wail because God does no longer accept your sacrifices that you bring to him.” (Source: Kupsabiny Back Translation)
  • Newari: “Furthermore, you also do this: you shed tears at the altar of the LORD, you weep and wail because he does not care about what you offer and he does not accept them with pleasure.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “‘This is another (thing) you do: You (plur.) keep-on crying loudly in the altar of the LORD for he does-not pay-attention anymore or (is not) happy to your (plur.) offerings.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • Kankanaey: “These also are other-things that you are-doing: You cry and wail and utterly wet the altar of God with your tears, because he does not receive your offerings/sacrifices.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • English: “This is another thing that you do: You cover Yahweh’s altar with your tears. You wail because he no longer pays attention to your offerings; but he is not pleased with them.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 1:8)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 1:8:

  • Kankanaey: “And-so it was-accomplished/fulfilled, because he made what he named sky which is the separation-place of the water above from the water below. When the night was finished again and again it got-light, that was the second day.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “God named the upper part ‘the heavens’.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “This division was-called by God ‘space/sky.’ Evening came, and-then the morning. That was the second day.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then there was another evening, which was followed by another morning. He called that period of time ‘the second day’.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 2:9)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 2:9:

  • Kankanaey: “That was where- God -caused-to-grow all kinds of trees which are those whose appearance is nice and those also whose fruit is edible. In the middle of that land, there was a tree which if people ate of its fruit, they would live forever. There was also a tree which if they ate from-it they would come-to-know the good and bad.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “The LORD God caused fruit trees to sprout which were very good and were pleasant to look at. The tree that gives life and the tree that gives the knowledge of good and evil were caused to be right among them.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “And the LORD God caused-to-grow all kinds of trees that are-good to-look-at and their fruits are-good/delicious to-eat. In the middle of the garden there-was a tree there that gives life, and there-was also a tree there that gives knowledge of what is good and bad.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Yahweh God also put there every kind of tree that is beautiful to see and that produced fruit that was good to eat. He also placed in the middle of the park/garden a tree whose fruit would enable those who ate it to live forever. He also placed there another tree whose fruit would enable those who ate it to know what actions were good to do and what actions were evil to do.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 3:21)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 3:21:

  • Kankanaey: “When it was finished that he said that, he went and got animal skins and made (them) into clothing and caused- them -to-put-it-on. And Adan, he named his spouse Eva, because she was the original-source of all people.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “And the LORD God made clothes of skin for Adam and his wife, and clothed them.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Then the LORD God made clothes from skins of animal(s) for Adan and his wife.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “Then Yahweh God killed some animals and made clothes from their skins for Adam and his wife.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 5:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 5:4:

  • Kankanaey: “Adan lived 800 years still and he had other children.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “After that Adam lived 800 years. Within that [time] his other sons and daughters were also born.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “After Set was-born, Adan lived 800 more years and his children increased-in-number even more.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “After Seth was born, Adam lived 800 more years, and during those years he became the father of other sons and daughters.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 6:4)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 6:4:

  • Kankanaey: “At that time when- the children of God and the women they married -slept-together and in the following years also, that is when people were born who were extremely large. Those people, much has been related about what they did long ago.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “At that time, and also after that, there were Nephilim on the earth. There were children from the sons of God and the daughters of men. At that time they were strong and famous.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “At that time, and even later, there-were known people on the earth who were the descendants of the children of God who married beautiful women. They were powerful and famous people in ancient times.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • German Luther 1984 revision: “At that time and also later, when the sons of God went in to the daughters of men and they bore them children, who became the giants of the earth. These are the heroes of ancient times, the most famous of them.” (Source: Zetzsche)
  • English: “There were giants called Nephils who lived on the earth at that time and later. During that time some of the Nephil men who belonged to/believed in God had sex with women who did not belong to/believe in God, and they gave birth to children. The Nephils were considered to be heroic fighters, and they became famous.” (Source: Translation for Translators)

complete verse (Genesis 7:14)

Following are a number of back-translations as well as a sample translation for translators of Genesis 7:14:

  • Kankanaey: “including all the kinds of animals and birds that God commanded, who were the time and the wild, the large and the small that were male and female.” (Source: Kankanaey Back Translation)
  • Newari: “With them went all kinds of domesticated animals, wild animals, beings that creep on the ground, and all kinds of birds.” (Source: Newari Back Translation)
  • Hiligaynon: “Also going-with them were all kinds of animals: the (ones-that)-walk, the (ones-that)-crawl, and the (ones-that)-fly.” (Source: Hiligaynon Back Translation)
  • English: “They had already put in the boat some of every kind of wild animal and every kind of livestock and every kind of bird and every other creature that has wings.” (Source: Translation for Translators)